Jurnal Biologi UNAND
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GENETIC VARIATIONS OF TWO Anguilla SPECIES IN THE WEST COAST OF WEST SUMATRA AND MENTAWAI USING RAPD
Full text linkResearch on the genetic variation of Anguilla spp. in the waters of the West Coast of West Sumatra was carried out from February to June 2022. This study used the RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) method. In this study, two Anguilla species were found, namely A. marmorata and A. bicolor bicolor. The highest heterozygosity value of A. marmorata in the Tarusan River was 0,2018, and A. bicolor bicolor in Mentawai was 0,2340. The values of gene flow (Nm) in A. marmorata and A. bicolor bicolor were 0.7592 and 1.6318. The values of genetic differentiation (GST) in A. marmorata and A. bicolor bicolor were 0.3971 and 0.2345, respectively. This shows that the value of genetic variation of A. marmorata and A. bicolor bicolor in several rivers on the west coast of West Sumatra is low
Keanekaragaman Crustacea Ordo Decapoda Di Kawasan Mangrove Pangkal Babu Desa Tungkal 1, Tanjung Jabung Barat
Full text linkMangrove area is a type of ecosystem with unique characteristics. Mangrove ecosystems are located in brackish waters which are a meeting place between land and sea. Mangroves have an ecological function as a habitat for various types of fauna. In addition, many mangrove areas have been developed as ecotourism areas which have impacts on the environment such as the risk of damage to existing natural resources and the survival of one of the fauna that makes up the mangrove ecosystem, namely Crustaceans. The purpose of this study was to identify the diversity of Crustaceans of the Decapoda Order in the mangrove area of Tungkal 1 Village, Tanjung Jabung Barat. This research method is descriptive quantitative. Sampling was carried out exploratively using purposive sampling technique. Sampling was carried out at three stations using four types of fishing gear, namely spread nets, gill nets, sondong and togok carried out 3 repetitions on different days. The research results obtained found 15 species from 8 families including 10 species of shrimp and 5 species of crabs. The diversity index obtained as a whole is in the medium category and dominance index at each station is included in the low category
Perbedaan Keanekaragaman Jenis Semut (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Pada Dua Tipe Habitat di Taman Wisata Alam Lembah Harau
Full text linkA total of 11 species belonging to 10 genera, 3 subfamilies with a total of 133 individual litter ants were collected at the Lembah Harau Nature Tourism Park. The results showed that the ecosystem of the Lembah Harau Natural Tourism Park tends to be stable. This is indicated by the index of ant diversity in the natural habitat of 0.98 which is low, while in the disturbed habitat it is 1.83, which is classified as moderate. as well as the dominance index in natural and disturbed habitats, namely 0.56 and 0.18 so that it can be concluded that no species dominates in these two habitat
Diversitas Spesies Reptil (Squamata) pada Habitat Akuatik dan Terestrial di Magelang, Surakarta, dan Magetan
Full text linkPenelitian tentang keanekaragaman reptil dilakukan untuk mempelajari jenis-jenis reptil apa saja yang menempati habitat Sungai Elo, Sungai Bengawan Solo, Kota Surakarta, dan Kabupaten Magetan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama bulan Februari 2022 hingga bulan Maret 2022 dengan teknik Visual Encounter Survey (VES) atau teknik survei perjumpaan visual di empat lokasi pengamatan secara diurnal dan nokturnal. Total telah ditemukan 1 spesies dari Sungai Elo (Varanus salvator), 2 spesies dari Sungai Bengawan Solo (Varanus rudicollis dan Acrochordus granulatus), 2 spesies dari Kota Surakarta (Calotes versicolor dan Eutropis multifasciata) dan 1 spesies dari Kabupaten Magetan (Lygosoma quadrupes). Hasil analisis diperoleh nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener pada Sungai Elo dan Kabupaten Magetan sebesar 0; pada Sungai Bengawan Solo sebesar 0,4506; dan pada Kota Surakarta sebesar 0,6518 sehingga termasuk dalam kategori keanekaragaman yang rendah
Prevalensi Ektoparasit Pada Kucing di Klinik Hewan Winadivet Malang
