JAMBI MEDICAL JOURNAL "Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan"
Not a member yet
380 research outputs found
Sort by
THE COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY BETWEEN WARFARIN AND RIVAROXABAN IN HYPERCOAGULATED CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORS
Full text linkAbstract:Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors originate from the brain and spinal cord, and have complications, such as hypercoagulation. The administration of anticoagulants (warfarin and rivaroxaban) has been able to reduce hypercoagulation-related morbidity and mortality, however, the effectiveness and safety of their use has not been well studied. This study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of anticoagulant drugs between warfarin and rivaroxaban in hypercoagulated CNS tumors.
Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial study, double-blinded, conducted on CNS tumor patients from September-November 2020 at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital. The patients were given warfarin and rivaroxaban for 3 weeks. Coagulation status was measured before and after. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver.24.
Results: The mean age of 20 patients was 42.70+8.14 years and majority were female (80%), with tumor characteristics were primary (80%), single (85%), and located in the brain (95%). In the warfarin group (n=10), there were significant improvements in PT (p 0.008), INR (p 0.013), Fibrinogen (p 0.041), and D-Dimer (p 0.008) value, also the rivaroxaban group (n=10) in PT (p 0.013), APTT (p 0.012), INR (p 0.028), Fibrinogen (p 0.047), D-Dimer (p 0.032), and Anti Fxa (p 0.028). However, there was no significant difference between groups, except when comparing the Anti Fxa delta (p 0.041). There was 1 person with major bleeding using warfarin, and 1 person (excluded) with GIT bleeding using rivaroxaban.
Conclusion: There was a significant improvement of coagulation value in both groups, also side effects were seen as well.
Keyword: CNS Tumor, Hypercoagulation, Warfarin, Rivaroxaba
The Staphylococcus Aureus Antibiotics Resistance’s pattern in Osteomyelitis Cases at Hospital in Jambi City
No full textOsteomyelitis is still a health problem in Indonesia, due to poor hygiene, late diagnosis, patients with open fractures who seek treatment late, treats osteomyelitis is long time and quite expensive. Osteomyelitis is an inflammation of the bone that is often caused by a bacterial infection. Osteomyelitis often occurs in open fractures, infections of the feet of diabetics, or surgical treatment of closed wounds. Osteomyelitis can be caused by bacteria, fungi, or other organisms, and is idiopathic. The bacteria that most often causes osteomyelitis is the genus Staphylococcus, which is found in 75% of cases of osteomyelitis, especially Staphylococcus aureus. We wanted to know how the prevalence of osteomyelitis with S. aureus infection was and the pattern of resistance of these bacteria to antibiotics. This research was a descriptive research with laboratory experiments. The research samples were patients with osteomyelitis who had signed informed consent form, samples were taken in the form of wound swabs/bone scrapings and blood using the total sampling method since August 2022 until December 2022. Wound swabs/bone scrapings were performed bacterial culture on Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA). MSA was incubated at 37°C for 18 - 24 hours. The cultures were done gram staining, catalase test and coagulase test. Cultures that grown in MSA with coccus positive gram, catalase test positive and coagulase test positive then tested resistance to antibiotics (Cefoxitin/FOX 30 mg, Ceftriaxone/CRO 30 mg, Gentamicin/CN 10 mg, Chloramphenicol/C 30 mg, and Ciprofloxacin/CIP 5 mg) using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) with fresh culture bacteria 0.5 mc Farland. There are 18 samples swabs from wound, and 10 samples are identified as Staphylococcus sp. There are 9 samples that gram staining with coccus positive gram, Catalase positive test, and coagulase positive test. From 9 samples which done antibiotic sensitivity test, there are 2 samples, 3 samples, 1 sample, 3 samples, and 5 samples resistence to cefoxitin (Methicillin resistance Staphyloccus aureus/MRSA), Ceftriaxon, Chlromphenicol, Gentamisin and Ciprofloxacin respectively. There are Fifty percents of osteomyelitis samples are staphylococcal infection with 22.22 percents infection of MRSA
The The Association Of Obesity With The Incident Of Flat Foot In Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Of Academic Community In Jambi City
No full textABSTRACT
Background: Flat feet is a foot deformity that refers to the loss of the mid-length of the foot. This can cause pain, stiffness, discomfort, and irritation in the ankles and feet. This study attempts to determine the relationship between obesity and the issue of flat feet in the academic community of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (FKIK) Universitas Jambi (UNJA) Medical Study Program.
Method: This observational analytic research used a cross-sectional design with samples of 102 academics from the FKIK UNJA Medical Study Program. The primary data consisted of body weight, height, BMI, and soles of the feet. Bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test.
