Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan
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Aplikasi POC Urine Sapi pada Bibit Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) Varietas PS 862
Full text linkThe PS 862 sugarcane variety is a type of sugarcane developed by Indonesian sugar factories capable of producing white sugar. However, several cultivation challenges exist, including relatively early harvest age, a low number of shoots, and unsuitability for planting in drought-prone areas. Therefore, efforts are needed to stimulate the growth of PS 862 sugarcane when planted in drought-affected areas by applying liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from cow urine. This study aims to investigate the impact of liquid organic fertilizer derived from cow urine on the growth of the sugarcane variety PS 862. The research method used is a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) with a treatment factor of cow urine LOF concentration, consisting of several treatment levels: Urea (P0), 15% (P1), 20% (P2), 25% (P3), and 30% (P4), applied every two weeks. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). If a significant effect was found, it was followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. The observed parameters in this study included stem height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of shoots, root wet weight, and root dry weight. The results showed that liquid organic fertilizer from cow urine had a significant effect on root wet weight and root dry weight. However, it did not significantly affect stem height, number of leaves, number of shoots, or stem diameterThe PS 862 sugarcane variety is a type of sugarcane developed by Indonesian sugar factories capable of producing white sugar. However, several cultivation challenges exist, including relatively early harvest age, a low number of shoots, and unsuitability for planting in drought-prone areas. Therefore, efforts are needed to stimulate the growth of PS 862 sugarcane when planted in drought-affected areas by applying liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from cow urine. This study aims to investigate the impact of liquid organic fertilizer derived from cow urine on the growth of the sugarcane variety PS 862. The research method used is a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) with a treatment factor of cow urine LOF concentration, consisting of several treatment levels: Urea (P0), 15% (P1), 20% (P2), 25% (P3), and 30% (P4), applied every two weeks. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). If a significant effect was found, it was followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. The observed parameters in this study included stem height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of shoots, root wet weight, and root dry weight. The results showed that liquid organic fertilizer from cow urine had a significant effect on root wet weight and root dry weight. However, it did not significantly affect stem height, number of leaves, number of shoots, or stem diamete
Pengaruh Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Asam Humat pada Tanah dan Hara Daun Kelapa Sawit Fase Tanaman Menghasilkan
Full text linkSoil fertility influences oil palm nutrient status, particularly its cation exchange capacity (CEC), which affects nutrient retention. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different fertilizer treatments on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) soil CEC and leaf nutrient status in the yielding phase. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with four treatments and six replications: A = 2.5 kg NPKMg (12:12:17:2) per plant, B = 50 kg empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost per plant, C = 30 kg EFB compost + 300 mL humic acid per plant, and D = 10 kg EFB compost + 300 mL humic acid per plant. Observations included soil CEC and leaf N, P, and K levels. Results showed that the highest CEC value (45.89 cmol.kg-1) was observed in treatment A, while treatment C had the lowest (20.58 cmol.kg-1). Nitrogen content increased only in treatment A (+15.54%), whereas phosphorus content increased in all treatments, with the highest increase in treatment D (+92.59%). Potassium content generally decreased, except in treatment C (+2.63%). A strong positive correlation was found between soil CEC and leaf N (r = 0.91). In conclusion, inorganic fertilizer significantly enhanced CEC and leaf nitrogen, while humic acid with compost improved phosphorus uptake. However, potassium remained deficient across all treatments, indicating the need for better nutrient management strategies in oil palm plantations.Soil fertility influences oil palm nutrient status, particularly its cation exchange capacity (CEC), which affects nutrient retention. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different fertilizer treatments on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) soil CEC and leaf nutrient status in the yielding phase. