International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology
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A study on Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Paddy Cultivation Mechanization in Mekong Delta, Viet Nam
Get PDFViet Nam is still an agricultural country because a half people are working in agricultural sector. The total rice export pass to more than seven billion US dollars in 2021 that takeovers of nearly 17% of the one of agricultural production export of the country. Mekong Delta is considered the granary of Vietnam. With a total paddy area of 4.07 million ha, the annual rice production was 24.3 million tons, accounting for half of Viet Nam rice production. The rice production in the Mekong Delta is done mostly by machines that use mostly diesel oil and gasoline for operation. For rice farming in Mekong Delta, the level of power equipped is around 3.17 HP/ha. Obviously, the application of machines in rice farming has a lot of advantages. However, it is also contributing to increase the greenhouse gases emissions from burning fuel (direct emission) and manufacturing (indirect emission) of the machines in our earth that cause of rising temperatures, unpredicted weather events, and some of other impacts referred to generically as ‘global warming’. This paper studies the impacts of using machines in paddy production mechanization in Mekong Delta of Viet Nam on the greenhouse gas emission. The results indicate that the direct CO2 eq. emission in rice farming operations is 0.22 ton/ha per cropping season and the indirect CO2 eq. emission is 0.02 tons/ha. With the paddy area of 4.07 million ha in the Mekong Delta, total CO2 eq. emission from mechanization in rice farming corresponds to 733,000 tons/year
Design and Implementation of The Smart Weighing Precision Livestock Monitoring Technology based on the Internet of Things (IoT)
Get PDFThe traditional approach to weight measurement, which measures each sheep individually, is time-consuming, and sometimes, human error triggers other issues, such as data validation, sheep classification, etc. Most farmers or breeders nowadays still manage their livestock traditionally, which is inefficient. We proposed that the Livestock Live Monitoring System is designed to collect measured data in real-time and display data in graphics; these models combine Bluetooth Low Energy as a wearable sensor to identify animals and Smart Weight Measurement to deliver weight and health data to the cloud system. This system aims to measure livestock and store the data in the server application so livestock monitoring can be done in real-time and remotely. The technology used in this system is ESP32, Load Cell, Bluetooth Low Energy, and Message Queue Telemetry Transport Protocol. Wearable devices act as an identification tag for livestock, and a smart weight scale is used to weigh the livestock and integrate it with the system. Two sheep are used as experiment objects, and their measured weight is compared to their weight when measured traditionally using a conventional scale. Based on the experiment, the weight data measured using the system has an accuracy of 99.82% for sheep number 1 and 99.17% for sheep number 2. This proposed system provides many benefits, including real-time livestock monitoring, cost efficiency, and an efficient feeding system for sheep using weight data
Design an Intelligent Balanced Control of Quadruped Legs Based on Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
Get PDFThis study discusses the 12 DoF stability control algorithm for Quadruped robot legs to adjust the balance on irregular terrain. The source of the instability is the irregularity of the ground surface and external forces. Therefore, dynamic stability criteria are needed to plan the robot's movement and restore balance for the movement of a four-legged robot with a dynamic gait over an irregular terrain. The novelty of this study is the use of 12 ANFIS at once to manage the 12 DoF of each leg, which are grouped into four sections, and each section consists of 3 ANFIS. The ANFIS method is used as an algorithm to move the 12-DoF robot legs by training some robot leg movement data based on the slope angle of the surface. The results of training with the ANFIS method can be optimal if the number of rules is close to the given training data. From 29 body tilt angle position data and 12-DOF robot legs, good results will be obtained if the 5x5 number membership function is used for each input which will produce 25 ANFIS rules and combined using the Gaussian type so that it can produce RMSE = 0.068233. The next research is to develop reliable methods such as Zero Moment Point (ZMP) combined with the BPNN or ANFIS methods so that it is expected to get a reliable robot body balance
A Laboratory Scale: Formulation Test and Bioassay of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Alginate Pellet Carrier Pathogenic to Spodoptera frugiferda (J.E.Smith)
Get PDFCorn is an important food ingredient because it is the second source of carbohydrates after rice. However, there are obstacles to the attack of the armyworm pest Spodoptera frugiferda (J.E.Smith) which is found in corn plantations in Gowa and Takalar Regencies, South Sulawesi. An alternative control solution that can be applied is the use of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. In this study, formulation tests and bioassays of alginate pellet carriers will be carried out against S. frugiperda on a laboratory scale. The study was conducted from December 2021 to February 2022. Sampling of test larvae of S. frugiperda in corn plantations in Takalar Regency, propagation of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana, alginate pellet production, and its application was carried out at the Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University. The results showed that the alginate pellet formulation of B. bassiana could kill S. frugiperda larvae with different percentage levels of mortality. The treatment of 50 alginate pellets had a very significant effect with the most influential mortality among other treatments, which was equal to 80%, and had the lowest percentage rate of pupal and imago development. The addition of bran, wheat flour, tapioca flour, and corn flour formulations had an effect on the spore density of the B. bassiana alginate pellets. The P3 treatment (wheat flour) had a high spore density of 2.35 x 108 spores per ml with high mortality of S. frugiperda larvae on days 6-9 days after treatment
