Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala ilmu Kedokteran)
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The association of acety/ation status with the occurrence of autonomic neuropathy: Diabetic neuropathy cases study
No full textBackground: Acetylation is a type of drug metabolism pathway. People can be divided into two groups: rapid acetylators, i.e. those who will acetylate drugs (chemical substances) rapidly, and slow acetylators, i.e. those who will acetylate drugs (chemical substances) slowly. Many studies reported that slow acetylator become more succeptable to certain diseases compared to rapid acetylators. Neuropathy might occur in diabetes mellitus, with the following symtoms mononeuropathy, symmetrical peripheral polyneuropathy and/or autonomic neuropathy.Objective: To study the association between acetylation status with the occurrence of autonomic neuropathy on diabetic neuropathy cases.Methods: An analytical descriptive study involving 140 patients of diabetic neuropathy was conducted at Sardjito Central General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Results: Schellong Test confirmed a definite sympatic neuropathy in 11 (7,9%) patients. The examination of acetylation status revealed that 68%' of patients were rapid acetylators, and 32% patients were slow acetylators. Among the patients with autonomic neuropathy, it was found that 64% were slowly acetylators, whereas only 36% were rapid acetylators. Among the patients without autonomic neuropathy, 30,5% were slowly acetylators, whrereas 69,5% were rapid acetylators: this distribution frequency was similar to the normal population.Conclusion: Slow acetylation status had significant association (p<0,05) with the occurrence of autonomic neuropathy. Key words: acetylation status - autonomic neuropathy - diabetic neuropathy - sympatic neuropathy - Schellong Test
Full term premature rupture of the membrane (PROM): Active management (AM) vs conservative management (CM)
No full textBackground: The management of premature rupture of the membrane (PROM) is one of the most controversial areas in obstetrics. In the case of full term PROM, the obstetrician is often faced with either immediate induction of labor with higher incidence of caesarean section or awaiting spontaneous labor with higher incidence of chorioamnionitis.Objective: To compare pregnancy outcomes between active management (AM) and conservative management (CM) in full term PROM.Methods: The study was carried out in randomized controlled trial at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University/Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Sixty full term PROM cases admitted to the hospital between July-December 1994 were randomly allocated into AM (n=30) and CM (n=30).Results: Caesarean section rate due to the failure of induction among AM group was significantly higher than those in CM group (p= 0.03). Maternal and perinatal infection were not statistically significant (p>0.50). The total number of newborn babies with asphyxia was higher in AM group but no statistical significant difference was found (p> 0.50).Conclusion: The conservative management of full term PROM was better compared to active management, especially when the outcome is caesarean section rate due to the failure of induction:Key words: PROM - active management - conservative management
Nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) staining on fibrocystic change of the breast.
No full textIn the past the fibrocystic change of breast was considered as a precancerous lesion, consequently the management of a fibrocystic patient was often overdone. Later, after thorough researches, it has been histologically (Page classification) proven that only small part of the changes have high risk to become invasive carcinoma. The leading factor which increases the risk is the grade of proliferation of the gland epithelia. AgNOR stain is a staining method to evaluate cell proliferation activity which has been proven as one of tools for the assessment of the prognosis of several malignant tumors including breast cancer. in this study the amount of AgNOR in fibrocystic change was studied based on Page classification. Nineteen fibrocystic cases classified by Page were stained with colloidal silver. NORs were counted manually. The mean of AgNOR of each classification, normal gland, and carcinoma was compared. There were significant differences of AgNOR count found between each classification, normal gland and carcinoma. The AgNOR count of non proliferative lesion were 2.074 ± 0.320, proliferative disease without atypia 2.416 ± 0.35, atypical hyperplasia 2.876 ± 0.249, normal gland 1.637 ± 0.330, and in carcinoma 4.407 ± 0.340. The result demonstrated that the AgNOR staining is a reliable marker for proliferation activity, and can differentiate atypical hyperplasia from carcinoma. The determination of AgNOR count can be done routinely to follow up and monitor the high risk lesions.Key words: fibrocystic change - Page classification - nucleolar organizer
Formazan ring method: a simple test for screening of glucoce-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency in the neonates
