Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan
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Pemberian Beberapa Jenis Pupuk Kotoran Hewan pada Pertumbuhan Single Bud Chip Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.)
Full text linkSugarcane plants in West Papua province, especially Manokwari Regency, have not been cultivated by the community. This can be seen from the presence of sugar cane plants in the yard that have not been cultivated. The aim of this research is to determine the type of animal manure fertilizer that has the best effect on the growth of single-bud chip sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.). The research used an experimental method and was designed with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments, namely M0 (soil), M1 (poultry manure fertilizer; 5:1), and M2 (goat manure fertilizer; 5:1) with a total of four replications. The research shows that poultry manure provides the best results for the growth of sugar cane plants. Treatment with poultry manure showed better plant height, number of leaves, and root length than other treatments.Sugarcane plants in West Papua province, especially Manokwari Regency, have not been cultivated by the community. This can be seen from the presence of sugar cane plants in the yard that have not been cultivated. The aim of this research is to determine the type of animal manure fertilizer that has the best effect on the growth of single-bud chip sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.). The research used an experimental method and was designed with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments, namely M0 (soil), M1 (poultry manure fertilizer; 5:1), and M2 (goat manure fertilizer; 5:1) with a total of four replications. The research shows that poultry manure provides the best results for the growth of sugar cane plants. Treatment with poultry manure showed better plant height, number of leaves, and root length than other treatments
Evaluasi Kajian Oil Extraction Rate (OER) Optimum sebagai Standar Panen Kelapa Sawit
Full text linkThis research aims to carry out a basic evaluation of the harvest of palm kernel 3 (BD3), palm kernel 7 (BD7), fraction 1 (FR1), and fraction 2 (FR2) on the types of soil and peat and minerals that are tested and analyzed based on observations of the number of loose fruits from bunches (brondolan) on the plate. This research was conducted at PT Gandaera Hendana, Ukui 2 Village, Ukui District, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. The study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors: harvest base and two types of soil. The parameters observed consisted of adding a number of brondolan after harvest, the multiple of brondol after harvest, oil to bunch analysis, and potential oil extraction rate (OER). The analysis showed that adding loose fruit after harvest in mineral soil increased significantly two times more than peat (15.2 loose fruit). The harvest standard for fraction 2 increased significantly due to the addition of loose bunches after harvest (23.9 bunches) and their interaction in mineral soil (38.6 bunches). The base of palm kernels 3 (BD 3) shows a very significant increase in the yield of palm kernels after harvest (2.4 times) as well as its interaction in mineral soil (2.7 times). The palm kernels harvest standard 3 showed the highest increase in OER potential (23.25%) and OER potential in mineral soil (24.46%).This research aims to carry out a basic evaluation of the harvest of palm kernel 3 (BD3), palm kernel 7 (BD7), fraction 1 (FR1), and fraction 2 (FR2) on the types of soil and peat and minerals that are tested and analyzed based on observations of the number of loose fruits from bunches (brondolan) on the plate. This research was conducted at PT Gandaera Hendana, Ukui 2 Village, Ukui District, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. The study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors: harvest base and two types of soil. The parameters observed consisted of adding a number of brondolan after harvest, the multiple of brondol after harvest, oil to bunch analysis, and potential oil extraction rate (OER). The analysis showed that adding loose fruit after harvest in mineral soil increased significantly two times more than peat (15.2 loose fruit). The harvest standard for fraction 2 increased significantly due to the addition of loose bunches after harvest (23.9 bunches) and their interaction in mineral soil (38.6 bunches). The base of palm kernels 3 (BD 3) shows a very significant increase in the yield of palm kernels after harvest (2.4 times) as well as its interaction in mineral soil (2.7 times). The palm kernels harvest standard 3 showed the highest increase in OER potential (23.25%) and OER potential in mineral soil (24.46%)
Pengaruh Kesegaran Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) pada Kualitas Gula Cetak Merah
Full text linkTo maintain sugarcane freshness, it is crucial to process it promptly after harvest. This study aims to analyze the quality of molded brown sugar derived from raw materials with varying levels of freshness. The research adopts a non-factorial design involving three main treatments: the duration of stay on the first, second, and third days, with three replications. Parameters observed during the molded brown sugar production process include brix, pol, purity, and reducing sugar from raw juice; brix, pol, purity, and reducing sugar from clear juice; color, brix, moisture content, and reducing sugar of sugar. Data analysis is performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the application of Duncan's multiple range test. The purity value in raw juice data H1 with a value of 89.54 significantly differs from data H3 with a value of 73.83. Similarly, reducing sugar in raw juice H1 at 0.74 significantly differs from H3 at 0.93. The purity value in clear juice H1 at 88.34 significantly differs from H3 at 75.40. As for reducing sugar in clear juice, H1 at 0.81 is significantly smaller than H3 at 1.18. Regarding the difference between open-pan and close-pan cooking treatments, it is concluded that the cooking system producing the best molded brown sugar is the close-pan system, evident in both color results and the reduced sugar content of molded brown sugar. The best color for molded brown sugar is found in treatment H1 (day 1) with the close-pan system at 551.40. The lowest reducing sugar content is observed in treatment H1 (day 1) with the close-pan system at 0.94.To maintain sugarcane freshness, it is crucial to process it promptly after harvest. This study aims to analyze the quality of molded brown sugar derived from raw materials with varying levels of freshness. The research adopts a non-factorial design involving three main treatments: the duration of stay on the first, second, and third days, with three replications. Parameters observed during the molded brown sugar production process include brix, pol, purity, and reducing sugar from raw juice; brix, pol, purity, and reducing sugar from clear juice; color, brix, moisture content, and reducing sugar of sugar. Data analysis is performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the application of Duncan's multiple range test. The purity value in raw juice data H1 with a value of 89.54 significantly differs from data H3 with a value of 73.83. Similarly, reducing sugar in raw juice H1 at 0.74 significantly differs from H3 at 0.93. The purity value in clear juice H1 at 88.34 significantly differs from H3 at 75.40. As for reducing sugar in clear juice, H1 at 0.81 is significantly smaller than H3 at 1.18. Regarding the difference between open-pan and close-pan cooking treatments, it is concluded that the cooking system producing the best molded brown sugar is the close-pan system, evident in both color results and the reduced sugar content of molded brown sugar. The best color for molded brown sugar is found in treatment H1 (day 1) with the close-pan system at 551.40. The lowest reducing sugar content is observed in treatment H1 (day 1) with the close-pan system at 0.94