Addition of Cd2+ Metal Ions to Conway Culture Medium on Phytoplankton Growth of Chaetoceros calcitrans
Get PDFThe main objective of this study is to examine the impact of Cd2+ metal ions on the growth of marine phytoplankton, specifically focusing on their potential as agents for phytoremediation in marine settings affected by heavy metal pollution. In this study, the behavior of Cd2+ metal ions added to the culture medium in phytoplankton type of Chaetoceros Calcitrans In the culture medium, an investigation was conducted on a series of Chaetoceros Calcitrans cultures, comparing those including and not including the Cd2+ metal ions’ addition. Observations were made on the growth pattern of Chaetoceros Calcitrans. To assess the impact of introducing Cd2+ metal ions into the Conway culture media, various metrics such as definite growth rate, growth inhibition percentage, and test of toxicity were employed. The findings indicated that the growth trajectory of Chaetoceros Calcitrans in the Conway medium, in the absence of Cd2+ metal ions as a control group, exhibited the most substantial growth curve. The growth patterns observed in the culture medium upon the addition of Cd2+ metal ions at a concentration of 0.1 mg/L were found to be comparable to those observed in the samples of control group. Adding Cd2+ metal ions at concentrations exceeding 0.1 mg/L has decreased the inhibited growth rate of Chaetoceros Calcitrans. The concurrent increase in PGI costs further exacerbates this effect. The findings from the statistical analysis of difference tests conducted on blanks investigating the impact of introducing Cd2+ metal ions to Chaetoceros Calcitrans suggest that concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 0.10 ppm of Cd2+ metal ions have no discernible effect on the growth of Chaetoceros Calcitrans. Furthermore, the highest concentration of Cd2+ metal ions that Chaetoceros Calcitrans can withstand is 0.10 ppm, with an EC50 value of 6.13 ppm
Activity of Natural Compound Pothos tener Wall on Aeromonas hydrophila Infection to Prevent of Antibiotics
Get PDFThis study aims to discover how influential Photos tener Wall is as an anti-bacterial treatment for Aeromonas hydrophila. Methods: Cyprinus Carpio were reared for 28 days, and on the 29th and 30th days before Aeromonas hydrophila infection, the fish were adequately fasted. On the 31st day, they were intramuscularly challenged with A. hydrophila (105 CFU/mL) (the first day in A. hydrophila infection). The treatments given were (I) immersed trial with fresh (live) P tener Wall: (H1) Immersed with 15 g of P. tener Wall plant, (H2) Immersed with 30 g of P. tener Wall plant, and (H3) Immersed with 60 g of P. tener; (II) feeding trials in which the treatments given were (P1) 2% of P. tener Wall powder mixed with 1 kg commercial diet and (P2) 4% of P. tener Wall powder mixed with 1 kg commercial diet; Experiment III combined the best results from experiment I (H2) and experiment II (P2) and Oxytetracycline 5 g/kg feed as a control antibiotic. The result obtained was that the treatment of 30 g of fresh P. tener Wall or adding 4% simplicial P. tener Wall in the diet could increase koi fish's immune response and resistance to A. Hydrophila has a survival rate that reaches 100%. This treatment has the same effect as using antibiotic Oxytetracycline 5 g/kg of feed. An important aspect for further research is that P. tener wall can be tested on other fish diseases caused by bacteria or fungi
An Extreme Programming Approach to Streamlining Thesis Writing
Get PDFThesis writing is a significant challenge for many university students, often leading to substantial stress, confusion, and distress. Despite numerous studies to reduce academic stress, a specific solution for thesis writing has yet to be identified. This study introduces Penamasy, a thesis writing management system designed to address this issue. Penamasy was developed using the Extreme Programming (XP) methodology, effectively addressing the rapidly changing demands of university students in an academic environment. The result was a user-friendly app delivered promptly and met the needs of students. The study consisted of three research cycles, including user requirements, release planning, and acceptance tests, followed by an extended user acceptance test with students and promoters from three universities. Results indicated a positive response, with 79.6% of respondents expecting a more systematic and fuller online thesis writing experience, enabling them to complete their theses promptly. In conclusion, Penamasy provides a solution for university students facing the stress and difficulties of thesis writing. By streamlining the process and offering a systematic approach, students can focus on their research with confidence in the control of their writing process. Nevertheless, this study can be used as a guide in resolving students' academic stress and many other pragmatic problems that occur, especially in an educational environment. Future studies should involve users choosing UI component libraries, performance evaluation, and possible workflows