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with four treatments and six replications: A = 2.5 kg NPKMg (12:12:17:2) per plant, B = 50 kg empty fruit bunch (EFB) compost per plant, C = 30 kg EFB compost + 300 mL humic acid per plant, and D = 10 kg EFB compost + 300 mL humic acid per plant. Observations included soil CEC and leaf N, P, and K levels. Results showed that the highest CEC value (45.89 cmol.kg-1) was observed in treatment A, while treatment C had the lowest (20.58 cmol.kg-1). Nitrogen content increased only in treatment A (+15.54%), whereas phosphorus content increased in all treatments, with the highest increase in treatment D (+92.59%). Potassium content generally decreased, except in treatment C (+2.63%). A strong positive correlation was found between soil CEC and leaf N (r = 0.91). In conclusion, inorganic fertilizer significantly enhanced CEC and leaf nitrogen, while humic acid with compost improved phosphorus uptake. However, potassium remained deficient across all treatments, indicating the need for better nutrient management strategies in oil palm plantations
Dampak Kemiringan Lahan terhadap Kadar Hara dan Produksi Kelapa Sawit
Full text linkPalm oil is one of Indonesia's sources of foreign exchange, derived from government, private, and smallholder plantations. However, palm oil production from smallholder plantations is relatively poor due to low-quality seeds, non-standard technical culture, low soil fertility, and a lack of attention to the topography and slope of the ground during planting. Therefore, this research aims to characterize the growth and production of oil palm based on soil and plant nutrient content on various land slopes. The research was conducted on an oil palm plantation in Baru Village, Siak Hulu District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. Oil palm plants have been in production for seven years. The methods used in this research are survey methods, observation, and laboratory analysis. The research design used a non-factorial randomized block design. The research factor is the land slope, with three treatment levels consisting of flat land (0–8%), land slope 8–18%, and land slope 18–28%. The parameters observed in this research include land topographic characteristics, physical and chemical properties of soil, plant nutrient content, and agronomic characteristics of oil palm plants. The observation results showed that trunk circumference, number of fruit bunches per tree, and weight of bunches per tree gave better results on a slope of 8–18%. This is due to soil conservation measures in the form of rather deep depressions around the plant plates. However, the P and K nutrient levels of oil palm plants in this research area are included in the deficiency category. As a result, this research can help make decisions about fertilizer management and land usage in oil palm plantation areas with sloping topography.Palm oil is one of Indonesia's sources of foreign exchange, derived from government, private, and smallholder plantations. However, palm oil production from smallholder plantations is relatively poor due to low-quality seeds, non-standard technical culture, low soil fertility, and a lack of attention to the topography and slope of the ground during planting. Therefore, this research aims to characterize the growth and production of oil palm based on soil and plant nutrient content on various land slopes. The research was conducted on an oil palm plantation in Baru Village, Siak Hulu District, Kampar Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. Oil palm plants have been in production for seven years. The methods used in this research are survey methods, observation, and laboratory analysis. The research design used a non-factorial randomized block design. The research factor is the land slope, with three treatment levels consisting of flat land (0–8%), land slope 8–18%, and land slope 18–28%. The parameters observed in this research include land topographic characteristics, physical and chemical properties of soil, plant nutrient content, and agronomic characteristics of oil palm plants. The observation results showed that trunk circumference, number of fruit bunches per tree, and weight of bunches per tree gave better results on a slope of 8–18%. This is due to soil conservation measures in the form of rather deep depressions around the plant plates. However, the P and K nutrient levels of oil palm plants in this research area are included in the deficiency category. As a result, this research can help make decisions about fertilizer management and land usage in oil palm plantation areas with sloping topography
Keefektivan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hutan Sebagai Pengendali Serangan Hama Penggerek Buah Kopi (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) di Lapangan
