JAMBI MEDICAL JOURNAL "Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan"
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The Influence Cognitive Behavioral Therapy To Resilience in Adolescents at Risk
Get PDFABSTRACT Introduction : Adolescents at risk is a high-risk group involved in the problems associated with behavioral health problems such as smoking, drug abuse, drinking, bullying and sexual behavior. Cognitive behavioral therapy as an active therapy is one of the alternative ways to improve resilience in adolescents at risk. Method : This study aims to find a deskriptions of risk behavior in adolescents and to determine the difference resiliency capabilities at risk pre and post the cognitive behavioral therapy. Collecting data is using risk behavior questionaire and resilience scale. Population with characteristic 13 – 19 years old adolescents at risk.. Samples were taken by using purposive random sampling technique. Experimental design of this study is true experimental pretest-postest control group design. Paired sample T test is used to analize the data. Result : This study shows that adolescents at risk have been doing bullying, smoking, drug abuse, and active sexual behavior. This study also shows that there is a significant difference of resilience ability pre and post the cognitive behavioral therapy for the experimental group, with p=0,009. While the control group showed no differences in adolescent resilience ability pre or post cognitive behavioral therapy with p=0,976 Conclusions And Recommendations : Adolescents who have risky behaviors can improve their resiliensy by using cognitive behavioral therapy. School is expected to be able to cooperate with stakeholders in preparing sustainable activities to reduce the risk behaviour in adolescents. Keywords: Adolescents at risk, resiliency, cognitive behavioral therapy
Biofilm Pada Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik
Get PDFABSTRACT A number of study find that clinically and complication of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) related with tipe of bacterial and change of bacterial adherence resulting biofilms. CSOM characterized by purulent discharge from perforated tympanic membrane that occur more than 2 months intermittent or persistent. There was new pattern of bacterial adherence with host. Bacterial adherence result a biofilms. Biofilms is slow growth bacterial colonies and enveloped by glycoplysacaride layer that called glycocalyx. Various methods to detect biofilm are Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) and Calgary Biofilm Device Assay modification, tissue culture plate, tube method and congo red agar.  Keywords: Chronic suppurative otitis media, biofil
Gambaran Pelaksanaan Problem-Based Learning Pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Jambi
Get PDFABSTRACT Background: Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is a new learning strategy that is focused on students, where they learn based on problems. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences UNJA (FKIK UNJA) have implemented PBL as a learning strategy in the Competence based Curriculum since 2007, however, there are no studies that measure the implementation of PBL based on its four theories in FKIK UNJA. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted in April-May 2014 in FKIK UNJA. The number of respondents are 184 students from the class of 2010, 2011 and 2012. This research employed a questionnaire developed by Romauli et al. Then the average analysis is utilized to obtain the level of implementation of PBL based on the four theories. Results: The implementation level of PBL in FKIK UNJA that based on learning constructive, independent, collaborative and contextual was moderate (1,94). The implementation level of constructive learning process based on class of 2010, 2012 was high (2,02 and 2,13) and the class of 2011 was moderate (1,98). The  implementation level of self-learning process based on the class of 2010, 2011 and 2012 was moderate (1,89; 1,87; 1,96). The implementation level of collaborative learning based on the class of 2010, 2011 was high (2,16 and 2,09) and the class of 2011 was moderate (1,97). The implementation level of contextual learning based on the class of 2010, 2011, and 2012 was moderate (1,78; 1,80; 1,82). Conclusions: The implementation of PBL on students of Medical Education FKIK UNJA in each class and all students, have stimulated students to develop their knowledge, stimulate control of the learning process in the student itself, stimulate the interaction between students and stimulate the learning process which reflects the situation and environment, where the knowledge will be used. Keywords: PBL, constructive learning, independent, collaborative, contextual, FKIK UNJ
