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Repositorio Institucional de Asturias
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    Los pastos permanentes: importancia, dinámica y necesidades de actuación para su sostenibilidad

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    Los pastos permanentes suponen más de un tercio de la cobertura de la superficie agraria de la Unión Europea. No obstante, existen diferencias significativas entre países y sobre todo entre regiones agroclimáticas. Aquellas regiones con clima atlántico, y particularmente húmedo, como son las Islas Británicas y el propio Noroeste de la Península Ibérica, donde se encuentra Asturias, superan con creces dicha media europea. La adecuada gestión de estos pastos permanentes, definidos por el Reglamento (U.E.) nº 1307/2013 como “las tierras utilizadas para el cultivo de gramíneas u otros forrajes herbáceos naturales (espontáneos) o cultivados (sembrados) y que no hayan sido incluidas en la rotación de cultivos de la explotación durante cinco años o más; pueden incluir otras especies como arbustivas y/o arbóreas que pueden servir de pastos, siempre que las gramíneas y otros forrajes herbáceos sigan siendo predominantes, y, cuando los Estados miembros así lo decidan, pueden asimismo incluir tierras que sirvan para pastos y que formen parte de las prácticas locales establecidas, según las cuales las gramíneas y otros forrajes herbáceos no han predominado tradicionalmente en las superficies para pastos”

    Comparative seed germination traits in alpine and subalpine grasslands: higher elevations are associated with warmer germination temperatures

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    This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Aquatic Botany following peer review. The version of record (Fernández‐Pascual, E., Jiménez‐Alfaro, B., & Bueno, Á. (2016). Comparative seed germination traits in alpine and subalpine grasslands: higher elevations are associated with warmer germination temperatures. Plant Biology 19, 32-40) is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/plb.12472Seed germination traits in alpine grasslands are poorly understood, despite the sensitivity of these communities to climate change. This article tests the hypothesis that germination traits predict plant species occurrence along the alpine-subalpine elevation gradient. A phylogenetic comparative analysis was performed using fresh seeds from twenty-two plant species typically found in alpine and subalpine grasslands (1600 – 2400 m) of the Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain (43º N, 5º W). Laboratory experiments were conducted with seeds from each species to characterize germinability, optimum germination temperature and the effect of cold and warm stratification on dormancy breaking. Variability in the estimated traits was reduced by Phylogenetic Principal Component Analysis (phyl.PCA). Phylogenetic Generalised Least Squares regression (PGLS) was used to fit a model in which species average elevation was predicted from the species position in the PCA axes. Most subalpine species germinated in snow-like conditions, whereas most alpine species needed an accumulation of warm temperatures. Phylogenetic signal was low. The first PCA axis ordered germination traits according to overall germinability, whilst the second axis ordered them according to the preference for warm or cold germination treatments. The second axis significantly predicted species occurrence in the alpine-subalpine elevation gradient, as higher elevation species tended to have warmer germination preferences. Our results show that germination traits in high-mountain grasslands are closely linked to the alpine-subalpine gradient. Alpine species, especially those from stripped and wind-edge communities, have a preference for warmer germination niches, suggesting that summer emergence prevents frost damage during seedling establishment. In contrast, alpine snowfield and subalpine grassland plants have cold germination niches, indicating that winter emergence may occur under snow to avoid drought stress.E.F.P. was supported by the Government of Asturias and the FP7 – Marie Curie - COFUND programme of the European Commission (Grant ‘Clarín’ ACA14-19); B.J.A. by the project ‘Employment of Best Young Scientists for International Cooperation Empowerment’ (CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0037) co-financed by the European Social Fund and the state budget of the Czech Republic. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, receive grant-in-aid from Defra

    Search for new physics in same-sign dilepton events in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

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    A search for new physics is performed using events with two isolated same-sign leptons, two or more jets, and missing transverse momentum. The results are based on a sample of proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb1. Multiple search regions are defined by classifying events in terms of missing transverse momentum, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta, the transverse mass associated with a W boson candidate, the number of jets, the number of b quark jets, and the transverse momenta of the leptons in the event. The analysis is sensitive to a wide variety of possible signals beyond the standard model. No excess above the standard model background expectation is observed. Constraints are set on various supersymmetric models, with gluinos and bottom squarks excluded for masses up to 1300 and 680 GeV, respectively, at the 95 % confidence level. Upper limits on the cross sections for the production of two top quark-antiquark pairs (119 fb) and two same-sign top quarks (1.7 pb) are also obtained. Selection efficiencies and model independent limits are provided to allow further interpretations of the results

    Phylogenetic analysis for detection of multiple fouling events: a pilot study of barnacles at Moorea Island (French Polynesia)

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    Sequencing the cytochrome oxidase I gene and 16S rRNA gene as DNA Barcodes as a phylogenetic methodology, we identified the origin of two invasive barnacles sampled from Vai’are Bay (Moorea Island) in 2011: Chthamalus proteus and Amphibalanus amphitrite. Reconstructed phylogenies strongly support multiple introductions of Chthamalus proteus: from a Brazilian lineage first identified at the island in 2004 and from a lineage located in Hawaii that same year. The unique Amphibalanus amphitrite haplotype clustered with lineages distributed from Japan to Malaysia. The results demonstrate multiple introduction events from different origins, that may enhance invasion processes in South Pacific islands