Result: The incidence of flat feet is 20.6%, and 45,7% of flat feet are obese. There is an association between obesity and the incidence of flat foot in the academic community of the FKIK UNJA Medical Study Program.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between body mass index and the incidence of flat feet in the academic community of the FKIK Jambi University Medical Study Program
CORRELATION OF LYMPHOCYTE-MONOCYTE RATIO AND MORTALITY OF COVID-19 INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS: PRELIMINARY STUDY
Full text linkBackground: The world faces a pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). Because of the limitations as a developing country, Indonesia needs to do its activities efficiently in time, money, and human resource. This research aims to accurately determine a concrete mortality predictor to predict the patients' mortality. One of the mortality predictors is the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR).
Method: This research is observational analytic research using a cross-sectional study method. Data obtained from the Medical Record & Casemix Room of RSUD Raden Mattaher.
Results: Out of 115 samples, most patients were male (65 patients). The patients' age group was mainly younger than 65 (79%). The most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (43 patients). The correlation between LMR and mortality rate to be weak with the following results: Pearson coefficient(p=0.045), gamma coefficient (P=0.325), Somers' D test (P=0.167), odds ratio (1.833), AUC (58%), specificity (58%), sensitivity (56%), and intersection point (1,79).
Conclusions: There is a weak correlation between LMR and the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients in RSUD Raden Mattaher.
Keywords: Characteristics of COVID-19 patients, Comorbidity of COVID-19 patients, LMR (Lymphocyte-monocyte ratio), a Mortality rate of COVID-19 patient
LEPTOSPIROSIS DENGAN GANGGUANG GINJAL : LAPORAN KASUS
Full text linkBackground: Leptospirosis is a public health problem throughout the world, especially in countries with tropical and subtropical climates and with high rainfall, such as Indonesia. Leptospirosis is a rat-originated disease that is classified as an emerging disease, caused by the Leptospira interrogans bacteria that are pathogenic to humans and animals. Leptospirosis can cause kidney problems due to toxins that can affect the immune system.
Case report: A 56 year old woman with loss of consciousness, convulsions and fever. A positive Lateral flow examination and Microscopic Agglutination test (MAT) were carried out with the results showing Pomona serogroup, Pomona serovar, Pomona strain with a titer of 1:320 showing positive results. The results of examination of urea creatinine (6.5 mg/dl) and urea (234 mg/dl) showed a disturbance in the kidneys.
Conclusion: Laboratory examinations in the form of Lateral flow and MAT showed Leptospira infection with renal impairment.
Keywords: Leptospirosis, kidney disorders, Lateral flow, MA
HUBUNGAN MIOPIA DENGAN AMPLITUDO AKOMODASI PADA SISWA SMP NEGERI DI KOTA PADANG
Full text linkBackground: Decrease in eye accommodation response is a result of eye growth in children with myopia. Less than normal accommodation response to near focus increased lag of accommodation which decreased image quality of the retina due to hyperopic defocus. If it left uncorrected over a prolonged period of time, it will activate feedback mechanism which ultimately increases progression of myopia.
Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between myopia and accommodation amplitude in junior high school students in Padang city.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involved 384 students with myopia from four state junior high schools in Padang. Visual acuity was determined using Snellen Chart, and refractive error was diagnosed by autorefractometer. The amplitude of accommodation was measured by RAF rule (Zabby).
Results: Based on the degree of myopia, we found 64.58% low myopia, 27.87% moderate myopia, and 7.55% high myopia. The mean amplitude of accommodation in low myopia was 13.73 ± 1.30 Diopters, moderate myopia 10.52 ± 1.26 Diopters, and high myopia 8.41 ± 0.60 Diopters. Significant decreased in amplitude of accommodation were found between low versus moderate myopia, low versus high myopia, also moderate versus high myopia.
Conclusion: there is significant correlation between myopia and amplitude of accommodation (p <0,05), higher grades of myopia show decreasing amplitude of accommodation.
Keywords:myopia, amplitude of accommodation, RAF rule
RESECTION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF GIANT TOPHUS OF THE FOOT : A CASE REPORT
Full text linkBackground: The first metatarsophalangeal joint is the most frequent site of gouty tophi (MTP1). With the incidence of MTP1 joint was 73 %. Treatment aims at control of serum uric acid levels which can cause regression of tophi and surgical excision of very large tophi. A case of a massive tophus at the first metatarsophalangeal joint was documented.