Full text linkAbstractCats are domesticated animals whose existence is very close to humans. Maintenance of the wrong cat will cause the risk of zoonotic diseases. to humans caused by ectoparasites. Ectoparasites in cats are fleas, mites, and fleas. Information regarding the prevalence of ectoparsite infestation in cats can be used as a preventive measure. The purpose of this final report is to explain the prevalence of ectoparasites in cats at the Winadivet Animal Clinic in Malang. Prevalence sample examination was carried out on 156 cats divided into 7 breeds, namely Domestic, Persian, Bengal, British Short Hair, Peaknose, Anggora, Himalayan who came to the clinic during April 2021. Examination was carried out macroscopically and microscopically, microscopic method using native method. The results of the examination found 45 cats that were positively infected with ectoparasites, namely the Ctenocephalides felis flea, Felicola subrostatus fleas, Otodectes cynotis mites, and Sarcoptes scabei. The prevalence of infestation obtained was 28.8%. The highest prevalence of ectoparasites in purebred cats is in domestic cats with a prevalence value of Ctenocephalides felis 12.7%, Felicola Subrostatus 5.1%, Otodectes cynotis 3.2%, Sarcoptes scabei 0.6%. Factors that influence the high prevalence are environment, temperature, humidity, maintenance, and direct contact from infected animals
Analisis Vegetasi Tegakan Pohon Di Kawasan Hutan Kota Bukit Langkisau Painan, Pesisir Selatan
Full text linkUrban forest management must adapt to urban development and aspects of urban life so that the availability and management of key lands in the development of urban forests and the presence of vegetation as the driving element, one of which is trees. This study aims to determine the composition and structure of tree stands in the Bukit Langkisau Painan City Forest, Pesisir Selatan. The method used was purposive sampling with a plot size of 20 m x 60 m with a sub plot of 10 x 10 m for level 12 plots of trees each. It was found that the vegetation composition of tree stands were 10 families, 12 genera, 13 species, and 27 individuals with the dominant family Myrtaceae and the co-dominant families Meliaceae, and sapindaceae. The highest significance value was found in Syzygium racemosum with a value of 43.399 % and the lowest significance index was found in the species Xerospermum noronhianum with 9.298 %. The diversity index (H') is 2,439 which indicates that species diversity classified to moderate. Keyword: bukit langkisau, composition, structure, urban fores
Inventarisasi Tumbuhan yang Berpotensi Penghasil Minyak Atsiri dari Famili Lamiaceae di Sumatera Barat Berbasis Spesimen Herbarium
Full text linkLamiaceae is an important plant family that inhabits various ecosystems and has great diversity, is considered a cosmopolitan plant and has an important role in pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences because of its essential oil content in almost every species. This research was focused on identify plant species from the Lamiacecae family that potential as essential oil producer in West Sumatra with their distribution based on ANDA Herbarium specimens. Data was collected use the herbarium method and literature study to determine the potential of each species. The results showed in the ANDA Herbarium were 45 species from 20 genera, which dominated by species that have the potential to produce essential oils as many as 23 species, followed by species that had not explore for their essential oil content as 11 species and commercial species, 9 species. Species from most Lamiaceae family were potentially as essential oil producer found in Padang city administrative area. Keywords: Cosmopolitan, genera, commercial, distribution, potentia
Keanekaragaman Vegetasi Pada Habitat Yang Terinvasi Tumbuhan Invasif Di Hutan Kota Bukit Langkisau Painan, Sumatra Barat
Full text linkThe presence of invasive plants in a habitat will cause significant disturbances, especially in decreasing the abundance of biodiversity. The high competitiveness of invasive species causes native species to lose in competition. Invasive species have spread in many places, one of which is in the Bukit Langkisau City Forest. However, data on the types of weeds and vegetation types in the habitats invaded by weeds in the Bukit Langkisau City Forest are not yet available. Vegetation analysis was carried out in the Bukit Langkisau Painan City Forest, West Sumatra. The study used a survey method by laying out plots by purposive sampling, which made 15 plots at each level of vegetation. The