2958 research outputs found
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Magayas de la elaboración de sidra: un producto de alto valor. Composición nutricional y antioxidante
Get PDFEn este trabajo se ha evaluado la composición nutricional de magayas de sidra y la distribución de compuestos antioxidantes (polifenoles y ácidos triterpénicos) en los diferentes tejidos de la manzana (piel y pulpa).In this work the composition nutritional of apple pomace has been evaluated and the distribution of antioxidant compounds (polyphenols and triterpenic acids) in the different tissues of the apple (skin and pulp).PID2020-118737RR-C21, financiado por MCIN/ AEI /10.13039/50110001103
Mineral and bone metabolism markers and mortality in diabetic patients on haemodialysis
Get PDFBackground. Diabetic patients on haemodialysis have a higher risk of mortality than non-diabetic patients. The aim of this COSMOS (Current management of secondary hyperparathyroidism: a multicentre observational study) analysis was to assess whether bone and mineral laboratory values [calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone (PTH)] contribute to this risk. Methods. COSMOS is a multicentre, open-cohort, 3-year prospective study, which includes 6797 patients from 227 randomly selected dialysis centres in 20 European countries. The association between mortality and calcium, phosphate or PTH was assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression models using both penalized splines smoothing and categorization according to KDIGO guidelines. The effect modification of the association between the relative risk of mortality and serum calcium, phosphate or PTH by diabetes was assessed. Results. There was a statistically significant effect modification of the association between the relative risk of mortality and serum PTH by diabetes ( P = .011). The slope of the curve of the association between increasing values of PTH and relative risk of mortality was steeper for diabetic compared with non-diabetic patients, mainly for high levels of PTH. In addition, high serum PTH ( > 9 times the normal values) was significantly associated with a higher relative risk of mortality in diabetic patients but not in non-diabetic patients [1.53 (95% confidence interval 1.07–2.19) and 1.17 (95% confidence interval 0.91–1.52)]. No significant effect modification of the association between the relative risk of mortality and serum calcium or phosphate by diabetes was found ( P = .2 and P = .059, respectively). Conclusion. The results show a different association of PTH with the relative risk of mortality in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. These findings could have relevant implications for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorders.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA
Dietary phosphate restriction prevents the appearance of sarcopenia signs in old mice
Get PDFBackground Sarcopenia is defined by the progressive and generalized loss of muscle mass and function associated with aging. We have previously proposed that aging-related hyperphosphataemia is linked with the appearance of sarcopenia signs. Because there are not effective treatments to prevent sarcopenia, except for resistance exercise, we propose here to analyse whether the dietary restriction of phosphate could be a useful strategy to improve muscle function and structure in an animal model of aging.
Methods Five-month-old (young), 24-month-old (old) and 28-month-old (geriatric) male C57BL6 micewere used. Old and geriatric mice were divided into two groups, one fed with a standard diet (0.6% phosphate) and the other fed with a low-phosphate (low-P) diet (0.2% phosphate) for 3 or 7 months, respectively. A phosphate binder, Velphoro®, was also supplemented in a group of old mice, mixed with a standard milled diet for 3 months. Muscle mass was measured by the weight of gastrocnemius and tibial muscles, and quality by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) and histological staining assays. Muscle strength was measured by grip test and contractile properties of the tibialis muscle by electrical stimulation of the common peroneal nerve. Gait parameters were analysed during the spontaneous locomotion of the mice with footprinting. Orientation and motor coordination were evaluated using a static rod test.
Results: Old mice fed with low-P diet showed reduced serum phosphate concentration (16.46 ± 0.77 mg/dL young; 21.24 ± 0.95 mg/dL old; 17.46 ± 0.82 mg/dL low-P diet). Old mice fed with low-P diet displayed 44% more mass in gastrocnemius muscles with respect to old mice (P = 0.004). NMRI revealed a significant reduction in T2 relaxation time (P = 0.014) and increased magnetization transfer (P = 0.045) and mean diffusivity (P = 0.045) in low-P diettreated mice compared with their coetaneous. The hypophosphataemic diet increased the fibre size and reduced the fibrotic area by 52% in gastrocnemius muscle with respect to old mice (P = 0.002). Twitch force and tetanic force were
significantly increased in old mice fed with the hypophosphataemic diet (P = 0.004 and P = 0.014, respectively). Physical performance was also improved, increasing gait speed by 30% (P = 0.032) and reducing transition time in the static rod by 55% (P = 0.012). Similar results were found when diet was supplemented with Velphoro®.