Full text linkThe coffee berry borer (CBB), caused by the Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari insect, is a significant pest for coffee farmers, particularly attacking the berries and affecting both the quality and quantity of coffee production. CBB attacks can reduce the quantity and quality of coffee plant production. CBB can be controlled by using botanical pesticides. One such botanical pesticide is derived from the Piper aduncum L. plant, which contains various compounds including dilapiol, piperamidin alkaloid, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, polyphenols, tannins, and terpenoids. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of botanical pesticides from P. aduncum L. in controlling CBB. This experiment used a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) with one factor studied, namely the effect of variations in the provision of botanical pesticides of Piper aduncum L. with treatments P0 = control; P1 = 15%; P2 = 25%; P3 = 35%; and P4 = chemical pesticides. This experiment consisted of 5 treatment levels with three replications, each containing ten pests. The results showed that treatment P3 (35%) was the most effective concentration in controlling CBB. Botanical pesticides at a concentration of 35% had the same effect as chemical pesticides on the parameters of mortality observation and suppression of pest attack intensity.The coffee berry borer (CBB), caused by the Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari insect, is a significant pest for coffee farmers, particularly attacking the berries and affecting both the quality and quantity of coffee production. CBB attacks can reduce the quantity and quality of coffee plant production. CBB can be controlled by using botanical pesticides. One such botanical pesticide is derived from the Piper aduncum L. plant, which contains various compounds including dilapiol, piperamidin alkaloid, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, polyphenols, tannins, and terpenoids. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of botanical pesticides from P. aduncum L. in controlling CBB. This experiment used a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) with one factor studied, namely the effect of variations in the provision of botanical pesticides of Piper aduncum L. with treatments P0 = control; P1 = 15%; P2 = 25%; P3 = 35%; and P4 = chemical pesticides. This experiment consisted of 5 treatment levels with three replications, each containing ten pests. The results showed that treatment P3 (35%) was the most effective concentration in controlling CBB. Botanical pesticides at a concentration of 35% had the same effect as chemical pesticides on the parameters of mortality observation and suppression of pest attack intensity
Perkembangan Penyakit Busuk Batang pada Kelapa Sawit Pasca Peremajaan Tanaman
Full text linkBasal stem rot caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense is the major threat to oil palm plantations in Indonesia, especially for second generation. Handling oil palm residues during the replanting process greatly determines the fungal attack. This research aims to reveal how handling oil palm trunks affects G. boninense attacks on second generation oil palm plantations. The treatments studied were felled trunk and felled-chipped trunk, each represented by two blocks (five years old of oil palm) with a density of 143 trees/hectare. The results of the study showed that second generation oil palms had a very high prevalence of basal stem rot disease, even though there were differences in the incidence and severity of the disease. Chipping of felled trunk residues can slow the development of the disease. Management of palm residues has a major influence on the onset of this disease in replanted oil palms.Basal stem rot caused by the fungus Ganoderma boninense is the major threat to oil palm plantations in Indonesia, especially for second generation. Handling oil palm residues during the replanting process greatly determines the fungal attack. This research aims to reveal how handling oil palm trunks affects G. boninense attacks on second generation oil palm plantations. The treatments studied were felled trunk and felled-chipped trunk, each represented by two blocks (five years old of oil palm) with a density of 143 trees/hectare. The results of the study showed that second generation oil palms had a very high prevalence of basal stem rot disease, even though there were differences in the incidence and severity of the disease. Chipping of felled trunk residues can slow the development of the disease. Management of palm residues has a major influence on the onset of this disease in replanted oil palms
Pengaruh Perendaman Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Giberelin (GA3) pada Perkecambahan Benih Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) Varietas S795
Full text linkCoffee is one of the plantation commodities that has an important role in the national economy, especially as a source of foreign exchange because it has high economic value. The productivity of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in Indonesia in the 2019/2020 period decreased by 2.7% with a total production of around 95 million sacks. This study aims to determine the effect of gibberellin (GA3) on the germination of the arabica coffee bean variety S795. The experimental design was a completely randomized design factorial consisting of two factors with four replications for each treatment. The first factor was the plant growth regulator gibberellin concentration which consisted of 100 ppm (K1), 200 ppm (K2), and 300 ppm (K3). The second factor is the soaking time which consists of 12 hours (P1) and 24 hours (P2). The result showed that the interaction between GA3 concentration and soaking time had no significant effect on all observed parameters (germination percentage, germination rate, seedling