    Semana Europea de la Movilidad [2016]

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    Cartel informativo de la celebración del la Semana Europea de la Movidilidad, mediante el cual se promociona el uso de la bicicleta, como un buen medio de transporte y forma de ejercitar la actividad física. Dicha semana coincide con la marcha en bici por la ciuda

    Hoy puede ser un buen día para emperzar una vida más saludable

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    Folleto informativo, destinado a la ciudadanía cuyo objetivo es explicar los pilares fundamentales para mántener unos hábitos de vida saludable, que son la alimentación,la actividad física, la prevención de caidas, la prevención del consumo de tabaco, evitar el consumo dañino de alcohol y el bienestar emocional

    Cuadro general de clasificación de documentos administrativos del Principado de Asturias conforme a las resoluciones aprobadas desde el año 1999 con Calendario de Conservación de series documentales incluidas en el mismo.

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    El objetivo del presente documento es servir de guía para el conocimiento global del Cuadro General de Clasificación de Documentos Administrativos del Principado de Asturias y acceder como usuario, cuando proceda, a consultas o gestiones específicas del mismo. Por tanto evidencia su evolución histórica, desde su aprobación inicial en el año 1999 a las modificaciones parciales del mismo, dictaminadas en 24 sesiones de la Comisión de Calificación y Valoración de Documentos Administrativos de la Administración del Principado de Asturias previas a la publicación de las resoluciones en el BOPA. Fecha de actualización: agosto de 201

    Los edulcorantes y su papel en el metabolismo humano

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    Introduction Sweetener agents are substances very used currently as a replacement of sugar within human regular diet. In this article we review their effects over the human metabolism and health. Description After his appearance and interest in the beneficial effects attributed to sweetener agents, their jobs increasingly are more numerous. However, there are studies that appear to confirm the ineffectiveness of their use and even show a specific causal association between various metabolic pathologies such as obesity and diabetes mellitus and the consumption of sweetener agents. Conclusions It´s neccesary further research in this direction to provide convincing data of its consequences, needs special as children or pregnant women groups, deepening as well as the absence of negative effects resulting from its use in food.Introducción Los edulcorantes son sustancias muy utilizadas actualmente como sustitutivos del azúcar dentro de la dieta habitual humana. En este artículo revisamos los efectos de los edulcorantes sobre la salud y el metabolismo. Descripción Tras su aparición e interés por los efectos beneficiosos atribuidos a los edulcorantes, su empleo cada vez es más numeroso. Sin embargo, hay estudios que parecen constatar la ineficacia de su uso e incluso muestran una determinada asociación causal entre diversas patologías metabólicas como obesidad y diabetes mellitus y el consumo de edulcorantes. Conclusiones Es necesario seguir investigando para lograr aportar datos convincentes de sus efectos, profundizando en grupos con necesidades especiales como niños y embarazadas, así como de la ausencia de efectos negativos derivados de su uso en la alimentación

    Water Vapor Adsorption on Biomass Based Carbons under Post-Combustion CO2 Capture Conditions: Effect of Post-Treatment

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    The effect of post-treatment upon the H2O adsorption performance of biomass-based carbons was studied under post-combustion CO2 capture conditions. Oxygen surface functionalities were partially replaced through heat treatment, acid washing, and wet impregnation with amines. The surface chemistry of the final carbon is strongly affected by the type of post-treatment: acid treatment introduces a greater amount of oxygen whereas it is substantially reduced after thermal treatment. The porous texture of the carbons is also influenced by post-treatment: the wider pore volume is somewhat reduced, while narrow microporosity remains unaltered only after acid treatment. Despite heat treatment leading to a reduction in the number of oxygen surface groups, water vapor adsorption was enhanced in the higher pressure range. On the other hand acid treatment and wet impregnation with amines reduce the total water vapor uptake thus being more suitable for post-combustion CO2 capture applications.This work was carried out with financial support from the HiPerCap Project of the European Union 7th Framework Programme FP7 (2007–2013; Grant Agreement Number: 60855) and from the Gobierno del Principado de Asturias (PCTI-GRUPIN14-079). N.Q. acknowledges a fellowship from the Gobierno del Principado de Asturias (Programa Severo Ochoa)

    Enriquecimiento nutricional de la magaya con levaduras autóctonas

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    En Asturias desarrollan su actividad cerca de un centenar de llagares que se dedican casi de manera exclusiva a elaborar sidra natural. Este sector transforma una media de 35 millones de kg/año de manzana de sidra y, como consecuencia de esta actividad, se origina una importante cantidad de residuos. Entre ellos destaca, con un volumen que se puede cifrar en unos 9 millones de Kg, la magaya: residuo sólido obtenido después del prensado, formado principalmente por pulpa, piel, pepitas y algunos pedúnculos. Sin embargo, la magaya, lejos de ser calificada como un residuo debería ser considerada como un subproducto con alto valor añadido, por ser fuente de compuestos bioactivos con potencial para el diseño de aditivos naturales y alimentos saludables, entre otros. Por ello, diversos autores han sugerido posibles vías de interés para su utilizació

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