Jurnal Biologi UNAND
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Assessing Bird Diversity and Birdwatching Potential in the Area of Sungkai Green Park Ecotourism, Padang City
Full text linkKawasan Ekowisata Taman Hijau Sungkai (ESGP) memiliki berbagai jenis vegetasi yang berpotensi menjadi habitat bagi beragam spesies burung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai keanekaragaman burung dan potensi pengembangan kegiatan pengamatan burung di kawasan ESGP. Inventarisasi spesies burung dan pengamatan karakteristik morfologi dilakukan melalui pengamatan langsung dan fotografi. Pengamatan dilakukan pada pagi dan sore hari dari Mei hingga Juni 2024 di sepanjang jalur pemantauan. Daftar MacKinnon 10 spesies digunakan untuk menghitung akumulasi spesies burung yang tercatat selama studi lapangan. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi 52 spesies burung dari 25 famili dan 11 ordo, dengan total 893 penampakan selama 90 jam (9,92 individu/jam). Berdasarkan penilaian potensi pengamatan burung menggunakan kriteria status fisik, ekologi, dan konservasi, direkomendasikan sepuluh spesies burung sebagai target utama kegiatan pengamatan burung: Rangkong Karangan Karangan, Barbet Berwarna-warni, Elang Elang yang Dapat Diubah, Iora Biasa, Pelatuk Buff-rumped, Merpati Zamrud, Burung Matahari Tenggorokan Coklat, Burung Matahari Merah, Burung Matahari Polos, dan Jalak Glossy Asia. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman spesies, daya tarik burung, dan status konservasi di kawasan ESGP dapat mendukung pengembangan kegiatan pengamatan burun
Kerapatan Stomata pada Daun Mangga (Mangifera indica) di Kawasan PT Semen Gresik Pabrik Tuban Kecamatan Kerek Kabupaten Tuban
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine the density of stomata and stomatal structure on Mango leaves in each ring of the cement factory area. The research is descriptive analysis. Sampling was done through a random survey in the Indonesian cement industry Tuban factory which was divided into 3 rings, namely Ring 1 Ring 2 and Ring 3. The parameters observed were stomatal density and damage. The results showed that the density of stomata in Ring 1 showed a percentage of 0.162 which showed a low density while Ring 2 was 371, 91 which showed a medium density and Ring 3 was 449.07 which showed a medium density. The results presented in Table 2 on the level of stomatal damage show a difference in the percentage of stomatal damage on mango leaves (Mangifera indica) located in Ring 1 and Ring 2. In stomata in Ring 1 with a greater percentage of stomatal damage, which is 34.7% compared to stomatal damage to mango leaves located in Ring 2 by 20.7% and Ring 3 by 11%. The conclusion of this study shows that the density and damage to the stomata of mango leaves (Mangifera indica) can be influenced by the concentration of pollutants. the level of density and stomatal damage in the Semen Indonesia Tuban area shows that the closer to the factory area the higher the level of air pollution which causes the nearest area to have high stomatal damage and high stomatal density
Keanekaragaman Anatomi Epidermis Daun dan Indeks Stomata Jepun Cenana Plumeria alba var. cendana Berdasarkan Lingkungan Tumbuhnya di Bali Utara
No full textPlumeria sp atau Frangipani atau Kamboja adalah tanaman yang hidup di daerah Tropis. Di Bali tanaman ini mudah ditemukan, baik di dataran rendah maupun dataran tinggi. Salah satu spesies yaitu Plumeria alba var cendana atau dikenal masyarakat Bali sebagai “Jepun Cenana†adalah yang paling sering dijumpai. Penelitian studi anatomis kamboja varietas ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui adaptasi tanaman ini khususnya daun dalam menghadapi lingkungan di dataran tinggi dan di dataran rendah. Struktur anatomi daun yang diamati adalah stomata, yaitu indeks stomata dan porus stomata. Bagian daun yang digunakan adalah sisi adaksial dan abaksial. Indeks stomata sebagai indikator kerapatan stomata yang dihitung dengan membandingkan jumlah spesies dengan jumlah keseluruhan sel pada jaringan epidermis. Indeks stomata berkaitan erat dengan proses pertukaran udara dan transpirasi tumbuhan. Dari rata – rata penghitungan diperoleh nilai indeks stomata daun pada bagian abaksial daun Plumeria alba var cendana adalah 0.149, sedangkan untuk daun tanaman yang berasal dari dataran rendah adalah 0.448. Dengan jumlah stomata pada bagian abaksial daun dari dataran tinggi adalah 15% dari total sel, dan jumlah stomata pada bagian abaksial daun dari dataran rendah adalah 45%
Dampak Sosial Ekonomi Konflik Manusia dengan Gajah di Kantong Habitat Giam Siak Kecil Provinsi Riau
