Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan
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Reformation of Dryland Management for Supporting Food-Self Sufficiency
Get PDFDryland areas in Indonesia which have not yet managed intensively as an agriculture land cover 12.90 million ha. These areas are not well managed due to low growing index, especially in Java Island. The lack and the weakness of dryland management in Indonesia causing degradation of soil function and influencing the effort to raise people welfare. Entering the third Millenium era, the paradigm and conception of natural resources management, including reformation of dryland management are needed to be renewed. Based on bio-physic factors, moderate to high potential dryland cover 5.09 ha and low potential dryland cover 7.81 ha. Environmental physical constraint can be overcome both by short and long program in order to support food-self sufficiency stabilization. Short program is coordinated efforts to build productive dryland agriculture using technology and new innovation through integrated plant and land resources management. Long program is the continuation and extension of short program, and other effort to enhance food productivity through optimizing dryland resources utilization technologies (soil erosion control, smallponds establishment, water distribution management, and seeding system) and organizational. Food production of 11.34 x 106 t dryland rice and 6.91 x 106 t grain per year can be gained through the reformation of dryland management. Reformation of dryland management is absolutely needed to support and stabilize food-self sufficiency in Indonesia, in order to release our dependency on food import from abroad
Soil Biology Contribution on Agricultural Land Suitability Evaluation of Wet Tropical Megabiodiversity Regions
Get PDFIndonesia is in the region "wet tropical megabiodiversity" it would need to complete the system for agricultural land suitability evaluation in accordance with real conditions, thus increasing the value-added resources optimally and sustainable and accountable production investment. Soil organisms as a component of production support can act as an agent of energy and nutrient cycling in the soil, improving soil physical properties, and controlling pests and disease. For that soil, biological parameters that need to be considered in evaluating the suitability of land that already exist include: N-fixing or P-solubilizing bacteria groups that live symbiosis and free-living, the fungi solubilizing P and soil organic matter decomposition groups, BGA fixing and free-living N symbiotic groups, fauna groups are able to conserve soil organic matter and improve soil physical properties. Important steps that need to be done in the evaluation of land cover inventory of soil biological populations and its role on the growth of crops, and evaluate the suitability of the soil biological parameters of the functional value of commodity options
Red Soils from Various Parent Materials in Indonesia: The Prospect and Their Management Strategic
Get PDFDistribution of red soils is about 50 million hectares, and generally potential for agricultural development in Indonesia. The soil was formed from various parent materials, such as andesitic-basaltic rock, acid tuff, limestone, ultra mafic rock, clay stone and sand stone. Generally the red soils were very developed soils, so that the sand mineralogy was dominated by minerals thatresistent to weathering such as quartz and opaque. The clay mineral was dominated by variable charge minerals which depends on pH like kaolinite followed by gibbsite, goethite, and hematite. These soils have very acid to slightly alkaline reaction, low exchangeable bases, low to high cation exchange capacity, and positive correlation to organic-C in the soil. The red soils according to Soil Taxonomy system could be classified as Inceptisols, Alfisols, Ultisols, and Oxisols. Characterization of the red soils areneeded before they are utilized for agriculture
Recommendation of Sustainable Landuse in Border Area East Kalimantan-Malaysia
Get PDFDevelopment problems of agriculture on border area require handling which more comprehensive and sustainable. Up to now, research results indicate that efforts has been done in handling various problems in agricultural sector, but still partial and is not be able to overcome complex problems. Therefore to overcome various development problems of agriculture on the border area need to be done in holisticaly, covers all aspect i.e. social, economics, ecology, and institution. Sebatik Island is one of state border area between Indonesia and Malaysia, located in Nunukan District, East Kalimantan Province. Up to now, cocoa is still the priority commodity, but its productivity is relatively low. Based on potency and constraint of land resources in Sebatik Island, sustainable recommendations to increase land productivity of cocoa i.e. (1) land and water conservation management, (2) using organic matter, (3) proportional fertilization, (4) using mulch, (5) integrated crop management, (6) integrated crop-livestock system, and (7) improvement of capacity of farmers institutio
Empowerment of Land Resource to Increase Competitiveness and Added Value of Agricultural Product