Case presentation: A 58-year-old man was diagnosed with and a huge tophus at MTP1,after a five-year history of the gout disease. The patient was referred to our hospital because of a developing mass. On examination of the left foot, there was a solid mass on the dorsal and plantar forefoot that was fixed and had an unclear margin. There was no discomfort on the lump. The 1st metatarsal and proximal phalanges bones were both destroyed on a plain radiograph of the left foot. A laboratory examination shown increased at uric acid level (11.3 mg/dl), increased at sedimentation rate (46 mm/h at first hour), and also increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). We performed Excision of tophi and continued with reconstruction and arthrodesis MTP1 & MTP2 using iliac auto bone graft then internally stabilized with Mini T-Plate and K-Wire
Conclusion: Patient with giant tophus at first metatarsophalangeal joint can be treated with excision and performed arthrodesis.
Keywords: First metatarsophalangeal, giant tophus, arthrodesi
A Comparison Of Hematocrit, MCV, MCH And MCHC Amount Between Rats On Vegan Dan Standard Diet After Routine Physical Exercise
No full textABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of non-communicable diseases in Indonesia, such as diabetes mellitus and obesity, continues to increase. The main factors are diet errors and mistakes in sport.
Methods: This study used an in vivo experimental method with a pretest-posttest design with a non-equivalent group. The research sample consisted of 16 white rats, which were divided into two groups based on diet. The treatment given was in the form of dietary and routine physical exercise. Blood sampling was conducted to analyze hematocrit, MCH, MCV and MCHC levels.
Results: The results showed that the change in body weight of the white rats on vegan diet was higher than the standard diet group. Routine physical exercise had significant effect on hematocrit levels in the standard white rats (p=0.034) compare to the vegan diet. In addition, routine physical exercise had a significant effect on MCV (p=0.026), MCH (p=0.027) and MCHC (p=0.026) levels in the vegan compared to the standard diet white rats.
Conclusion: Changes in the number of hematocrits in the standard diet white rats is significant compared to the vegan diet group. Meanwhile, the levels of MCH, MCV and MCHC changed significantly in the white rats that were given a vegan diet compared to the white rats on a standard diet after routine physical exercise
Dextran Sulfate Sodium Effectiveness As Inflammatory Bowel Disease Inducer In BALB/c Mice
Full text linkABSTRACT
Background: Inflamatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in animal model could be induced by chemical agents such as dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), Â trinitrobenzene sulfanic acid and oxazolone. The inflammation induced by DSS gave many clinical symptoms and immnulogic reactions like in human. In the recent study, the disease activity index has been assessed on the BALB/c mice that induced by DSS 2% and 3%, the result was no significant result. Therefore, DAI score was not necessarily describe the intestinal tissue real condition, so the researcher want to continue assessing DSS influence to the microscopic features of BALB/c mice intestine and colon.
Methods: Nine male BALB/c mice 6-8 weeks, weight 25-40 g divided in 3 groups. Group I as control, while group II and III induced by  2 cycles of 2% DSS for 5 days followed by drinking water for 10 days and 3 cycles of 3% DSS for 7 days followed by drinking water for 7 days. Assesment of DSS effectiveness by microscopic examination of intestine and colon to observe inflammatory features.
Results: . The microscopic features of group II and group III mice intestine and colon has no inflammatory features as control group. Oral admission DSS 2% and DSS 3% did not establish microscopic changes in BALB/c mice intestine and colon, so it was not effective as mice IBD inducer.
Â
JAMBAN SEHAT DAN PENYAKIT BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN DI MUARA KUMPE
Full text linkIntroduction: An unhealthy environment can cause various diseases. Environmental-based diseases are a concern because they are among the 10 most common diseases in public health centers throughout Indonesia. The use of healthy latrines is one of the indicators contained in the achievement of Community-Based Total Sanitation, Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) indicators, and Healthy Indonesia Program Process with Family Approach (PIS-PK) indicators.
Objective: This study aims to describe the application of healthy latrines and the incidence of environmental-based diseases in Muara Kumpe.
Methods: This study is an observational analytic study that used a cross-sectional design. Samples were 100 households in Muara Kumpe, simple random sampling. Data were collected by direct observation with a checklist and questionnaire. Diseases observed within the last 6 months: Dengue Fever/DHF, Diarrhea, Malaria, TBC, Acute respiratory infection, typhoid, itchy complaint.
Results: A total of 69% of households had an environmental-based disease in the last 6 months, households that meet all the criteria for healthy latrines are 14%, households with healthy domestic sewerage (HDS) are 42%, households that meet all the criteria for a good waste disposal facility are 21%. Households that meet all the criteria for clean water are 76%. There is a significant effect of healthy domestic sewerage and clean water to environmental disease.
Conclusion: Improving on-site latrine quality can deliver health benefits when latrine use practices are in place
Keywords: Latrine, environment, diseas