Penerapan Multi-Source Feedback (MSF) Dalam Penilaian Perilaku Profesional Mahasiswa Kedokteran
Get PDFABSTRAK  Latar belakang : Profesionalisme merupakan salah satu factor penting yang harus dimiliki oleh seorang dokter. Organisasi profesi di Amerika Serikat seperti the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) telah menetapkan beberapa aspek yang termasuk dalam profesionalisme seperti altruisme, empati, saling menghormati, integritas, etika dan moral, tanggung jawab, dan komiten untuk belajar sepanjang hayat. General Medical Council (GMC) di Inggris menetapkan tujuh aspek profesionalisme yang harus dimiliki oleh dokter, Di Indonesia, Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia (KKI) telah menetapkan bahwa salah satu area kompetensi dokter adalah aspek Etika, Moral, Medikolegal dan Profesionalisme serta Keselamatan Pasien. Oleh karenaitu, dalam Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi (KBK) yang saat ini diterapkan oleh sebagian besar Fakultas Kedokteran di Indonesia, aspek profesionalisme harus menjadi perhatian baik dalam proses pembelajaran maupun dalam system penilaian. Metode penilaian terhadap perilaku professional sebaiknya tidak hanya dilakukan di akhir proses pembelajaran saja namun harus berkelanjutan dalam seluruh proses pembelajaran yang dijalani mahasiswa kedokteran. Tujuan : pemaparan secara komprehensif mengenai Multi-Source Feedback (MSF) atau 3600 evaluation sebagai metode penilaian yang dapat diterapkan untuk menilai aspek profesionalisme dalam pendidikan dokter. Metode :studi literature mengenai MSF meliputi tujuan penggunaan, prosedur, kekuatan, kelemahan dan keterbatasan, validitas dan reliabilitas serta kredibilitas penilai Kesimpulan : MSF merupakan salah satu metode penilaian yang valid dan reliable dalam menilai perilaku professional mahasiswa kedokteran, namun dalam penerapannya ada banyak factor yang harus dipertimbangkan agar tujuan pembelajaran yang diinginkan dapat tercapai
Mekanisme Resistensi Isoniazid &Mutasi Gen KatG Ser315Thr (G944C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis Sebagai Penyebab TerseringResistensi Isoniazid
Get PDFABSTRACT Resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs mainly occurs due to a mutation in the genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mutations can be induced by inadequate therapeutic levels of drug, mainly due to non-compliance for taking the drug. Therefore, the use of anti-tuberculosis drugs inappropriately and irregularly can lead to mutation in the gene encoding the target of anti-tuberculosis drugs. Inadequate therapeutic levels of drug due to non-compliance of patients taking isoniazid was the most frequent causing mutations in KatG (Ser315Thr) gene. Therefore, concluded that this mutation was the commonest cause of INH resistance and could be a potential genetic marker for predicting MDR-TB.Â
Tumorigenesis Tumor Filodes Payudara serta Peranan Estrogen dan Progesteron sebagai Faktor Hormonal
Get PDFAbstrak Tumor filodes payudara merupakan tumor fibroepitelial yang secara mikroskopis ditandai dengan adanya peningkatan selularitas sel stroma dan membentuk struktur seperti daun (leaf-like). Berbeda dengan tumor dari unsur epitelial payudara, penelitian tentang peranan hormonal maupun faktor lain pada progresivitas tumor filodes masih menunjukkan hasil yang inkonsisten. Sel-sel epitelial diduga ikut dalam regulasi terjadinya perubahan pada sel-sel stroma pada tumor filodes. Sel epitelial pada fibroadenoma dapat berubah menjadi hiperplasia dan carcinoma in situ dengan ditemukannya monklonaliti pada sel epitelial, perubahan klonaliti pada sel stroma mengarah ke bentuk tumor filodes yang bersifat jinak dan progresi perubahan menjadi monoklonal pada sel epitelial maupun stromal pada borderline dan malignant. Tulisan ini akan meninjau tumorigenesis dan peranan faktor hormonal estrogen dan progesteron pada tumor filodes payudara dari berbagai literatur
Hubungan Umur Pemberian Pertama Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) dengan Status Gizi Anak 7-36 bulan
Get PDFABSTRACT One of health problem in Indonesia is malnutrition in under five children. Malnutrition appeared in rural areas caused by poverty, nutrition knowledge, complementary feeding and environmental sanitation. We studied whether the first ages of introduction complementary food (MP-ASI) is associated with nutritional status in 7-36 mo of children. It was a Case Control study. Data used came from Hearth/Positive Deviance Study Monitoring and Evaluation research conducted by SEAMEO TROPMED RCCN-UI. Children malnutrition (n=192) as research subject. Children with severe malnutrition (< -3 SD) as case group compared to moderate malnutrition (<-2 SD until -3 SD) with 1:1 comparison. Nutritional status counted by WAZ (WHO-NCHS). Main independent variable was first age of MP-ASI with