2958 research outputs found
Sort by
Meteorological conditions associated with lightning igniting fires and long-continuing-current lightning in Arizona, New Mexico and Florida
Get PDFLightning is the main precursor of wildfires in Arizona, New Mexico, and Florida during the fire season. Forecasting the occurrence of Lightning-Ignited Wildfires (LIW) is an essential tool to reduce their impacts on the environment and society. Long-Continuing-Current (LCC) lightning is proposed to be the main precursor of LIW. The long-lasting continuing current phase of LCC lightning is that which is more likely to ignite vegetation. We investigated the meteorological conditions and vegetation type associated with LIW and LCC lightning flashes in Arizona, New Mexico, and Florida. We analyzed LIW between 2009 and 2013 and LCC lightning between 1998 and 2014 and combined lightning and meteorological data from a reanalysis data set. According to our results, LIW tend to occur during dry thunderstorms with a high surface temperature and a high temperature gradient between the 700 hPa and the 450 hPa vertical levels for high-based clouds. In turn, we obtained a high lightning-ignition efficiency in coniferous forests, such as the ponderosa pine in Arizona and New Mexico and the slash pine in Florida. We found that the meteorological conditions that favor fire ignition and spread are more significant in Florida than in Arizona and New Mexico, while the meteorological conditions that favor the occurrence of LIW in Arizona and New Mexico are closely related with the meteorological conditions that favor high lightning activity. In turn, our results indicate high atmospheric instability during the occurrence of LIW. Our findings suggest that LCC (>18 ms) lightning tends to occur in thunderstorms with high relative humidity and ice content in the clouds, and with low temperature in the entire troposphere. Additionally, a weak updraft in the lower troposphere and a strong one in the upper troposphere favor the occurrence of LCC (>18 ms) lightning. We found that the meteorological conditions that favor the occurrence of LCC (>18 ms) lightning are not necessarily the preferential meteorological conditions for LIW
Materiales compuestos nanoestructurados cerámica-metal de interés tecnológico mediante Spark Plasma Sintering
Get PDFJuan
Piñuela Noval agradece al Programa “Severo Ochoa” de Ayudas para la investigación y docencia del Principado de
Asturias la financiación para la realización de las Tesis Doctoral Ref BP 20 041.
Este
estudio fue apoyado por la CONVOCATORIA DE AYUDAS PARA GRUPOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN DE ORGANISMOS DEL PRINCIPADO
DE ASTURIAS DURANTE EL PERÍODO 2021 2023 Ref IDI/ 2021 000106 al proyecto titulado Síntesis, preparación y
caracterización de materiales multifuncionalesII Congreso Anual Internacional de Estudiantes de Doctorado Universidad Miguel HernándezEn la actualidad los materiales cerámicos no cumplen con los requisitos exigidos en múltiples aplicaciones innovadoras que, de hacerlo, supondrían un gran avance tecnológico para nuestra sociedad. Por un lado, esto se debe fundamentalmente al hecho de que, hasta el momento actual, no ha sido posible combinar en un mismo material buenas propiedades estructurales con alguna funcionalidad crítica para su aplicación. Por otro lado, se sustenta en que gran parte de las cerámicas no conducen la electricidad lo suficiente como para poder obtener formas complejas mediante electroerosión a un reducido coste.
Por todo ello, se plantea en esta tesis doctoral el estudio de composites nanoestructurados cerámica-metal con el fin de obtener nuevos materiales ultrafuncionales que al mismo tiempo tengan la integridad estructural necesaria para su uso industrial. Se podrían lograr así, las propiedades de interés tecnológico necesarias en diferentes campos, optimizándose los procesos productivos. Se plantean varias vías de investigación:
1. Grafito-metal:
a. Grafito – Carburos de metales de alto punto de fusión (Mo y Cr) para ser empleados como disipadores de calor en el acelerador de partículas del CERN.
b. Grafito – Silicio de cara a la mejora funcional del ánodo de las baterías de Ion-Litio.
2. Carburo de silicio – Grafeno con el propósito de mejorar los blindajes cerámicos de protección individual en balística.