height) in the germination of arabica coffee bean variety S795. Based on the table of average interactions between GA3 concentration and soaking time, it can be concluded that the K1P1 treatment with 12 hours of soaking time at a concentration of 100 ppm was the best treatment for the parameters of germination percentage, seedling height, and root length. The K2P1 treatment with 12 hours of immersion time at a concentration of 200 ppm was the best treatment for the germination rate parameter, namely 36.34 days.Coffee is one of the plantation commodities that has an important role in the national economy, especially as a source of foreign exchange because it has high economic value. The productivity of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in Indonesia in the 2019/2020 period decreased by 2.7% with a total production of around 95 million sacks. This study aims to determine the effect of gibberellin (GA3) on the germination of the arabica coffee bean variety S795. The experimental design was a completely randomized design factorial consisting of two factors with four replications for each treatment. The first factor was the plant growth regulator gibberellin concentration which consisted of 100 ppm (K1), 200 ppm (K2), and 300 ppm (K3). The second factor is the soaking time which consists of 12 hours (P1) and 24 hours (P2). The result showed that the interaction between GA3 concentration and soaking time had no significant effect on all observed parameters (germination percentage, germination rate, seedling height) in the germination of arabica coffee bean variety S795. Based on the table of average interactions between GA3 concentration and soaking time, it can be concluded that the K1P1 treatment with 12 hours of soaking time at a concentration of 100 ppm was the best treatment for the parameters of germination percentage, seedling height, and root length. The K2P1 treatment with 12 hours of immersion time at a concentration of 200 ppm was the best treatment for the germination rate parameter, namely 36.34 days
Pertumbuhan Bibit Vanili Akibat Penambahan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Alami pada Media Tanam yang Diperkaya Bakteri
Full text linkPropagation of vanilla plants by cutting has been commonly used, but it requires more innovation to overcome the need for many seedlings. Shortcutting is an alternative solution, but it requires the support of hormones (such as auxin) and adequate planting media. Applying a natural plant growth regulator combined with enriched planting media is expected to increase the growth of shortcutting vanilla seedlings. This research aims to obtain an optimal combination of adding a plant growth regulator and enriched planting media to the growth of shortcutting vanilla seedlings. This study used a factorial Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with three replications. The first factor is the enrichment of planting media consisting of without enrichment (B0), enrichment using Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) (B1), and enrichment using Potassium Solubilizing Bacteria (KSB) (B2). The second factor is without plant growth regulator (J0), using coconut water (J1), and using goat urine (J2). The plant growth was identified for 12 weeks. The data was analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test α=5%. The research found interaction in several variables, such as rate of shoot emergence, stem diameter, tendril length, number of foliages, and number of adventitious roots. The combination of PSB and goat urine treatment is the recommended combination because apart from producing interaction with the variables of tendril length, number of foliages, and number of adventitious roots, it is also capable of producing the number, volume, and length of the roots in the soil, also the fresh weight of the plants significantly compared to other treatments. The increase that occurs varies between 20-70%.Propagation of vanilla plants by cutting has been commonly used, but it requires more innovation to overcome the need for many seedlings. Shortcutting is an alternative solution, but it requires the support of hormones (such as auxin) and adequate planting media. Applying a natural plant growth regulator combined with enriched planting media is expected to increase the growth of shortcutting vanilla seedlings. This research aims to obtain an optimal combination of adding a plant growth regulator and enriched planting media to the growth of shortcutting vanilla seedlings. This study used a factorial Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with three replications. The first factor is the enrichment of planting media consisting of without enrichment (B0), enrichment using Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) (B1), and enrichment using Potassium Solubilizing Bacteria (KSB) (B2). The second factor is without plant growth regulator (J0), using coconut water (J1), and using goat urine (J2). The plant growth was identified for 12 weeks. The data was analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test α=5%. The research found interaction in several variables, such as rate of shoot emergence, stem diameter, tendril length, number of foliages, and number of adventitious roots. The combination of PSB and goat urine treatment is the recommended combination because apart from producing interaction with the variables of tendril length, number of foliages, and number of adventitious roots, it is also capable of producing the number, volume, and length of the roots in the soil, also the fresh weight of the plants significantly compared to other treatments. The increase that occurs varies between 20-70%