Analisis Keberlanjutan Perkebunan Sawit Rakyat dalam Mendukung Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil di Kecamatan Tungkal Ilir Kabupaten Banyuasin
Full text linkIndonesia's palm oil industry has long faced criticism and denial, accusations that the palm oil industry is unsustainable, and smallholder plantations are seen as contributing to environmental risks. In response to this, the Indonesian government, to ensure the sustainability of the palm oil industry, created a sustainability standard called ISPO, which is mandated to be mandatory for all companies and smallholders through presidential regulation number 44/2020 with a grace period of 5 years to fulfill these obligations. However, these efforts faced various problems, especially for independent smallholders. Based on the problems faced, this study aims to determine the realization of ISPO principles and criteria and identify the achievement of ISPO principles and criteria in smallholder oil palm plantations in Tungkal Ilir District, Banyuasin Regency. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive approach with Guttman scale measurements to analyze the realization of the application of ISPO principles and criteria and identify the achievements of ISPO principles and criteria. From many study results, the realization of the implementation of ISPO principles and criteria in Tungkal Ilir District from the available indicators has yet to be met, and many still need to. Many require more attention, including the criteria for legality and management of smallholders, criteria for obligations related to environmental permits, technical criteria for applying oil palm cultivation and transportation, and the principle of implementing transparency.Indonesia's palm oil industry has long faced criticism and denial, accusations that the palm oil industry is unsustainable, and smallholder plantations are seen as contributing to environmental risks. In response to this, the Indonesian government, to ensure the sustainability of the palm oil industry, created a sustainability standard called ISPO, which is mandated to be mandatory for all companies and smallholders through presidential regulation number 44/2020 with a grace period of 5 years to fulfill these obligations. However, these efforts faced various problems, especially for independent smallholders. Based on the problems faced, this study aims to determine the realization of ISPO principles and criteria and identify the achievement of ISPO principles and criteria in smallholder oil palm plantations in Tungkal Ilir District, Banyuasin Regency. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive approach with Guttman scale measurements to analyze the realization of the application of ISPO principles and criteria and identify the achievements of ISPO principles and criteria. From many study results, the realization of the implementation of ISPO principles and criteria in Tungkal Ilir District from the available indicators has yet to be met, and many still need to. Many require more attention, including the criteria for legality and management of smallholders, criteria for obligations related to environmental permits, technical criteria for applying oil palm cultivation and transportation, and the principle of implementing transparency
Pengaruh Variasi Suhu dan Durasi Pengepresan pada Kualitas Lemak Kakao
Full text linkThis research aims to explore the impact of temperature and duration of cocoa pressing on the properties of the cocoa butter produced, as well as the organoleptic preferences of the panelists. The pressing process uses a hydraulic press method for cocoa paste. This research design was carried out using two factors, namely pressing temperature with three levels: 50°C, 70°C, and 90°C, and pressing duration with three levels: 30, 40, and 50 minutes. The cocoa butter produced was analyzed for yield, free fatty acid content, water content, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that pressing temperature significantly influenced yield, water content, free fatty acid content, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value, and antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, the duration of pressing only affects the yield, water content, saponification value, iodine value, and peroxide value. The cocoa butter produced can meet SNI standards. It has high antioxidant activity, which is obtained under operating conditions at a temperature of 50°C for 30 minutes, even though it produces the lowest yield. This research shows that lower pressing temperatures and duration can produce good quality cocoa butter, which panelists accept without changing the aroma, appearance, and original composition, even though the resulting yield is lower.This research aims to explore the impact of temperature and duration of cocoa pressing on the properties of the cocoa butter produced, as well as the organoleptic preferences of the panelists. The pressing process uses a hydraulic press method for cocoa paste. This research design was carried out using two factors, namely pressing temperature with three levels: 50°C, 70°C, and 90°C, and pressing duration with three levels: 30, 40, and 50 minutes. The cocoa butter produced was analyzed for yield, free fatty acid content, water content, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that pressing temperature significantly influenced yield, water content, free fatty acid content, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value, and antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, the duration of pressing only affects the yield, water content, saponification value, iodine value, and peroxide value. The cocoa butter produced can meet SNI standards. It has high antioxidant activity, which is obtained under operating conditions at a temperature of 50°C for 30 minutes, even though it produces the lowest yield. This research shows that lower pressing temperatures and duration can produce good quality cocoa butter, which panelists accept without changing the aroma, appearance, and original composition, even though the resulting yield is lower
