Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala ilmu Kedokteran)
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Urinary tract infection in premature rupture of membrane (PROM): an academic hospital based study
No full textPremature rupture of membrane (PROM) and preterm PROM (PPROM) are commonly related with poor maternal and perinatal outcomes. Urinary tract infection (UTI) has been known as one of its risk factors. The aim of study was to ascertain the frequency and pattern of urinary symptoms as well as the risk factors for UTI in PROM and PPROM. A retrospective study was conducted at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. All pregnancy cases with the history of PROM/PPROM from January to December 2015 were included. The research subjects were obtained from medical records, using the format of basic data collection to identify the risk factors of UTI in pregnancy. One hundred cases of complicated pregnancy with either PROM or PPROM were obtained. The mean of maternal age, gestational age, and birth weight were 28 ± 5.99 yr; 34.05 ± 4:28 wk; 2170.79 ± 835.447 g; respectively. Urinalysis was done in 58 patients. The prevalence of bacteriuria was 55.17%. Symptomatic vs. asymptomatic bacteriuria showed statistically significant differences (
The role of cyclin D1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in radiotherapy response of undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma
No full textNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a high incidence and mortality rate in SoutheastAsia included in Indonesia. Radioresistance is a major obstacle for a successful treatmentof NPC. DNA repair in the cell cycle and angiogenesis factors affect the response oftumor cells to radiotherapy. Cyclin D1 that functions in the cell cycle process and vascularendothelial growth factor (VEGF) as an angiogenesis factor are considered to play arole in the occurrence of radioresistance. The objective of this study was to evaluatethe association between cyclin D1 and VEGF expressions with radiotherapy responsein undifferentiated NPC. This study used a retrospective case control analysis design.Secondary data from medical records of patients diagnosed as undifferentiated NPC whoreceived a complete radiotherapy at the Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. HasanSadikin General Hospital, Bandung. There were 44 samples divided into radiosensitive(22 samples) and radioresistant (22 samples) groups. Immunohistochemical examinationof cyclin D1 and VEGF expressions was performed on paraffin blocks of patients’nasopharyngeal biopsy. Data analysis used Chi-Square test with p ≤0.05. Cyclin D1 wasexpressed strongly in 86.4% of the radioresistant group and 59.1% in the radiosensitivegroup (p0.05). In conclusion, there is significant associationbetween cyclin D1 expression with radiotherapy response in undifferentiated NPC.However, there is no association between VEGF expression with radiotherapy response
The effect of dadih in BALB/c mice on pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine productions
No full textThe normal microflora formed as commensal bacteria have roles in maintaining homeostasis in the intestine tract. The reduction in the amount and on the diversity of the commensal bacteria lead to gastrointestinal dysbiosis which increase number of pathogens, induce inflammatory and can drive to colorectal cancer. Probiotics can be used to prevent, regulate, and modulate immune response by triggering the development of pathogen-specific memory. Currently, many foreign probiotic products are available in the market that cause the domestic products are less well known. Dadih is an original probiotic’s products originally from West Sumatra, Indonesia. It is made from fermented buffalo milk containing lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of dadih pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production. The study was conducted using male BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks with body weight (BW) 20-30 g. Mice were given dadih at doses of 112 mg/20g BW for eight weeks. The results indicated that LAB bacteria in dadih are coccus, Gram-positive bacteria with 3x107 colony-forming units (CFU) and dominated by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis. In addition, the increase of both the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) was observed. In conclusion, the dadih can be used to maintain the immune system of mice
Sitotoksisitas rimpang temu mangga (Curcuma Mangga Val. & V. Zijp.) dan kunir putih ( Curcuma Zedoria i.) terhadap beberapa sel kanker manusia (in vitro) dengan metoda SRB
No full textEphaptic crosstalk in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: an electrodiagnostic study.
