Jurnal Biologi UNAND
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Analisis Vegetasi Gulma Pada Perkebunan Gambir (Uncaria gambir (HUNTER) Roxb) Di Kampung Penurunan Nagari Kayu Gadang, Kecamatan Sutera, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan
Get PDFThe research on vegetation analysis of weed in palm oil plantation (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb) in Penurunan village, Nagari Kayu Gadang, Sutera, Pesisir Selatan has been conducted from February to April 2013 by using 1 x 1 m 20 plots of purposive quadrate method. The result showed that weed composition in gambir plantation consisted of 15 families, 28 genera and 31 spesies while Index diversity of weed was H’ = 2.54. Axonophus compressus has the highest SDR (Summed Dominance Ratio) 23.02% while Eleusine indica has the lowest SDR 0.40% (2 individuals) in gambir plantation.Keywords : Vegetation analysis, weed, gambir, quadrate method, plo
Inventarisasi Spesies Serangga pada Bunga Clerodendrum paniculatum L. (Lamiaceae)
Get PDFA species inventory of insects visited flowering trees of Clerodendrum paniculatum has been conducted at two locations, low land (Bungus Teluk Kabung, Padang, 0-5 m asl.) and high land (Bukittinggi, 813-1013 m asl.). This study used scan sampling and direct collection methods. Insects were identified at the Laboratory of Animal Taxonomy, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Andalas University, Padang. There were totally 28 species of insects that belong to 19 genera, 10 families and three orders that actively visited the flowers. Lepidoptera was the most common insect visited the flower followed by Hymenoptera and Diptera only by one species.Keyword : insects, inventory, flower, Clerodendrum paniculatum
Karakterisasi Struktur Anatomi Kayu Pada Beberapa Genus Dalam Famili Sapindaceae Di Sumatera Barat
Get PDFAnatomical structure characterization of some wood genus of Sapindaceae in West Sumatra was conducted from May to October 2015 with survey and direct observation method. Cluster analysis conducted using PAST program to determine relationship among genus investigate on present study. The woods of nine genus namely Filicium, Nephelium, Pometia, Guioa, Xerospermum, Sapindus, Harpullia, Lepisanthes and Mischocarpus were analyzed. All of i.e, character vessels, parenchyma, rays and fibre morphology were analyzed by using permanent slide based on Sass (1958) procedured. The results showed all of woods have same type of porous namely diffuse porous. Type of vessel distribution namely soliter in Xerospermum and multiple in Filicium, Nephelium, Pometia, Guioa, Sapindus, Harpullia, Lepisanthes and Mischocarpus. Xylem parenchym type namely apotracheal in Pometia and Lepisanthes and paratracheal in Filicium, Nephelium, Guioa, Xerospermum, Sapindus, Harpullia and Mischocarpus. Rays type namely uniseriate type in Nephelium, Pometia, Sapindus, Harpullia and Lepisanthes and multiseriate type in Filicium, Guioa, Xerospermum and Mischocarpus. Rays composition namely heterocellular in Filicium, Sapindus, Harpullia and Nephelium and homocellular in Mischocarpus, Lepisanthes, Pometia, Xerospermum and Guioa. Fiber size is long chategory in Nephelium genus, medium in Filicium, Xerospermum, Harpullia and Lepisanthes, and short chategory in Pometia, Sapindus, Guioa, and Mischocarpus. Cluster analysis showed up among genus present of two cluster namely uniseriate rays cluster and multiseriate rays cluster. Both the cluster genus member showed clustering tightly except Nephelium genus weakly clustering in the multiseriate cluster do to have different fiber size chategory from the other genus. The character of woods using at present study useful as additional character of morphologically data to determine of genus taxa.Keywords : anatomical structure, family Sapindaceae, permanent slide, relationshi
Komposisi dan Struktur Zooplankton di Danau Singkarak
Get PDFThe research about compotition and structure community of zooplankton in lake Singkarak has been done from March 2013 until May 2013. This study used purposive method and zooplankton sampling was done by using vertical filtering from 10 stations. The results shown that there were 16 species zooplankton with Crustacea (8 species), Protozoa (3 species) and Rotifera (5 species). Average population density of zooplankton were 32.43 ind./l with varying type on each station. Diversity index were 0.79-1.52 and highest was found at station II and IX (H’=1.73) and lowest was found at station IV (H’=1.73). Equitability index was 0.32-0.91% higest was found at station X (E=0.91) and lowest was found at station IV (E=0.32). Similarity index was 31.25-76.92%. Based on the diversity index of zooplankton show that the community was relatively stable.