Conclusions: The dietary restriction of phosphate in old mice improves muscle quantity and quality, muscle strength and physical performance. Similar results were found using the phosphate binder Velphoro®, supporting the role of phosphate in the impairment of muscle structure and function that occurs during aging.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA
The secretome atlas of two mouse models of progeria
Get PDFHutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disease caused by nuclear envelope alterations that lead to accelerated aging and premature death. Several studies have linked health and longevity to cell-extrinsic mechanisms, highlighting the relevance of circulating factors in the aging process as well as in age-related diseases. We performed a global plasma proteomic analysis in two preclinical progeroid models (LmnaG609G/G609G and Zmpste24−/− mice) using aptamer-based proteomic technology. Pathways related to the extracellular matrix, growth factor response and calcium ion binding were among the most enriched in the proteomic signature of progeroid samples compared to controls. Despite the global downregulation trend found in the plasma proteome of progeroid mice, several proteins associated with cardiovascular disease, the main cause of death in HGPS, were upregulated. We also developed a chronological age predictor using plasma proteome data from a cohort of healthy mice (aged 1–30 months), that reported an age acceleration when applied to progeroid mice, indicating that these mice exhibit an “old” plasma proteomic signature. Furthermore, when compared to naturally-aged mice, a great proportion of differentially expressed circulating proteins in progeroid mice were specific to premature aging, highlighting secretome-associated differences between physiological and accelerated aging. This is the first large-scale profiling of the plasma proteome in progeroid mice, which provides an extensive list of candidate circulating plasma proteins as potential biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for further exploration and hypothesis generation in the context of both physiological and premature aging.European Research Council. Grant Number: 742067
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Grant Numbers: PDI2020-118394RB-100, PID2021-126372OB-I00, RTI2018-096479-A-I00, SAF2017-87811-
Outbreaks Following Natural Disasters: A Review of the Literature
Get PDFAbstract
Understanding the relationship between infectious disease outbreaks and natural disasters is important in developing response and disaster risk reduction strategies. The aim of this study was to identify outbreaks associated with natural disasters during the past 20 y, and outline risk factors and mechanisms for postdisaster outbreaks. Review of the international disaster database (EM-DAT) and systematic review of the literature were conducted. The records of disaster events in EM-DAT during the past 20 y were screened. A literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed and Embase. Articles in English language published between 2000 and 2020 were searched. Data were extracted from articles and Narrative synthesis was used to summarize the findings. We found 108 events associated with epidemics, the majority being floods. We found 36 articles, most of them focused on outbreaks after floods. Risk factors and mechanisms that contributed to the outbreaks were mainly related to the consequences of disaster and its impact on the environment and living conditions of population. Infrastructure readiness and postdisaster measures play important roles in controlling the spread of epidemics after natural disasters. More evidence and research are required for better understanding of the association between natural disasters and infectious diseases outbreaks.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA
Effect of Mo content on the properties of graphite-MoC composites sintered by spark plasma sintering
Get PDFGraphite–molybdenum–titanium powders prepared by colloidal processing technique were sintered by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). This material is proposed in this manuscript due to its potential interest as heat sink. The influence of the molybdenum content (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 vol.%) on the thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of the composite are studied to define the composite with the best properties. Thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of the composite graphite–10 vol.% Mo–1 vol.% Ti (that are composites of graphite with molybdenum and titanium carbides after sintering) are significantly better than those ofthe composites with lower molybdenum contents (2.5 vol.% and 5 vol.%). This way, flexural strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity are 1.5, 7.8 and 18 times greater, respectively,than in the composite graphite–2.5 vol.% Mo–1 vol.% Ti. In the case of comparing with the composite graphite–5 vol.% Mo–1 vol.% Ti, flexural strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity are 1.2, 5.1 and 3.2 greater in the composite graphite–10 vol.% Mo–1 vol.% Ti, respectively.Daniel Fernández-González acknowledges the grant (Juan de la Cierva-Formación program) FJC2019-041139-I funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación). Juan Pinuela ˜ Noval acknowledges the Programa “Severo Ochoa” of Grants for Research and Teaching of the Principality of Asturias for the funds received for the elaboration of the