No full textPainful Diabetic Neuropathy (PDN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus(DM) which significantly causes pain and distress in patients. Release of factors fromdegenerating fibers activating adjacent fibers to produce ephaptic crosstalk have beenproposed as one of the pain mechanism in PDN. Here we aim to detect ephaptic crosstalkbetween small fibers and large fibers in PDN subjects by comparing the electrodiagnosticresult of patients with PDN and patients without PDN.This study used cohort prospective design. Patients with type 2 DM or impairedglucose tolerance (IGT) without PDN from several health facilities in Yogyakarta werefollowed for 12 months for the occurrence of PDN. Demographic, clinical, laboratory andelectrodiagnostic data from all patients were collected and analyzed.One hundred and forty-one subjects (58 men, 83 women) with an average age of 51years (range, 40–61 years), were enrolled in this study. After 48 weeks of observation,12 subjects were found to have PDN. The differences of distal latency between PDNand non-PDN group were significant when measured in median sensory nerve (4.47 ms±2.43 versus 3.39 ms ±1.79, p = 0.002), tibial motor nerve (6.96 ms ±3.07 versus5.90 ms ±2.17, p = 0.041), and sural sensory nerve (6.02 ms ±3.56 versus 3.55ms ±2.90, p <0.001). Among all parameters measured in this study, the H-reflex hadhigher abnormality persentage compared to other electrodiagnostic variable (H latency =30%, H amplitude = 71%, H/M Ratio = 88%, and H-M IPL = 15%).Our result shows that small fiber neuropathy in PDN can be detected by electrodiagnosticstudy which measures large fibers function. This indicates that ephaptic crosstalkbetween small fiber and large fiber happens in PDN
Effect of exercise on lipid peroxidation in student soccer players
No full textTraining is conducted to improve physiological functions that can support improvementof cardio-respiratory function (O2max). However, intensive training can lead to oxidativestress, which can contribute to health problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluatethe effect of training on serum lipid peroxidation levels in student soccer players. Thestudy was pre-experimental study with a one-shot case design conducted in April 2014.Twelve student soccer players from UGM who chosen by purposive sampling and metthe inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved in the study. Each subject receivedtraining in the form of O2max measurements using the yo-yo intermittent recovery test.Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using the thiobarbituric acidmethod 30 min after O2max measurement. Pearson correlation was used to analyzethe correlation between O2max and plasma MDA levels. The mean age of subject was19.25±1.06 years old. Subjects had normal nutritional status (body mass index 20.99± 1.65) with mean body weight of 58.13±3.76 kg and mean height of 166.2±3.40cm. The mean O2max score was 49.56±0.61 mL/kg/min. The mean plasma MDA levelwas 4.32±2.09 μmol/L. There was no significant correlation between O2max and plasmaMDA levels (p=0.7717). In conclusion, training does not negatively impact oxidativestress conditions in student soccer players
The frequency of DISC1 Leu607Phe gene polymorphism in schizophrenia patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya
No full textSchizophrenia is a common health problem in the world, including in Indonesia.Polymorphism of gene disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) Leu607Phe is allegedly relatedto the predisposition to schizophrenia. However, studies on the relationship betweenpolymorphism of DISC1 Leu607Phe and schizophrenia in various etnics provided differentresults. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of DISC1 Leu607Phegenepolymorphism and its association with treatment response in patients with schizophreniaat Department of Psychiatry, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. In this study, thenumber of male patients with schizophrenia was more than that of the female patients.The mean age of male patients with schizophenia was lower than that of the femalepatients. Schizophrenia patients were primarily came from Javanese ethnic with positiveand negative symptom score (PANSS) lower in male patients than that in the femalepatients. In conclusion, no DISC1 gene polymorphism at codon 607 is observed inschizophrenia patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, but the G nucleotidevariation at the number 196.339 in intron regions is found instead
Chronic wound mitomycin-c-induced animal models