Serangan Kumbang Badak pada Tanaman Kelapa di Desa Jati Mulya Kecamatan Wonosari Kabupaten Boalemo
Full text linkPest organisms threaten plant cultivation by disrupting plant reproduction, reducing yields, and diminishing production and quality. The Oryctes rhinoceros pest is known for its highly destructive capabilities, particularly in coconut plants. A safe method for controlling a rhinoceros is by employing pheromone traps. This research aims to determine the population and infestation intensity of O. rhinoceros pests. The study was conducted from June 2023 to August 2023 in Jati Mulya Village, Wonosari Subdistrict, Boalemo Regency, Gorontalo Province, using a survey method with a census technique (collecting data comprehensively) through direct field observations. The results indicate that the highest trapped population of O. rhinoceros occurred in the first week, with ten individuals, while the lowest capture was recorded in the eleventh week. The average intensity of O. rhinoceros pest infestation was 17.85%. This infestation intensity falls into the category of mild attacks.Pest organisms threaten plant cultivation by disrupting plant reproduction, reducing yields, and diminishing production and quality. The Oryctes rhinoceros pest is known for its highly destructive capabilities, particularly in coconut plants. A safe method for controlling a rhinoceros is by employing pheromone traps. This research aims to determine the population and infestation intensity of O. rhinoceros pests. The study was conducted from June 2023 to August 2023 in Jati Mulya Village, Wonosari Subdistrict, Boalemo Regency, Gorontalo Province, using a survey method with a census technique (collecting data comprehensively) through direct field observations. The results indicate that the highest trapped population of O. rhinoceros occurred in the first week, with ten individuals, while the lowest capture was recorded in the eleventh week. The average intensity of O. rhinoceros pest infestation was 17.85%. This infestation intensity falls into the category of mild attacks
Produktivitas Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica Linden.) pada Penaung Berbeda di Hutan Lindung Desa Sukalaksana Kabupaten Garut
Full text linkThe protected forest area managed by Perum Perhutani in Sukalaksana village is dominated by pine trees (Pinus merkusii) and rasamala trees (Altingia excelsa). Coffee farmers in Sukalaksana village grow arabica coffee using an agroforestry system under pine and rasamala stands within the framework of joint forest management. So that the arabica coffee commodity can have optimal economic value, coffee farmers in Sukalaksana village need to observe the productivity of arabica coffee plants. The research location is in the protected forest area of Sukalaksana village, Talegong district, Garut Regency. The object of observation was the soil in coffee plantations, Timtim varieties of arabica coffee plants, planted using an agroforestry system with rasamala trees and pine trees as shade. Data were analyzed descriptively using an uncorrelated t-test and linear regression analysis. Descriptively, there is no difference in the fertility level of coffee planting soil on land shaded by rasamala and land shaded by pine. The productivity of coffee plants under the rasamala shade is higher than that of coffee plants under the pine shade. This is caused by significant differences in the branch-free bole height of shade trees. The rasamala shade has its first crown branch, which is higher than the pine shade.The protected forest area managed by Perum Perhutani in Sukalaksana village is dominated by pine trees (Pinus merkusii) and rasamala trees (Altingia excelsa). Coffee farmers in Sukalaksana village grow arabica coffee using an agroforestry system under pine and rasamala stands within the framework of joint forest management. So that the arabica coffee commodity can have optimal economic value, coffee farmers in Sukalaksana village need to observe the productivity of arabica coffee plants. The research location is in the protected forest area of Sukalaksana village, Talegong district, Garut Regency. The object of observation was the soil in coffee plantations, Timtim varieties of arabica coffee plants, planted using an agroforestry system with rasamala trees and pine trees as shade. Data were analyzed descriptively using an uncorrelated t-test and linear regression analysis. Descriptively, there is no difference in the fertility level of coffee planting soil on land shaded by rasamala and land shaded by pine. The productivity of coffee plants under the rasamala shade is higher than that of coffee plants under the pine shade. This is caused by significant differences in the branch-free bole height of shade trees. The rasamala shade has its first crown branch, which is higher than the pine shade