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Optimization of reflux extraction for caesalpinia sappan linn. Wood by using response surface methodology
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The role of education support in enhancement of entrepreneurial intentions amongst Undergraduates in Malaysia
No full textEntrepreneurship has long been a topic of interest for many researchers. The economy being volatile has impeded job opportunities for many, particularly amongst youths. In Malaysia specifically, where unemployment has been increasing over the years, measures have been taken by the government to promote entrepreneurship to youth and undergraduates to make them more entrepreneurially inclined. Despite the numerous incentives and programs by the government to encourage youth to be entrepreneurial inclined, the unemployment rate is still high in many countries, particularly Malaysia. This research aims to offer a systematic literature review on the growing role of education support in promoting entrepreneurial intention amongst undergraduates in Malaysia. This research will highlight the increasing importance of education in fostering entrepreneurial intentions amongst undergraduates in Malaysia over the last five years. Through the compilation of past literature and research, this study aims to contribute to entrepreneurship research by discussing the impact of education support as well as highlighting ongoing discussions on education support in nurturing undergraduate entrepreneurial intention
An Application of Theory of Planned Behavior in Determining Student Entrepreneurship Intention
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Development and characterization of oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre reinforced polylactic acid filaments for fused deposition modeling
No full textIn recent years, Natural Fibre-Reinforced Composites (NFRC) making its impact in all applications, and they have reached their way into the field of Additive Manufacturing (AM) as well. This increases the demand for natural fibre based filaments in the field of AM. Hence, this research aims to develop
filaments made of Polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibre (OPEFBF) and to investigate its physical, thermal and mechanical properties. PLA with 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt.% of OPEFBF were melt blended, hot-pressed, and successfully extruded as filaments. Later, its
physical, thermal, water absorption, biodegradation, and mechanical properties are investigated. OPEFBF reinforced filaments show lesser values of densities, increased Tensile Modulus (TM), better bio and thermal degradation compared to the pure PLA. However, its rate of water absorption
is high with reduced Tensile Strength (TS) than the pure PLA. Later these filaments reinforced with different OPEFBF contents are 3D printed using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology. Filaments with lesser fibre content were easy to print. Filaments with 10 wt.% OPEFBF was continuously printed whereas, filaments with higher fibre content clogged in the nozzle. Overall, PLA reinforced with OPEFBF has been developed and successfully applied to the field of additive manufacturing by FDM
Antibacterial Activity of Amine-Functionalized Silver-Loaded Natural Zeolite Clinoptilolite
No full textThe antibacterial activity of amine-functionalized silver-loaded natural zeolite clinoptilolite was
analysed against Gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 and a comparison was made with
raw clinoptilolite, silver-loaded clinoptilolite, and amine-functionalized clinoptilolite with APTES
(3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane. Results from the characterization of the samples using Fourier
transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the silver-loaded clinoptilolite was
functionalized with APTES without affecting the original framework structure of the clinoptilolite.
The antibacterial activity of the analysed samples based on disc diffusion technique (DDT) and
minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) showed that the silver-loaded clinoptilolite (150 % of
cation exchange capacity of clinoptilolite) had the highest antibacterial activity, as compared to
amine-functionalized silver-loaded zeolite. This study showed that the functionalization of silver loaded clinoptilolite could affect the release and action of silver ions to kill or inhibit bacterial
growth. However, it showed that the natural zeolite clinoptilolite could become a good carrier
system for the antibacterial metal ion, especially silver ions
Antibiotic resistance properties of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from hospitals in Selangor
No full textA total of 89 Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) samples used in this study were collected
from clinical hospitals in Selangor. These isolates were grown on Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) to
screen for pink colonies that do not reduce mannitol which is a characteristic of CoNS. The purified
isolates were subjected to standard biochemical tests which include Gram stain, slide coagulase,
catalase, and urease test. Identification of Staphylococcus epidermidis was performed using the tuf
gene sequencing method which confirmed the species at a total of 60 out of the 89 isolates. When
tested against several antibiotics, 41.7% of the isolates were found to be resistant to cefoxitin
followed by erythromycin (38.3 %), gentamicin (16.7 %), rifampin (16.7 %), clindamycin (15.0
%), and ciprofloxacin (8.3 %). In contrast, all of the S. epidermidis isolates were sensitive against
linezolid. This supports the use of linezolid in the current treatment of S. epidermidis infections.
Hence, the speciation of S. epidermidis and its antibiotic resistance patterns may further establish
their role as a significant pathogen and help in initiating proper antimicrobial therapy
Synthesis and characterization of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet zinc aluminum layered double hydroxide (Zn/Al LDH) via an alkali-free route
No full textThe effect of different molar ratios on the synthesis of zinc aluminium layered double hydroxide
(Zn/Al LDH) via an alkali-free route was carried out in this research. This method was prepared
by mixing zinc nitrate solution, aluminium nitrate solution, and ammonium carbonate solution at
a constant pH of 8.5 with a spanning ratio of Zn to Al from 4:1, 3:1, and 2:1. The XRD patterns
showed crystal nanostructure of Zn/Al LDHs was successfully formed. The lattice parameters (a
and c) were slightly increased with the increasing of Zn/Al molar ratio. A larger hexagonal platelet
is observed in the SEM image align with the high molar ratio of Zn/Al synthesized. The same trend
has been observed in the FTIR spectra