No full textABSTRACTChronic wound is a problem often encountered, especially in areas that do not have adequate health facilities. Some of the factors that caused the injury are mechanical, chemical, electrical, or heat. Chronic inflammation and bacterial infections are the two major factors that affect the process of wound chronicity. Mitomycin-C (MMC) is widely used as an intravenous, oral, and topical anti-cancer drug. MMC that is applied topically to a wound can cause cross-linking and decrease or stop the process of DNA transcription so that the wound will not develop the healing phase because MMC works as an inhibitor of fibroblast and proliferation that can inhibit wound healing. This study aimed to create animal models of chronic wound using topical MMC compared to those who given exposure of NaCl without topical MMC. This study used eight female Wistar rats aged 70 to 90 days, weighed between 300 to 350 grams. Wounds were made in the hip area with a diameter of approximately two centimeters. The subjects were divided into two groups. The first group, we compressed the wounds using sterile gauze moistened with MMC 0.5 mg/ml for 5 minutes and rinsed with a saline solution as much as 10 ml6. The second group was compressed using sterile gauze moistened with saline for 5 minutes. On day 3, 5, and 15 we observed the wound profile that was consist of diameter (as an indicator of wound healing), necrosis, and the consistency. The wounds that were compressed using MMC showed brownish-black, dry, thick chronic wounds and took longer to heal compared to those with NaCl. Application of MMC topically on the wound after day 15 showed an inhibition of wound healing process. The animal models showed a slower decrease of wound diameter, fewer scar tissue formation, and development of necrotic tissue
Correlation between haemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation (SpO2) in elderly professors
No full textThe aging process is recognized by the decreases of the body functions which is caused by molecular and cellular damages. The population which is mostly affected by this aging process is elderly. In elderly, it is most likely that tissue oxigenation decreases due to the reduction of haemoglobin level and oxygen saturation (SpO2).This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the hemoglobin concentration and SpO2 in the elderly professors in Universitas Padjadjaran (UNPAD), Bandung. This was cross sectional study using secondary data from medical records of the elderly professors. One hundred and eight data of the professors (84 males and 24 females) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were used in this study.Spearman’s Rank correlation test was used to analyze the data of total subjects and male professors group, while Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the data of female professors group. Correlation test between hemoglobin concentration and SpO2 resulted in an insignificant results in male professors (r = 0.028; p = 0.801), female professors (r = 0.132; p = 0.538), and total subjects (r = 0.036; p = 0.712). In conclusion, there is no correlation between hemoglobin concentration and SpO2 in the elderly professors of UNPAD, Bandung
Relationship Between Pfmdr1 Gene Polymorphisms with Therapeutic Respons of Artesunate-Amodiaquine in Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria Patients in Puskesmas Hanura, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung
No full textABSTRACTBackground: The failure of artesunate-amodiaquine therapy in chloroquine resistant patients have been reported in several areas in Indonesia. One of the unexpected resistance mechanisms is associated with pfmdr1 gene polymorphisms. This study determine the frequency of pfmdr-1 polymorphisms and examine the relationship of pfmdr1 gene polymorphism with therapeutic responses to artesunate-amodiaquine therapy in uncomplicated falciparum malaria patients in Puskesmas Hanura, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Methods: This study was conducted in accordance with the WHO protocol for anti-malarial drug efficacy test in uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Combination therapy used artesunate-amodiaquine and primaquine. Therapeutical response and Parasite Clearance Time was observed during 28 days of observation. Diagnosis polymorphism by PCR-RFLP technique used the patient's blood (EDTA and filter paper) were taken a tH0.Results: There were 63(85.1%) patients of Adequate Clinical and Parasitological Response, Early Treatment Failure were 5 (6.8%) people, Late Clinical And Parasitological Failure 2 (2.7 %) people, and Late Parasitological Failure 4 (5.4%) people. Seven (13.5%) patients were found with N86Y pfmdr1 gene polymorphism with mixed type (mutant type and wild-type) in which 1 (9.1%) people had failed therapy and 6 (14.6%) people were cured. There was no association between pfmdr1 gene polymorphism with artesunate-amodiaquine failed therapy (RR: 0.64, 95% CI0.97-4.27, p: 1.000). Parasite Clearance Time on pfmdr1 polymorphism group was 2.14 ± 1.21 days and 1.79 ± 1.06 days in group without pfmdr1 polymorphisms. There was no significant difference between both groups (p =0.434).Conclusions:The frequency of pfmdr1 N86Y polymorphism in Puskesmas Hanura, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung was 13,5%. There was no significant difference between the rate of treatment failure patients with pfmdr1 N86Y polimorphism compared with patients without pfmdr1 N86Y polymorphism. There was no significant difference between Parasite Clearance Time patients with pfmdr1 N86Y polymorphism compared with patients without pfmdr1 N86Y polymorphism.Keywords: falciparum malaria, artesunat-amodiakuin, polymorphism, pfmdr1