Get PDFIn global free trade action, Indonesia has many rivalry constrain to involve on standart product quality need which determined by developed countries from subtropical area. Agriculture product added value based on tropical natural resource is not accommodated proportionally, so that the Indonesian farming system has faced many obstacle resulting low competitive. Competitiveness digging of Indonesian specific land resource is a step in the right direction to do, besides it can increase competitiveness and has protected by regionally regulation. The Indonesian spatial competitiveness are sun energy, rainfall, mineral deposit, diversity of agricultural commodities, geographical position, and agricultural land availability for spell of production. Agricultural production arrangement that considering land capacity and specific competitiveness will increase production efficiency, added value, and selling product. Arrangement of spatial plan of various commodities and correct zonation based on need and location of market will increase competitiveness and farmer welfare. Functional food development, commodity choice, harvest area placement and harvest time arrangement are absolute competitiveness of Indonesian agricultural product and can not be competed by other region
Sectoral Impact and Current Coping Mechanisms: Water Resources and Agriculture
Get PDFAvailable water resources and its quality in Indonesia have been deteriorated as an impact of climate change (and/or) environmental degradation. This could affect on farming processes particularly and agricultural development in general. Virtual available surface water gives a figure that available water decreased temporally and spatially. For instance, in Java island with cover 65% of total population only has 4.5% of the total available water in the country. Agriculture is the biggest use of water (about70%), but it will be difficult for farmers to accomplish water requirements. Other users such as domestic (about 6%), industry (about7%), and municipal (about 4%) are also the major users of water in the country, which may raise a conflict among the users in covering the needs. Current mechanisms to cope climate change in water resources management has been executed through adaptation and mitigation measures for supporting farming system. Integrated water resources management plays critical role in coping climate change. This includes prioritizing water requirements, water harvesting, water conservation, appropriate water allocation, and pollution control. For sustainable farming system development, mitigation strategy should also be included in themechanism covering practices of intermittent irrigation to over come high rate of methane emission. Combining water management and tolerance crops to drought and submergence conditions is very valuable in implementing the mechanisms
Increasing the Production Capacity of Upland Food Crops
Get PDFUpland agriculture plays an important role in producing various kinds of food crops. However, data of the annual upland crops areas that are needed as a basis for area extensification planning is not available. Therefore land area of 10 commodities of annual upland crops was estimated based on its comparison with paddy field areas, with the assumption of cropping index of 100 (one crop per year). For example, upland area planted to maize is assumed 60% of the total harvested area of maize, because the remaining 40% is produced in paddy field areas. Based on these predictions, the upland areas planted to 10 food crops is only about 5.53 million ha or 37.7% of the total annual upland agriculture area of 14.6 million ha. To evaluate the production capacity of the upland areas, we grouped those areas based on soil fertility and potential yield for each commodity. The results indicate that if the 5.53 million ha upland areas are used optimally for food crop production, it can produce 2.82 million tons of unhusked upland rice, 9.15 million tons of corn grain, 0.23 million tons of soybean grain, 0.73 million tons of peanuts pods, 0.20 million tons of mungbeans, 20.81 million tons of cassava, 0.58 million tons of sweet potato, 1.0 million tons of potatoes, 0.21 million tons of shallots and 1.3 million tons of sugarcane. If in the coming year, the total area of upland can be increased gradually from 37.7% to 70% of the total available annual upland areas, i.e. to about 10.2 million ha, thus the upland crops production capacity will increase to 4.9 million tons of upland rice , 16.2 million tons of corn, 0.4 million tons of soybeans, 1.5 million tons of peanuts, 0.35 million tons of mungbeans, 37.3 million tons of cassava, one million tons of sweet potatoes, 1.8 million tons of potato, 0.27 million tons of shallots and 2 million tons of sugarcane. By increasing the upland areas of about 5 million, it will lead to the national selfsufficiency of most commodities until the year of 2050, except for soybeans, potatoes and shallots. Therefore, to maintain selfsufficiency in rice and maize , as well as promote self-sufficiency of other food crop production, the extensification of upland agricultural areas for food crops is a prerequisite
Teknologi Pengelolaan Lahan Rawa Berkelanjutan: Studi Kasus Kawasan Ex PLG Kalimantan Tengah