Key words : Singkarak, Zooplankton, Structure, Composition, Communit
Aktivitas Antifungal Minyak Atsiri Cymbopogon nardus L. dan Elettariopsis slahmong Lim. Terhadap Jamur Colletotrichum sp. yang Menyerang Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
Get PDFGenerally the essential oils are antibacterial and antifungal. Cymbopogon nardus which is included in Graminae family commonly produced an essential oil. Another plant Elettariopsis slahmong which is known contains essential oils derived from Zingiberaceae family has not been commonly used. This plant is only used as a spice and salads in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. A study about antifungal activity of essential oil of citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus L.) and elettariopsis slahmong Lim. against Colletotrichum sp. on Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) was conducted since March to May 2013 in the Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Andalas University. This study used experimental method with three dose treatments and three replications for each kind of essential oils. The essential oils were distillated from Cymbopogon nardus and Elettariopsis slahmong. The treatments used 250, 500 and 750 ppm of essential oils. This study found that Cymbopogon nardus could be a potential antifungal prevent Colletotrichum sp. The higher dose was the better preventive effect. There was no effect of Elettariopsis slahmong on Colletotrichum sp.Keywords: essential oil, Cymbopogon nardus, Elettariopsis slahmong, antifunga
Efektivitas Media Tanam Untuk Perbanyakan Spora Glomus Hasil Isolasi dari Rizosfer Pternandra echinata Jack.
Get PDFThe study about effectivity of growth medium for multiplication Glomus spores isolated from the rhizosphere Pternandra echinata Jack. has been conducted from February to November 2013 in the greenhouse and Plant Physiology Research Laboratory Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science Andalas University. The aims of the study to determine the appropriate type of media for multiplication Glomus isolated from rhizosphere Ptenandra echinata. The study used a Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments and 9 replications. The treatment consists of the type of media used are sand, zeolite, and zeolite sand. The results showed that statistically media used gives a significantly different effect on the increase in plant height and number of leaves. Meanwhile the spore density and dry weight of the spores will show results that are not significantly different. Percentage of degree infection maize in all growth medium showed high criteria. Generally, the growth medium sand, zeolite, zeolite sand effective for spore multiplication glomus isolated from Pternandra echinata Jack.Keywords : Effectivity, Glomus, Growth Mediu
Analisis Sudut ATD pada Narapidana
Get PDFResearch on dermatoglifi and ratio 2D: 4D has been done in April to June 2013 by Stratified Random method for inmates and Random Simple (Simple Random Sampling) for non-inmates. Data processing is carried out in the Laboratory of Cytology and Genetics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Andalas University in Padang, West Sumatra.Keywords: dermatoglifi, fingerprint patterns, inmate
Inventarisasi Semut yang Ditemukan pada Perkebunan Buah Naga Lubuk Minturun, Kota Padang dan Ketaping, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat
Get PDFAn inventory of ants from dragon fruit plantation at Lubuk Minturun and Ketaping, West Sumatra was made from July to September 2013 by using modified Quadra Protocol methods including honey bait trap, soil core sampling and direct collection. Twelve species of ants that belong to four subfamilies, 10 genera and 2807 individuals were collected from both locations. The highest number of species was found in Myrmicinae (four species), followed by Dolichoderinae (three species), Formicinae (three species) and the lowest number of species was found in Ponerinae (one species). Each species was described based on morphological characteristics.Keywords: ant, inventory, dragon fruit plantation, quadra protocol metho
Efektivitas Beberapa Insektisida Aerosol Terhadap Kecoak Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera; Blattellidae) Strain VCRU-WHO, GFA-JKT DAN PLZ-PDG Dengan Metode Semprot
Get PDFWe examined the effectiveness of some insecticide aerosols to German cockroaches. This experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Physiology Department of Biology, Andalas University from July to October 2013. Animal subjects were three strains of German cockroaches, namely GFA-JKT from Jakarta, PLZ-PDG from Padang and VCRU-WHO from School of Biological Sciences, University Sains Malaysia. Those subjects were treated using spray method of five brands of commercial insecticides found in the market, namely ByWS, HtWS, MtWS, RdWS and VpWS. We analyzed  knockdown and lethal times using probit analysis. The effectiveness were evaluated based on running time to achieve the knockdown and lethal. The results showed that knockdown time (KT90) of ByWS, HtWS, MtWS, RdWS and VpWS were effective for VCRU-WHO and GFA-JKT strains and the only HtWS and RdWS were effective for PLZ-PDG strain. Based on the the lethal time (LT90)  there was no single insecticide effective to kill cockroach.Kata kunci: Blattella germanica, commercial insecticide, Spray Method, Knockdown
Pengurangan Masa Stratifikasi dengan Penambahan Hormon GA3 Pada Perkecambahan Benih Stroberi (Fragaria x annanassa (Weston) Duchesne)
Get PDFAn experiment on the reduction of stratification period with addition of GA3 hormone to strawberry (Fragaria x annanassa (Weston) Duchesne) seeds germination has been done from December 2013 to February 2014 in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Andalas University, Padang. The experiment aimed to reduce the stratification period and determine the reliable concentration of GA3 on strawberries seeds germination. The experiment was conducted by using Split Plot Design which consisted of stratification levels (0 week, 1 week and 2 weeks) as main plots, while GA3 consentration (0 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 75 ppm) as sub plots. The results from that 25 ppm GA3 combined to 0 week showed the best acceleration to  the emergence of sprouts, increased the number of seed germinations and sprouts length but did not significantly affected to the length of time required for the germination.Key word :GA3, germination, stratification, strawberr