Las dificultades de fabricación de materiales completamente densos con el control microestructural deseado son inherentes al desarrollo de este tipo de composites. Es por ello, que la utilización de la sinterización por descarga de plasma o SPS (Spark Plasma Sintering) y la síntesis coloidal de nanopartículas son especialmente interesantes en este campo de investigación
Breves notas sobre la situación actual del patrimonio musical en instituciones de Asturias
Get PDFA brief overview about the institutions in Asturias that, even without being aware of it, possess a rich musical heritage because this region has a long musical tradition.AEDOMSe presenta una breve reseña de las instituciones de Asturias que, incluso sin ser conscientes de ello, poseen un rico patrimonio musical porque esta región siempre ha destacado por poseer una vida musical intensa y de calida
Biosynthesis of Largimycins in Streptomyces argillaceus Involves Transient β‑Alkylation and Cryptic Halogenation Steps Unprecedented in the Leinamycin Family
Get PDFLargimycins A1 and A2 are key members of a recently identified family of hybrid nonribosomal peptide polyketides belonging to the scarcely represented group of antitumor leinamycins. They are encoded by the gene cluster lrg of Streptomyces argillaceus. This cluster contains a halogenase gene and two sets of genes for the biosynthesis and incorporation of β branches at C3 and C9. Noticeably, largimycins A1 and A2 are nonhalogenated compounds and only contain a β branch at C3. By generating mutants in those genes and characterizing chemically their accumulated compounds, we could confirm the existence of a chlorination step at C19, the introduction of an acetyl-derived olefinic exomethylene group at C9, and a propionyl-derived β branch at C3 in the biosynthesis pathway. Since the olefinic exomethylene group and the chlorine atom are absent in the final products, those biosynthetic steps can be considered cryptic in the overall pathway but essential to generating keto and epoxide functionalities at C9 and C18/C19, respectively. We propose that chlorination at C19 is utilized as an activation strategy that creates the precursor halohydrin to finally yield the epoxy functionality at C18/C19. This represents a novel strategy to create such functionalities and extends the small number of natural product biosynthetic pathways that include a cryptic chlorination step
Epigenetic networks driving T cell identity and plasticity during immunosenescence
Get PDFThe aging process is associated with the accumulation of epigenetic alterations in immune cells, although the origin of these changes is not clear. Understanding this epigenetic drift in the immune system can provide essential information about the progression of the aging process and the immune history of each individual.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA
Changes in Bacterial Community Structure Across the Different Life Stages of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens)
Get PDFThe digestive capacity of organic compounds by the black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens, Diptera: Stratiomyidae, Linnaeus, 1758) is known to rely on complex larva-microbiota interactions. Although insect development is known to be a driver of changes of bacterial communities, the fluctuations along BSF life cycle in terms of composition and diversity of bacterial communities are still unknown. In this work, we used a metabarcoding approach to explore the differences in bacterial diversity along all four BSF developmental stages: eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult. We detected not only significant differences in bacterial community composition and species richness along the development of BSF, but also nine prevalent amplicon single variants (ASVs) forming the core microbiota. Out of the 2010 ASVs identified, 160 were significantly more abundant in one of the life stages. Moreover, using PICRUSt2, we inferred 27 potential metabolic pathways differentially used among the BSF life cycle. This distribution of metabolic pathways was congruent with the bacterial taxonomic distribution among life stages, demonstrating that the functional requirements of each phase of development are drivers of bacterial composition and diversity. This study provides a better understanding of the different metabolic processes occurring during BSF development and their links to changes in bacterial taxa. This information has important implications for improving bio-waste processing in such an economically important insect species.Este trabajo fue apoyado por el proyecto MIMOSA no. 2018-0012418 de la Región Centro-Valle del Loira y por la Unión Europea con el proyecto IMPA del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional no. EX004527, la beca FEDER InFoBioS nº EX011185 (región Valde Loira, Francia), beca APR-IR de la región Centre Val de Loire, Gobierno de Asturias, FICYT y "Plan de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación 2018-2022" del Gobierno de Asturias (Beca AYUD/2021/58607)
Creando Sinergia: práctica de Acción social en proyectos educativos Colaboración del Centro de Apoyo a la Integración de Oviedo (CAI) y Conservatorios de Música de Asturias
Get PDFFormar en competencias de acción social dentro de proyectos educativos complementarios a los planes de estudiosCreando Sinergia (CRESI) is a pioneering project of pedagogical innovation in clarinet teaching in Spain, which highlights the importance of implementing training through service-learning projects (ApS) in education systems. It promotes creativity, cooperative and collaborative learning among students of different ages, educational levels, and people at risk of social exclusion. It promotes social skills, civic values, positive coexistence and social commitment among students, teachers, and the public.