No full textGlucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, is an x-linked inherited disease which is responsible for episodic hemolytic anemia. The incidence correlates with the malarial epidemic in many area like Mediterranean, Africa and Asia including South East Asia.This paper reports a simple, cheap, traumatic, and reliable method screening test called formazan ring developed by Nishiyama. Among 145 new-born infants in this report the low enzyme activity was as high as 9(6.2%) Including 2(1.4%) G-6-PD deficiency.Key words: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency - x-linked inherited disease - formazan ring test - neonatal screenin
Developing and promoting community participation in the control of dengue haemorrhagic fever vectors
No full textDengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is caused by dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes aegypei and A e. albopictus mosquitoes. The absence of causative drugs and protective vaccines, therefore, indicates vector control measures as the only alternative for the disease abatement. Various methods of dengue vector control and of developing and promoting community participation in such activities are discussed. Key Words: dengue haemorrhagic fever — Aedes aegypti — Breteau Index — environmental sanitation — Rural Improvement Programm
Hubungan Antara Tekanan Darah Dan Ukuran-Ukuran Anthropometrik Sekelompok Anak sekolah Dasar di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
No full textThe relationship between blood pressure and body weight, body height and upper arm circumference was studied in 506 school children, consisting of 227 boys and 279 girls, aged 6-14 years. Blood pressure was measured by using mercury sphygmomanometer. measurements were conducted once in the sitting position, and the subjects were selected at random from 7 000 school children in the district of Sewon, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The results found showed that there are correlations between either systolic or diastolic blood pressure with body weight, body height and upper arm cir cumference, especially in the ages of 15 co 14 years. Key Words: blood pressure - anthropometric measurements - school children - nutrition —body mas
Patogenesis Diabetes Mellitus Tidak Bergantung Insulin (Non-/fain/in Dependent Diabetes Mellitus)
No full textThe paper described a Short review of mechanism of glucose intolerance in most non-innilin dependent diabetics which is now clear that is not caused by defect in insulin secretion.alone. Genetic predisposition, impaired glucose-mediated insulin secretion, excessive basal hepatiC gluciase production (HGP) and cellular resistance to insulin action have been docuthented in NIDDM:The increase in basal HGP is the primary factor responsible for fasting hyperglycemia, where as both insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and relative defective insulin secretion contribute to the impaired glucose disposal following oral or intravenous glucose administration. Both receptor and post-receptor defects contribute to the insulin resistance observed in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients.The heterogeneity' of NIDDM may present as insulin "resistant or insulin sensitive variety:Key Words: NIDDM -- insulin secretion --hepatic glucose produCtion -- insulin resistance type -- insulin sensitive type
Aspek-AspekPenyakit Perdarahan Dalam Praktek Pada Anak
No full textHemorrhagic diathesis in pediatrics, covering the mechanism of hemostasis and the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, is discussed.Hemorrhagic cases due to various causes are not uncommon in children. It is essential to understand aspects of hemorrhagic diathesis to be able to manage such cases efficiently. The diagnostic approach should be in an ordered fashion. By such a way and by understanding the principles of management, even with limited facilities, we can diagnose and treat many cases and at least recognize difficult cases and act appropriately before referring.Key Words: hemorrhagic diathesis - mechanism of hemostasis - hemophilia - purpura - hypoprothrombinemi
Perubahan-Perubahan Segmental pada Pertumbuhan Anak Perempuan Umur 7-10 Tahun di Yogyakarta
No full textThe growth in stature actually consists of segmental growth, because it could be divided into various segments, i. e.: head and neck, trunk, and upper and lower leg. All segments grow independently under their own velocity; the stature is the same as the sum of the length of all segments. The body width also grows at about equal'speed as the trunk.Four samples of girls, between seven to ten years of age, are taken from the collected data in the Department of Physical Anthropology, Gadjah Mada University Faculty of Medicine. The increment of body length is mainly caused by leg length between seven to eight and nine co ten years of age, and by the trunk length between eight to nine years of age.Key Words: segmental growth - stature - Indonesian children - trunk length - leg lengt
Penetapan Kadar Magnesium Di Dalam Serum Manusia
No full textTernyata dari percobaan yang dikerjakan di laboratorium kami didapatkan hasi-hasil repitabilitas dan precision yang cukup baik. Dalarn percobaan ini kami merasa bahwa data masih belum mencukupi, percobaan masih diteruskan dan hasii-hasilnya akan kami laporkan di kesempatan lain