Full text linkGajah sumatra adalah salah satu sub spesies gajah asia yang masih hidup di Indonesia, Sub spesies ini masuk kategori sangat terancam punah (critically endangered) menurut IUCN. Kawasan hutan sebagai home range gajah pada saat ini banyak berubah fungsi menjadi lahan perkebunan, pemukiman dan jalan, menyebabkan terjadinya konflik gajah dengan manusia. Dampak konflik gajah dan manusia tidak jarang menimbulkan kerugian-kerugian baik dari pihak manusia maupun gajah. Salah satu daerah yang sering terjadi konflik gajah adalah Giam Siak Kecil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Mengumpulkan informasi mengenai kondisi masyarakat, pengetahuan, dampak ekonomi, sikap, perilaku dan pandangan, serta informasi mengenai sebaran gajah sumatra, intensitas dan mitigasi konflik gajah sumatra. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara menggunakan grid 5 x 5 km2, setiap grid terdiri dari tiga orang responden dengan kriteria minimal bertempat tinggal dua tahun di daerah tersebut. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Giam Siak Kecil pada umumnya mengetahui tentang gajah dikarenakan mayoritas masyarakat mempunyai pekerjaan sebagai petani dan gajah sering berada di wilayah perkebunan masyarakat yang mengakibatkan konflik antara masyarakat dan gajah. Masyarakat Giam Siak Kecil umumnya memandang gajah sebagai satwa yang berbahaya dan hama untuk perkebunan. 67 orang yang diwawancarai terdapat 27 orang yang berdampak ekonomi dan 40 orang tidak berdampak. Sebaran gajah sumatra di Giam Siak Kecil meliputi 14 desa, intensitas konflik gajah dengan manusia tahun 2022 sebanyak 19 kali. Masyarakat Giam Siak kecil pada umumnya berniat untuk hidup berdampingan dengan gajah
Identification of Ectoparasites on Aglaonema sp. in Ngerong Village, Pasuruan City with Visual Encounter Methods
Full text linkOrnamental plants are plants that are used as decoration. One of the ornamental plants is Aglaonema sp. known as Sri Rejeki. It is enjoyed as an ornamental plant in terms of leaf pattern. However, Aglaonema has harmful ectoparasites. The aim of this study was to determine and identify ectoparasites in Aglaonema plants using the Visual Encounter method, and to analyze the role and solutions for the presence of ectoparasites in Aglaonema. Research observations were carried out for approximately three weeks from April to May 2022. Six individuals Aglaonema were used as samples. Observation was done by using the visual encounter method which was carried out once a week in the morning, afternoon, and evening with a total of three time observations (15 minutes each) at each time. Measurement of abiotic factors includes temperature, humidity, and weather. The results were used to determine the important value index (IVI) and Shannon-Wiener Index (H’). All identified organisms were arthropods (insects). There were five identified families: Pseudococcidae, Coccidae, Formicidae, Chironomidae, and Muscidae. Pseudococcidae and Coccidae were the insect families that are confirmed as ectoparasites for plants. The solution for prevention or termination of ectoparasite is by replacing the invaded plant away from healthy plants, removing the infected parts of plant, and/or placing refugia plant for habitat of ectoparasite’s natural enemies. Â
Physical Growth and Sexual Maturation of Subsistence Population in Padaido Island Papua
Full text linkPhysical growth and sexual maturity are two important events in the childhood phase. Measurement and assessment of development of body size is the best ways to understand the adaptive respond when face enviromental challenges of the traditional population. Several populations show that girls and boys tend to show varying ages and rates of growth and sexual maturity. The aim of this study was to study the growth patterns of height, weight and age at menarche in children of the Biak tribe in the Padaido Islands Region, Biak Regency, Papua Province. Cross-sectional research was designed to the children consisting of 130 boys and 153 girls. In order to determine the age at menarche using the status quo method. Â The growth curve was analyzed using the Generalized Linear Model for Location, Shape and Scale (GAMLSS) model and the age of menarche was analyzed using the Probit-GLM analysis. Although geographic condition of Padaido island was isolated, the infrastructure and sosioeconomic conditions were indequate, however the age at menarche of Padaido girls (13,2 years) was included in the same category as the age at menarche nationally. The physical growth curve (height and weight) for girls exceeds that of boys before and during menarche, then decreases after menarche. This pattern is in line with previous research that girls have a larger stature at puberty because they accumulate body fat in preparation for menarche and the development of secondary sex characteristics. The environmental challenges have implications for the limited availability of energy to regulate maximum skeletal growth achieved at a young age, while the development of fat mass is achieved more slowly after sexual maturity. This describes a shift that deviates from the normal growth and development of the body.