CRESI provides the ARTE group –CAI Naranco– with a clarinet ensemble made up of students from different centres and institutions, for the elaboration of different performances together with people with intellectual disabilities. Several members of the Gestural Expression activity (CAI), capture their emotions and feelings on a canvas with paint and movement during the live musical performance –Pollock's abstract expressionism technique–.Creando Sinergia (CRESI), es un proyecto de innovación pedagógica en la enseñanza del clarinete pionero en España, que remarca la importancia de implementar en los sistemas de enseñanza la formación a través de proyectos de aprendizaje-servicio (ApS). Impulsa la creatividad, el aprendizaje cooperativo y colaborativo entre alumnado de diferentes edades, niveles educativos y personas en riesgo de exclusión social. Fomenta las habilidades sociales, valores cívicos, la convivencia positiva y el compromiso social en el alumnado, profesorado y público.
CRESI pone a disposición del grupo de ARTE –CAI Naranco– un Ensemble de clarinetes integrado por alumnado de distintos centros e instituciones, para la elaboración de distintas performances junto a personas con discapacidad intelectual. Varios integrantes de la actividad de Expresión gestual (CAI), plasman con pintura y movimiento sus emociones y sentimientos en un lienzo durante la interpretación musical en vivo y en directo –técnica de expresionismo abstracto de Pollock–
A global database of lightning-caused holdover fires
Get PDFGobierno del Principado de Asturias a través de una ayuda postdoctoral de la Fundación para el Fomento en Asturias de la Investigación Científica Aplicada y la Tecnología (AYUD/2021/58534).13th SISEF National Congres
On the Use of an Equivalent Currents-Based Technique to Improve Electromagnetic Imaging
Get PDFAccurate imaging from scattered field measurements is one of the main research topics in the field of non-destructive testing. Different methodologies for inverse scattering have been developed, ranging from backpropagation techniques to full-wave inversion methods. While far-field approaches are valid for the majority of the imaging systems, there are some scenarios where these approaches do not provide accurate modeling of the field radiated by the antennas of the imaging system. This results in some kind of distortion in the resulting output microwave images. To address this issue, proper characterization and modeling of the fields radiated by the antennas are required. This contribution proposes the use of an equivalent currents-based technique to characterize the transmitting and receiving antennas of the imaging sensor. The goal is to calculate accurately the field radiated by these antennas within the imaging domain, using it in the backpropagation algorithm. The methodology described in this contribution is supported by measurements for monostatic and multistatic configurations.Principado de Asturias/FICYT, “Ayudas Para Grupos de Investigación de
Organismos del Principado de Asturias Durante el Período 2021–2023,”
AYUD/2021/51706
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, proyecto META-IMAGER, y proyecto RTI2018-095825-B-I00 (“Millihand”)
Comparison of subsampling strategies for UAV-mounted subsurface radar imaging systems
Get PDFThis paper compares two subsampling strategies for UAV-mounted subsurface radar imaging systems, which feature non-uniform acquisitions that have an impact on the quality of the resulting radar image. The first method is based on selecting those samples that meet four conditions related to the UAV flight speed and stability. In contrast, the second relies on dividing the observation domain in a grid of cells, and selecting only a maximum of a given number of samples within each cell. The impact of both techniques on the image quality is assessed by means of measurements.Principado de Asturias / FICYT under grant “Ayudas para grupos de investigación de organismos del Principado de Asturias durante el período 2021-2023”, reference AYUD/2021/51706, and by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain under projects MILLIHAND (RTI2018-095825-B-I00) and META-IMAGER (PID2021-122697OB-I00), and by the Ministry of Universities of Spain and European Union (NextGenerationEU) under projects MU-21-UP2021-030-53519863 and MU-21-UP2021-030-71667225.2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meetin