Get PDFABSTRAK. Lahan rawa adalah lahan yang sepanjang tahun, atau selama waktu yang panjang dalam setahun, selalu jenuh air (saturated water), atau tergenang (waterlogged). Luas lahan rawa Indonesia ± 33,4 juta ha, yang terdiri atas lahan rawa pasang surut sekitar 20 juta ha dan lahan lebak 13,4 juta ha. Lahan pasang surut yang telah direklamasi 3,84 juta ha yang terdiri atas 0,94 juta ha oleh pemerintah dan sisanya oleh swadaya masyarakat lokal.Pada lahan rawa umumnya dijumpai tanah mineral dan tanah gambut. Teknologi pengelolaan lahan rawa antara lain adalah teknologi pengelolaan tanah dan air (tata air mikro, dan penataan lahan), teknologi ameliorasi tanah dan pemupukan, penggunaan varietas yang adaptif, teknologi pengendalian hama dan penyakit, pengembangan Alsintan, serta pemberdayaan kelembagaan petani. Kawasan Lahan Gambut satu juta ha eks PLG di kalimantan Tengah, mempunyai potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai kawasan budidaya pertanian, dan kawasan konservasi. Kawasan budi daya pertanian dilaksanakan pada kawasan gambut < 3 m, yang dapat dikembangkan untuk lahan sawah, perkebunan, perikanan, dan hutan tanaman industri (HTI), berdasarkan kepada kriteria kesesuaian lahan. Kawasan konservasi berada pada wilayah gambut dengan ketebalan > 3 m dan juga daerah-daerah tertentu yang mempunyai keanekaragaman hayati (flora dan fauna), dan di bawah gambut lapisan sulfidik dan atau pasir kuarsa. Pembukaan lahan gambut harus dilakukan melalui perencanaan yang matang, dan hati-hati, dan perlu ditunjang dengan analisa dampak lingkungan yang handal serta pemahaman terhadap kondisi sosial budaya masyarakat lokal.ABSTRACT. Swampy areas is a land which is prolong or periodically saturated with water or waterlogged each year. The tidal swamp areas in Indonesia occupied approximately 33.4 millions ha consisting of 20 millions ha brackish water tidal land and 13,4 millions ha fresh water tidal land. In swampy areas peat and mineral soils normally found. The reclaimed tidal swampy area amounted to 3.84 million ha consisting of 0.94 million ha reclaimed by government and the remainder by local communities. Technologies for managing swampy areas included soil and water management, soil ameliorant, fertilization, adaptive crop varieties, pest and diseases management control, and mechanic development and empowerment of farmer’s organization. The former peatland soil project of one million ha in Central Kalimantan has potential areas to be developed as agricultural cultivation and conservation area. The area for agricultural practices should be directed to peatland with < 3 m depth and used for paddy field, estate crops, fishery, and agroforestry. Conservation areas were directed to peatland with thickness of more than 3 m, areas having biodiversity, and areas underlain by pyrite or quartz. Land clearing on peatland should follow thorough planning and supported by reliable analysis of environmental impact and social conditions of local community
The Dissemination Of Agricultural Land Resource Maps
No full textThe Indonesian Center for Agricultural Land Resource Research and Development (ICALRD) is one of the institutes that operates under the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. Its main function, among others, is to conduct agricultural land resource inventories. These activities have resulted in voluminous agricultural land resource (ALR) maps with various themes, extent and scales. A strategy is required to disseminate these data to prospective users. This paper aims to discuss the approach and method to propagate ALR maps to users. Indonesian ALR maps are composed of climatic, soil, and landform maps at various scales, themes, and extent and covering across the country. The dissemination approach includes promotion and socialization using conventional and net-based media, collaborations with national and international partners, and on-demand sale. Terms and requirements for public access to ALS maps are also presented
Prospect of Soybean Extensification in Indonesia
Get PDFIndonesia which covers 188.2 million ha of land area has great opportunities for soybean expansion. Until now, domestic need for soybean is still complied from import. Soybean is one of the strategic commodities for food and industrial needs, which in 2008 became a national issue because of the scarcity in the market. Therefore, the Department of Agriculture launched a selfsufficiency policy on soybeans targetted in the year 2014 through breakthrough efforts. To support the target, suitable land for soybean has been identified in 17 provinces. The results showed that land suitable for soybeans is around 16.7 million ha, scatteredin various location, namely 4.9 million ha in wetland area, 1.7 million ha in dry land area, 1.7 million ha in plantation area, 2.9 million ha in mix garden area, and 5.5 million ha in grass land area. If 30% of the assumed land suitable for soybeans in ricefield and upland can be utilized, these can produce 2.4 million tons of soybeans with the assumption that the average productivity levels is 1.2 tonnes/ha and once a year planting to maintain the balance of others commodity production. By utilizing 2 million ha of ricefield and upland, soybean self-sufficiency can be achieved in 2015. The development and extensification of soybean planting area should consider land suitability level. Area selection which historically has became soybean production center in 1990 is also has to take into account as well as farmer’s habit in soybean farming system. To accelerate the soybean self sufficiency, the improvement of human resources must be supported in form of assisting, motivation, extention, training, and plot dmeonstration, in order to gain optimal land productivity and technological application. In addition, the government supports are needed for the provision ofproduction facilities, capital, building the marketing chain, as well as conditions to create reasonable prices so that there isincentive for communities to develop soybeans