covariate were children characteristics (age, sex, diarrhea, energy consumption, immediate breastfeeding); mother’s characteristics (education, knowledge, personal hygiene, and active feeding behavior) and family’s characteristics (number of children, family member, housing and sanitation facilities). The data analysis is done by chi-square and multivariate logistic regression. Results : the analysis shown significant association between first ages of MP-ASI (OR=0,187; 95% CI :0,052-0,673), personal hygiene (OR=2,053; 95% CI : 1,109-3,800) and number of underfive children (OR=2,067; 95% CI : 1,060-4,029) toward nutritional status. The study found protective effect to children with first age of MP-ASI < 6 mo compared to >= 6 mo although controlled by housing, diarrhea, mother’s education, family member, personal hygiene, immediate breastfeeding and number of underfive children (P=0,003). The first ages of introducing complementary food < 6 mo was protective effect to savere malnutrition in under five children compare to >= 6 mo, especially in low social economic status. Key Words : Feeding, breastfeed, nutritional status, malnutrition, underweight, underfiv
Ekspresi Enzim Metabolisme Vitamin D Pada Sistem Reproduksi Pria
Get PDFABSTRACT Nowadays moleculer biology is developed. The scientist try to make a mapping of proteins that exist in male reproduction. It is supposed to know fertility factor for advance in moleculer way so that it can be used as the information to solve the infertility cases in male. One of the protein that is identificated in male reproduction system is enzyms that used in metabolism vitamin d. Those enzyms is known can be found in organ that is used in metabolism vitamin D, they are liver and kidney. On liver, enzym 25-d- hidroksilade exist and it is used to activate vitamin D. Meanwhile, on kidney enzym 24-hydroksilase exist, it is used to inactivate vitamin D. All of the enzyms are used in activate and inactivate vitamin D are also use in male reproduction tract and so do sprem with variation level of expression. It show that vitamin D is also take an important role in male fertility. The use of vitaminD specificly is not much revealed yet in male reproduction system. The use of vitaminD that has been revealed was sperm capacity, sperm motility and to increase the resistancy of sperm. Â Keyword : enzym,vitamin D,male reproductio
Pengaruh Rokok Pada Metabolisme Obat
No full textABSTRAK Metabolisme obat merupakan proses merubah struktur dan sifat obat tersebut, yang pada umumnya menjadi senyawa metabolit tidak aktif secara farmakologi. Metabolisme obat melibatkan beberapa enzim, antara lain kelompok CYP-450. Beberapa studi menunjukkan ada interaksi obat dengan senyawa rokok, yang menyebabkan perbedaan kadar obat antara perokok dan non perokok.Senyawa Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons yang terkandung dalam rokok dapat menginduksi aktivitas enzim CYP1A2. Peningkatan aktivitas CYP1A2 menyebabkan peningkatan metabolisme obat yang merupakan substratnya, sehingga dapat terjadi penurunan kadar obat tersebut. Nikotin yang terkandung dalam rokok akan dimetabolisme oleh enzim CYP2A6. Kadar nikotin yang tinggi dalam darah menyebabkan kompetisi metabolisme antara nikotin dengan substrat (obat) CYP2A6 lainnya, dimana dapat menyebabkan penurunan kadar substrat (obat) tersebut. Interaksi obat dengan senyawa dalam rokok memerlukan penyesuaian dosis obat agar tujuan terapi tercapai
Penerapan Refleksi Diri dan Self Evaluation Sebagai Keterampilan Dasar Dalam Meningkatkan Profesionalisme Pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran
Get PDFABSTRACT The field of medicine and health will continue to alter along with the change and advancement in information and technology. In facing these changes, a doctor should be able to prepare and maintain his/her professionalism in order to keep the trust of patients. A doctor can improve and sustain his/her professionalism by following a program, which is called, Continuing Professional Development (CPD). CPD is defined as the process of lifelong learning for individual or team, that enables medical professionals to expand and develop their potential in managing a high standard of health care and continuously improve the quality of health services to meet the needs of patients. Lifelong learning process should be implemented in medical education, so that medical education graduates can always apply continuously in the health service. Medical educational institutions should be able to teach the skills that are needed build lifelong learning to the students. Self-reflection and self-evaluation learning on medical students are part of the skills that must be possessed by students in implementing the lifelong learning. Â Keywords: Professionalism, lifelong learning, self-reflection, self-evaluatio