Ph.D. Thesis (Ref: BP20 041)
Vermelhas y faienças portuguesas en Asturias. Contactos e influencias a través del consumo cerámico en el noroeste de la península ibérica durante la Edad Moderna
No full textCapítulo de libro.Busto Zapico, M. (2022). Vermelhas y faienças portuguesas en Asturias. Contactos e influencias a través del consumo cerámico en el noroeste de la península ibérica durante la Edad Moderna. En T. Calderón Sánchez & N. Corral Sánchez (Eds.), A ambos lados de La Raya: Estudios interdisciplinares sobre la frontera hispano-portuguesa (189-209). Madrid: Ediciones Doce Calles. En esta investigación presentamos el análisis de las producciones cerámicas de origen portugués recuperadas en excavaciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en los últimos años en Asturias. Las piezas estudiadas se corresponden con producciones cerámicas portuguesas de fainças y vermelhas fabricadas entre los siglos XVI y XVIII en los principales talleres y alfares lusos, como: Lisboa, Vila Nova o Coímbra. El consumo y presencia de piezas portuguesas en Asturias está marcado por acontecimientos clave para la Raya como la Guerra de Secesión y la Independencia de Portugal. La frontera, incluso en estos momentos, fue permeable a transferencias, intercambios y contrabandos, en los que podrían estar incluidas algunas de nuestras piezas. La metodología empleada ha clasificado los ejemplares cerámicos en diferentes talleres de proveniencia, producciones cerámicas, grupos funcionales, series, tipos y subtipos; realizando de cada uno de ellos un análisis tecnológico, técnico, morfométrico y cronológico, a través del registro arqueológico y de los paralelos encontrados Estos hallazgos evidencian un comercio y un consumo muy activo de cerámica entre Portugal y el norte de la península ibérica. La presencia de piezas portuguesas llegaría principalmente por vía marítima, aunque valoramos la posibilidad de un transporte terrestre rayano en la creación de redes comerciales interiores, a través de las provincias de Zamora o Salamanca. Las piezas portuguesas serán de las más demandadas por las élites sociales asturianas, junto a otras cerámicas de centros como Talavera de la Reina, Sevilla u Holanda. Desde el punto de vista de la alfarería, a Asturias procedentes de Portugal no llegarán solo mercancías cerámicas sino también alfareros portugueses que influirán sobre las producciones locales de vajilla. A través del estudio cerámico observamos como la frontera hispano-portuguesa permitió los movimientos de población, de mercancías y también de gustos e influencias estéticas.Esta publicación se ha realizado en el marco del Proyecto de Investigación CERCOMAT: Cerámica y Comercio en el horizonte Atlántico en época Moderna: Arqueometría y Humanidades digitales (Ayudas para la Especialización de Personal Investigador Doctor del Vicerrectorado de Investigación de la UPV/EHU) y es parte del proyecto de I+D+i PID2020-113198GB-I00 «Arqueología y Arqueometría del expansionismo atlántico Ibérico en el Norte de África y las Islas de la Macaronesia (siglos XV-XVI): cerámica, poblamiento y comercio CERIBAM», financiado/a por MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033/. La totalidad del material cerámico aquí estudiado forma parte de los fondos del Museo Arqueológico de Asturias, agradecemos a esta institución el acceso a las piezas y la colaboración prestada.Busto Zapico, M. (2022). Vermelhas y faienças portuguesas en Asturias. Contactos e influencias a través del consumo cerámico en el noroeste de la península ibérica durante la Edad Moderna. En T. Calderón Sánchez & N. Corral Sánchez (Eds.), A ambos lados de La Raya: Estudios interdisciplinares sobre la frontera hispano-portuguesa (189-209). Madrid: Ediciones Doce Calles. En esta investigación presentamos el análisis de las producciones cerámicas de origen portugués recuperadas en excavaciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en los últimos años en Asturias. Las piezas estudiadas se corresponden con producciones cerámicas portuguesas de fainças y vermelhas fabricadas entre los siglos XVI y XVIII en los principales talleres y alfares lusos, como: Lisboa, Vila Nova o Coímbra. El