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Effectiveness of a school-based health education program to improve the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in high school girls in Ilam
No full textBACKGROUND: The premenstrual syndrome happens periodically and affects both the individual and family. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the health education program on reducing premenstrual syndrome in high school girls in Ilam.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This experimental study was conducted in girls' high schools in Ilam, in 2017-2018. In total, 120 students were enrolled in the study (intervention group = 61 and control group = 59) and selected through convenience sampling. In this study, a standard Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) was used to diagnose students with premenstrual syndrome or Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD). The educational program for the intervention group was held in four sessions of 30 min for 4 consecutive weeks. The obtained data were analyzed by the SPSS statistical software at a significance level of less than 0.05.RESULTS: The results showed a significant difference in the proportion of cases with moderate and severe PMS and PMDD between intervention and control groups in follow-up (P < 0.001). However, these proportions were not significantly different between the two groups in the baseline.CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, the educational program can be recommended as an effective intervention for girls with moderate-to-severe premenstrual symptoms and premenstrual dysphoric disorder
The impact of ACE2 polymorphisms (rs1978124, rs2285666, and rs2074192) and ACE1 rs1799752 in the mortality rate of COVID-19 in different SARS-CoV-2 variants
No full textBackgroundClinical severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outcomes could be influenced by genetic polymorphisms in angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE1) and ACE2. This study aims to examine three polymorphisms (rs1978124, rs2285666, and rs2074192) on the ACE2 gene and ACE1 rs1799752 (I/D) in patients who have coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with various SARS-CoV-2 variants.MethodsBased on polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping, four polymorphisms in the ACE1 and ACE2 genes have been identified in 2023 deceased patients and 2307 recovered patients.ResultsThe ACE2 rs2074192 TT genotype was associated with the COVID-19 mortality in all three variants, whereas the CT genotype was associated with the Omicron BA.5 and Delta variants. ACE2 rs1978124 TC genotypes were related to COVID-19 mortality in the Omicron BA.5 and Alpha variants, but TT genotypes were related to COVID-19 mortality in the Delta variant. It was found that ACE2 rs2285666 CC genotypes were associated with COVID-19 mortality in Delta and Alpha variants, and CT genotypes in Delta variants. There was an association between ACE1 rs1799752 DD and ID genotypes in the Delta variant and COVID-19 mortality, whereas there was no association in the Alpha or Omicron BA.5 variants. In all variants of SARS-CoV-2, CDCT and TDCT haplotypes were more common. In Omicron BA.5 and Delta, CDCC and TDCC haplotypes were linked with COVID-19 mortality. In addition to COVID-19 mortality, the CICT, TICT, and TICC were significantly correlated.ConclusionThe ACE1/ACE2 polymorphisms had an impact on COVID-19 infection, and these polymorphisms had different effects in various SARS-CoV-2 variants. To confirm these results, however, more research needs to be conducted
Reasons for kidney transplant refusal among patients receiving peritoneal dialysis: A qualitative study
No full textBackground: Even though kidney transplantation has better outcomes compared to dialysis therapies, some patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) refuse to consider kidney transplantation. Identification of the underlying reason for patient refusal may improve patients' acceptance of kidney transplantation. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the reasons given by Iranian PD patients for refusing kidney transplantation. Method: Eighteen patients undergoing PD participated. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analysed using conventional qualitative content analysis. Results: The analysis leads to the emergence of two categories and six subcategories: negative outcomes of kidney transplantation (financial burden, psychosocial problems and physical complications) and doubtful factors for kidney transplantation (negative attitudes towards kidney transplantation, long waiting time for kidney transplantation and compatibility of PD with daily life). The financial burden and long waiting time for kidney transplantation were the most important factors in the reluctance of kidney transplantation by PD patients. Implication for practice: Patients undergoing PD declined kidney transplantation for several reasons, such as financial burden, fear of post-transplantation side effects, long waiting time for kidney transplantation. Reducing the time of kidney transplantation and insurance coverage of transplant costs can change the attitude of PD patients towards transplant
Long non coding RNAs reveal important pathways in childhood asthma: a future perspective
No full textAsthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs refers changes that occur in conjunction with, or as a result of, chronic airway inflammation. Airway remodeling the subsequent of inflammation constitutes cellular and extracellular matrix changes in the wall airways, epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition and airway smooth muscle cell proliferation. Diseases often begin in childhood and despite extensive research, causative pathogenic mechanisms still remain unclear. Transcriptome analysis of childhood asthma reveals distinct gene expression profiles of Long noncoding RNAs which have been reported to play a central regulatory role in various aspects of pathogenesis, clinical course and treatment of asthma. We briefly review current understanding of lnc-RNA dysregulation in children with asthma, focusing on their complex role in the inflammation, cell proliferation and remodeling of airway to guide future researches. We found that the lnc-RNAs increases activity of several oncogenes such c-Myc, Akt, and ERK and various signaling pathways such as MAPK (PI3K, Ras, JNK and p38), NF-& kappa;B and Wnt and crosstalk between these pathways by TGF & beta;, & beta;-catenin, ERK and SKP2. Moreover, two different signal transduction pathways, Wnt and Notch1, can be activated by two lnc-RNAs through sponging the same miRNA for exacerbation cell proliferation