Partial Leader Optimizer
Get PDFA new swarm intelligence-based metaheuristic optimizer, namely Partial Leader Optimizer (PLO), is presented. PLO contains several autonomous agents that represent the solution. The best solution represents collective intelligence, i.e., the leader. PLO has distinct mechanics in finding the acceptable solution during the given iteration. Every agent moves to a specified target in every iteration. Two options can be chosen to determine the target. First, the target is calculated by pushing the virtual best solution away from the corresponding agent. Second, the target is randomly chosen within the solution space. This target selection is conducted stochastically based on the threshold that is set manually before the iteration. Then, several candidates are generated between the target and the agent's current location. The distance between adjacent candidates is the same. The agent moves to the best candidate and updates the best solution. Simulation is implemented to observe and analyze the PLO’s performance. The well-known 23 benchmark functions are used as the optimization problems. In this simulation, PLO is benchmarked with marine predator algorithm (MPA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), average subtraction-based optimizer (ASBO), slime mold algorithm (SMA), and pelican optimization algorithm (POA). The result shows that PLO is competitive compared to these algorithms, especially in solving fixed-dimension multimodal functions. PLO is better than PSO, MPA, SMA, ASBO, and POA in optimizing 22, 19, 18, 9, and 20 functions out of 23, respectively
[RETRACTED] Digital Technology Fluency and BIM Learning Environment in Undergraduate Construction Management
No full text==========================================================
Available online: 28 February 2023
This article has been retracted by International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology Editorial team, following clear correspondence and confirmation with authors.
The paper is retracted from 5 September 2023.
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Building Information Modelling (BIM) education is gaining more attention from various parties such as government, industry, and academicians. Many universities have integrated BIM into their curricula by using various approaches and teaching methods, but there is no commonly accepted approach to teaching BIM in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) programs. This research aims to identify the level of BIM literacy among students in higher education institutions and its correlation with the components of BIM learning and the outcomes of BIM learning progress. A quantitative method was adopted where Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was used to analyze the data. Questionnaires were distributed to the respondents for data collection. A total of 33 respondents were chosen, consisting of second-year undergraduate Construction Management students at Universiti Sains Malaysia. The results were analyzed by using SPSS and SmartPLS 3. SPSS was used to study the correlation between variables, whereas SmartPLS was used to conduct other tests such as the path coefficient, bootstrapping, coefficient of determination (R-squared), effect size (F-squared), collinearity statistics (VIF), inner and outer VIF value, outer loading and outer weights. From the result findings, it was found that the respondents have less knowledge of the BIM software. The respondents also felt neutral toward improving their CGPA through BIM courses. Results showed that 3D parametric modeling and outcomes of BIM learning are correlated. For future research, the focus can be shifted to other BIM competencies, such as the managerial, functional, technical, and support aspects of BIM
Multidimensional Poverty Across Agroecology in Occidental Mindoro, Philippines
Get PDFPoverty in the context of rural farming is site-specific. The differences in natural resource endowment and availability of social services across Agroecology shape farming households' well-being. In the Philippines, there is a scant supply of comparative studies on the multidimensional poverty situation across different farming systems. This study aimed to close this knowledge gap by assessing the multidimensional poverty and its determinants across upland, lowland, and coastal farming areas in Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. Using the Alkire-Foster methodology, data from 210 randomly selected farming households revealed that five of seven households are multidimensionally poor. The coastal area registered the highest Multidimensional Poverty Index at 0.41, where most households are deprived of education, decent housing, clean fuel source, paved access road, and farmland. Also, the analysis exposed the poverty dominance of indigenous farming households over non-indigenous migrant households. For all the Agroecology, the households' lack of education and incapacity to take on economic opportunities and secure productive assets limits them from investing in things that improve their living conditions. Estimates of binary logistic regression showed that non-indigenous farming households with female and educated householders, fewer dependents, larger agricultural holdings, access to formal credits, and non-farm business are significantly less likely to fall into poverty. The local government and concerned development organizations may consider investing in social protection programs that improve access to formal education, spur on-farm and non-farm livelihood opportunities, and enhance public infrastructure services to reduce multidimensional poverty in Occidental Mindoro