consumo y presencia de piezas portuguesas en Asturias está marcado por acontecimientos clave para la Raya como la Guerra de Secesión y la Independencia de Portugal. La frontera, incluso en estos momentos, fue permeable a transferencias, intercambios y contrabandos, en los que podrían estar incluidas algunas de nuestras piezas. La metodología empleada ha clasificado los ejemplares cerámicos en diferentes talleres de proveniencia, producciones cerámicas, grupos funcionales, series, tipos y subtipos; realizando de cada uno de ellos un análisis tecnológico, técnico, morfométrico y cronológico, a través del registro arqueológico y de los paralelos encontrados Estos hallazgos evidencian un comercio y un consumo muy activo de cerámica entre Portugal y el norte de la península ibérica. La presencia de piezas portuguesas llegaría principalmente por vía marítima, aunque valoramos la posibilidad de un transporte terrestre rayano en la creación de redes comerciales interiores, a través de las provincias de Zamora o Salamanca. Las piezas portuguesas serán de las más demandadas por las élites sociales asturianas, junto a otras cerámicas de centros como Talavera de la Reina, Sevilla u Holanda. Desde el punto de vista de la alfarería, a Asturias procedentes de Portugal no llegarán solo mercancías cerámicas sino también alfareros portugueses que influirán sobre las producciones locales de vajilla. A través del estudio cerámico observamos como la frontera hispano-portuguesa permitió los movimientos de población, de mercancías y también de gustos e influencias estéticas
Estudio preliminar de 40 fosas con recogida de testimonios, catalogación de entrevistas, grabaciones y análisis geofísicos: zona Centro
No full textEl presente estudio preliminar de 40 fosas con recogida de testimonios, catalogación de entrevistas, grabaciones y análisis geofísicos, ha sido encargado por el Instituto de Memoria Democrática , dependiente de Dirección General de Emigración y Memoria Democrática, por resolución de la Consejería de Presidencia a la Empresa Tecnologías y Servicios Agrarios S.A., S.M.E., M.P. (TRAGSATEC
Prevención primaria y secundaria del cáncer de cérvix. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias
No full textProtocolo del Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología el HUCA. Área Sanitaria I
Autophagy-linked plasma and lysosomal membrane protein PLAC8 is a key host factor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into human cells
Get PDFIn this work, we have conducted a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based loss-of-function screen in human lung cancer cells to identify host factors that participate in the infection by SARS-CoV-2, the causal agent of COVID-19. Our results recapitulate many findings from previous screens that used full SARS-CoV-2 viruses, but also unveil two novel critical host factors: the lysosomal efflux transporter SPNS1 and the plasma and lysosomal membrane protein PLAC8. Through a series of genomics, proteomics and molecular and cell biology studies, we have found that PLAC8 and SPNS1 regulate the autophagolysosomal compartment and affect the intracellular fate of endocytosed virions.Better understanding on interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and host cells should help to identify host factors that may be targetable to combat infection and COVID-19 pathology. To this end, we have conducted a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9-based loss-of-function screen in human lung cancer cells infected with SARS-CoV-2-pseudotyped lentiviruses. Our results recapitulate many findings from previous screens that used full SARS-CoV-2 viruses, but also unveil two novel critical host factors: the lysosomal efflux transporter SPNS1 and the plasma and lysosomal membrane protein PLAC8. Functional experiments with full SARS-CoV-2 viruses confirm that loss-of-function of these genes impairs viral entry. We find that PLAC8 is a key limiting host factor, whose overexpression boosts viral infection in eight different human lung cancer cell lines. Using single-cell RNA-Seq data analyses, we demonstrate that PLAC8 is highly expressed in ciliated and secretory cells of the respiratory tract, as well as in gut enterocytes, cell types that are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Proteomics and cell biology studies suggest that PLAC8 and SPNS1 regulate the autophagolysosomal compartment and affect the intracellular fate of endocytosed virions.Consejería de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidad del Principado de Asturias (AYUD/2021/57167), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (COV20/00652, MS19/00100, PI20/01267, COV20/00571 and PT17/0019/0003), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PDI2020-118394RB-100, SAF2017-87655-R, PID2021-127534OB-100, and PGC2018-097019-B-I00