Population Study Of The Amorphophallus titanum Becc In Sumatera
No full textAmorphophallus has 176 species spread throughout the world, 25 of which are found in Indonesia. Of the 25 species found in Indonesia, 8 of them are endemic to Sumatra. One type of Amorphophallus found on the island of Sumatra is Amorphophallus titanum, whose survival in its natural habitat is threatened by deforestation and forest degradation. As an endemic plant, A. titanum is also more vulnerable to anthropogenic threats and environmental change, and therefore faces a greater risk of extinction than more widespread species. To prevent species extinction and as a form of biodiversity conservation, information is needed that presents the population status of A. titanum in its natural habitat. This article aims to provide information about the population of corpse flowers (Amorphophallus titanum Becc) in Sumatra. The research method used is a literature review. Data was obtained from journals and articles published from 2005 to 2023. Based on research conducted, it is known that A. titanum is often found in Bengkulu, Lampung, Jambi, North Sumatra and West Sumatra. The highest population of A. titanum is in Muara Hemat Village, South Kerinci Resort, Kerinci Seblat National Park, Jambi, with a total of 83 individuals. In Bengkulu, A. titanum is found in several locations; in KHDTK (Forest Areas with Special Purposes) as many as 64 individuals. At Ketapang Water, Jufi Hill and Datar Lebar Waterfall there were 56 individuals. In the Mount IV Kepahiang Nature Reserve there are 56 individuals. In Tebat Monok, Air Selimang and Palak Siring the number is 52 individuals. Meanwhile in North Sumatra, specifically in the Sibolangit Nature Reserve, Sibolangit Nature Reserve, Dolok Sipirok Nature Reserve, and Namo Suro Baru Village, 32 individuals were found. In Palupuah, Agam Regency, and South Solok, West Sumatra, there are 24 individuals, and also in the Liwa Botanical Gardens, Lampung, there are 4 individuals
Keanekaragaman Kumbang (Coleoptera) di Kawasan Wisata Alam Danau Tangkas, Provinsi Jambi
Full text linkKumbang (Coleoptera) berperan dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem. Misalnya sebagai dekomposer dan bioindikator kerusakan habitat. Penyebaran spesies Coleoptera di berbagai tipe habitat salah satunya di kawasan perairan. Danau Tangkas yang terletak di Desa Tanjung Lanjut, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi menjadi habitat habitat yang kondusif untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangbiakan kumbang. Sebagai kawasan wisata, Danau Tangkas berpotensi mengalami perubahan yang dapat berdampak pada keanekaragaman kumbang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan kumbang yang terdapat di kawasan Wisata Alam Danau Tangkas. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling pada 4 titik lokasi yang berbeda. Dibuat 4 plot dengan ukuran 10 x 10 meter. Koleksi sampel menggunakan pitfall trap, light trap, sweep net, hand collecting dan floathing method. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh sebanyak 868 individu, 16 spesies dan 10 famili Coleoptera. Sehingga diketahui tingkat keanekaragaman spesies Coleoptera di kawasan Danau Tangkas tergolong sedang dengan nilai sebesar 2,52. Kelimpahan relatif spesies yang tertinggi yaitu Altica chalybea dengan nilai sebesar 15,32%
Identification Of Intestinal Worms On Horses At The Cipanas Presidential Palace Using The Flotation Method
Full text linkThe Cipanas Presidential Palace has local horses with sandalwood and sumbawa types that are used as riding horses and decorative horses to beautify the palace. The horses are kept by being stabled in the afternoon until morning, and being let out in the morning until evening. This maintenance method certainly carries a risk of gastrointestinal worm infection and often worm infections in horses do not cause clinical symptoms. The purpose of the study was to identify the types of gastrointestinal worms that infect horses at the Cipanas Presidential Palace. This study used fecal samples from 26 horses that were examined using the flotation method. The results of the examination showed that 24 samples were positive for strongylid worm eggs. The percentage of worm infection in horses at the Cipanas Presidential Palace was 92.3%. The findings of Strongylid worm eggs are oval with thin walls and have morula like grapes. Adult worms that have Strongylid worm eggs are Strongylus vulgaris. The cause of horses being infected with worms is due to being let out too early, giving wet grass that is not wilted, and storing wet grass in a damp warehouse. Based on the research above, it was concluded that local horses at the Cipanas Presidential Palace were infected with Strongylus vulgaris worms
Inventarisasi Jenis Cyperaceae di Sumatera Barat Berbasis Spesimen di Herbarium Andalas (ANDA)
No full textFamili Cyperaceae merupakan famili terbesar ketiga dari kelas monokotil. Jenis-jenis dari famili ini bersifat kosmopolit yang dapat ditemukan dimana saja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis Cyperaceae yang terdapat di Sumatera Barat dan distribusi jenis-jenis Cyperaceae di Sumatera Barat. Metode pengambilan data mengikuti metode herbarium dan data diperoleh berbasis spesimen Herbarium ANDA yang telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga bulan Juli 2021. Dari hasil penelitian, didapatkan 76 spesies dari 20 genus dalam 2 subfamili. Cyperus procerus merupakan jenis new occurrence untuk wilayah Sumatera, sedangkan Cyperus sphacelatus, Eleocharis pellucida, Fimbristylis fusca, Mapania sumatrana, Pycreus pumilus dan Scleria lithosperma new occurrence untuk wilayah Sumatera Barat. Secara administratif pada tingkat kabupaten dan kota, jenis yang paling tinggi ditemukan di Kota Padang dan paling sedikit dari Kota Solok dan Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai. Cyperus cyperoides merupakan jenis yang paling umum atau dominan ditemukan di daerah-daerah yang ada di Sumatera Barat. Secara altitudinal jenis Cyperaceae paling banyak ditemukan di zona low elevation hills dan paling sedikit ditemukan pada zona pegunungan atas atau puncak gunung (tropical uppermontane and subalpine)