plot is 10 x 10 m for observation of tree-level vegetation, the plot is 5 x 5 m for sapling vegetation and for understorey vegetation the plot is 2 x 2 m. The results of the vegetation analysis recorded 87 species of which there were 32 invasive species. The dominant families were found such as Fabaceae family, Meliaceae for tree level, Piperaceae for sapling level and Poaceae for understorey level. The highest Importance Value Index for tree vegetation, sapling and understorey was found in the invasive species Swietenia macrophylla (IVI = 44.69%), Piper aduncum (IVI = 85.08%), and Imperata cylindrica (IVI = 33.67%). The Vegetation Diversity Index in the Bukit Langkisau City Forest is the tree level (1.90), sapling (1.26) and understorey (1.78) which are all classified as moderate. KEYWORDSPlant invasive, urban forest, composition, structure, diversity inde
SEBARAN SPASIAL FITOPLANKTON PENYEBAB HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS (HABs) PADA PERAIRAN PESISIR KOTA PADANG, SUMATERA BARAT
Full text linkHarmful Algal Blooms (HABs) sering terjadi di kawasan pesisir laut. Sebaran spasial fitoplankton dapat menunjukkan area terjadinya HABs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran spasial berdasarkan komposisi dan struktur fitoplankton penyebab Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) pada perairan pesisir Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive random sampling dengan lokasi sampling sebanyak 6 lokasi (Muara Sungai Sungai Pisang, Muara Sungai Batang Arau, Muara Sungai Banda Bakali, Muara Sungai Batang Kuranji, Muara Sungai Batang Air Dingin, Muara Sungai Batang Kandis). Berdasarkan Penelitian didapatkan 338 spesies, 12 kelas, 85 famili fitoplankton dengan indeks keanekaragaman tergolong tinggi (H’= 3,026), penyebaran spesies merata (E = 0,520), serta tidak ada spesies yang dominan (C = 0,156). Dari semua lokasi penelitian ditemukan sebanyak 25 spesies fitoplankton berpotensi penyebab Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) yang tergolong dalam 4 kelas (Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae,Cyanophyceae, dan Dinophyceae) dan merupakan kelompok toxin producer dan red tide maker. Adapun spesies fitoplankton berpotensi penyebab HABs dengan kepadatan paling tinggi dan ditemukan pada setiap lokasi penelitian adalah Blixaea quinquecornis dan Trichodesmium erythraeum. Dengan demikian, perairan pesisir di Kota Padang berpotensi untuk terjadinya fenomena Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)
Ekspolarasi dan Karakterisasi Morfologi Jamur Makroskopis di Kawasan Hutan Adat Bukit Selebu, Kabupaten Merangin beserta Klasifikasi Potensinya Menggunakan K-Nearest Neighbors
Full text linkFungi are one of Indonesia's potential natural resources which contain various benefits for human life. The existence of macroscopic fungi is not yet well known so that little information about the types and their benefits is known to local people. In fact, information about species of fungi is very important because fungi have economic value and are producers for the food and pharmaceutical sectors. Populations of macroscopic fungi can disappear due to climate change and environmental factors, therefore, it is necessary to collect data on the species of macroscopic fungi. One way to detect the species of fungus is to classify it based on the morphological characteristics of the fungus with K-Nearest Neighbor. The aim of this research is to explore and identify the morphological characteristics of fungi using K-Nearest Neighbor as a classifier found in the Bukit Selebu traditional forest area, Merangin Regency. It is hoped that the results of this research can be the first step in efforts to utilize fungi through further research. This research was carried out in the Bukit Selebu traditional forest area, Merangin Regency and identification continued at the Biology Laboratory of Merangin University. Then the data on the species of fungi found were analyzed using k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN). The results of this research are that there are 27 species of fungi found in the Bukit Selebu traditional forest area, Merangin Regency, consisting of 3 species of Ascomycota divisions and 24 species of Basidiomycota divisions. The K-Nearest Neighbor method is very good in classifying fungi through the extraction of morphological characteristics with the highest accuracy reaching 93%