Global status of phenotypic pyrazinamide resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textPyrazinamide (PZA) is an essential first-line tuberculosis drug for its unique mechanism of action active against multidrug-resistant-TB (MDR-TB). Thus, the aim of updated meta-analysis was to estimate the PZA weighted pooled resistance (WPR) rate in M. tuberculosis isolates based on publication date and WHO regions. We systematically searched the related reports in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase (from January 2015 to July 2022). Statistical analyses were performed using STATA software. The 115 final reports in the analysis investigated phenotypic PZA resistance data. The WPR of PZA was 57 (95 CI 48-65) in MDR-TB cases. According to the WHO regions, the higher WPRs of PZA were reported in the Western Pacific (32; 95 CI 18-46), South East Asian region (37; 95 CI 31-43), and the Eastern Mediterranean (78; 95 CI 54-95) among any-TB patients, high risk of MDR-TB patients, and MDR-TB patients, respectively. A negligible increase in the rate of PZA resistance were showed in MDR-TB cases (55 to 58). The rate of PZA resistance has been rising in recent years among MDR-TB cases, underlines the essential for both standard and novel drug regimens development
The relation between dietary quality and healthy eating index with bone mineral density in osteoporosis: a case-control study
No full textBackgroundIn this study, we aimed to illustrate the association between the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Dietary Quality Index (DQI) with bone mineral density (BMD) among postmenopausal Iranian women with osteoporosis compared to the healthy control.MethodsIn the current case-control study, 131 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and 131 healthy postmenopausal women participated. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck BMD. The subjects completed a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and then HEI and DQI were calculated based on the FFQ data. Crude and adjusted multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relation between HEI and DQI with the odds of the femoral and lumbar BMD.ResultsAccording to the results, participants in the last tertile of HEI were more likely to have higher femoral and lumbar BMD in the crude model (odds ratio (OR) = 0.38; 95 confidence interval (CI): 0.20-0.71 and OR = 0.20; 95 CI: 0.10-0.40, respectively) and also in the adjusted model (OR = 0.40; 95 CI: 0.20-0.78 and OR = 0.20; 95 CI: 0.10-0.41, respectively). Also, in terms of DQI-I, participants in the last tertile were more likely to have higher femoral and lumbar BMD in the crude model (OR = 0.23; 95 CI: 0.12-0.45 and OR = 0.29; 95 CI: 0.15-0.55, respectively) and also in the adjusted model (OR = 0.29; 95 CI: 0.14-0.58 and OR = 0.34; 95 CI: 0.17-0.67, respectively).ConclusionsThe results of the current study supported the hypothesis that high-quality diets with healthy patterns can be clinically effective in maintaining bone health. Thus, recommendations regarding the consumption of nutrient-rich food groups in a healthy diet can serve as a practical non-pharmacological strategy against osteoporosis
Correction to: Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum contaminations in poultry eggs: molecular surveillance in three different geographical regions of Iran (Food Safety and Risk, (2023), 10, 1, (3), 10.1186/s40550-023-00103-1)
No full textFollowing publication of the original article 1, the authors requested to update the affiliation of author Seyedeh Zahra Khademi to “Department of Biology, Payam Noor University (PNU), P.O. Box 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran” © 2023, The Author(s)
Correction: Relationship between Personality Disorders in Parents and Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents in Ilam, Iran (J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci (2023), 33, 220)
No full textIn the article published in volume 33, issue 220, 2023, the third author’s surname was incorrect. It should have been Yousef Veisani, also his affiliation was incorrect, which both are now corrected. © 2023, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved
Efficacy and safety of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) for COVID-19: A rapid review and meta-analysis
No full textThis study aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, medRxiv, and Google Scholar were searched to identify the relevant evidence up to November 10, 2022. The reference lists of key studies were also scanned to find additional records. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Cochrane tools for assessing the risk of bias. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 3.0 was employed for data analysis. Twenty-three studies involving 314 353 patients were included in the analysis. The findings of the meta-analysis showed a significant difference between the Paxlovid and no-Paxlovid groups in terms of mortality rate (odds ratio OR = 0.25; 95% confidence interval CI: 0.14-0.45), hospitalization rate (OR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.24-0.69), polymerase chain reaction negative conversion time (mean difference MD = -2.46; 95% CI: -4.31 to -0.61), and hospitalization or death rate (OR = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.06-0.46). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of COVID-19 rebound (OR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.67-1.04), emergency department visit (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.45-1.24), intensive care unit admission (OR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.13-1.01), and adverse events (OR = 2.20; 95% CI: 0.42-11.47). The results of the present study support the efficacy and safety of Paxlovid in the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Further research is needed to investigate the COVID-19 rebound after Paxlovid treatment