International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology
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Does Inquiry-based Education Using Robots Have an Effect on Learners’ Inquiry Skills, Subject Knowledge and Skills, and Motivation?
Get PDFRobots have been applied in science education for a long time. Inquiry-based learning, as a student-centred method to discover different relations, has been considered as an effective learning approach in science education and robots are often used to apply student-guided inquiry. It is, however, not clear what the effect of inquiry-based scenarios is in learning science when students’ motivation and novelty effect are taken into account. In our study, we tested seven inquiry-based scenarios in secondary school physics with a sample of 47 students in the experiment classes and 41 in the control classes. Results revealed that the inquire-based scenarios improved students’ inquiry skills and subject knowledge and skills in the case of the experiment classes and also in the case of the control classes. Study motivation did not improve in the study, explained by the fact that the schools have used robots previously in learning and the novelty effect has faded out. Based on our discussion, the use of robots in education needs to focus more on supporting students’ thinking activities and on increasing their awareness about their own skills and learning process. Further studies are needed to understand in-depth how teachers’ activities in the classroom might have an effect on the usability of robots in education and how students’ thinking and awareness of the learning process could be improved in order to have a stronger effect on learning outcomes as well
Stress-Strain Relationship of High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete using Silica Fume and Steel Fiber
Get PDFDisaster mitigation in the world of civil engineering can do by improving the performance of construction materials using High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (HPFRC). The increasing performance of concrete materials positively affects the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete produced, including the modulus of elasticity. Many equations develop to calculate the distribution of stress-strain of concrete material, such as the Madrid Parabola Formula, Desay & Khrisnan Formula, Majewski Formula, Wang & Hsu Formula, and Saenz Formula. The purpose of this study is to investigate a stress-strain distribution equation and the elastic modulus of elasticity of HPFRC using Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) with variations in the composition of silica fume and steel fiber and also investigate the formula of the HPFRC stress-strain distribution. The study conduct using f 15 cm x 30 cm cylindrical specimens. The materials are PPC, sand, gravel, water, silica fume additives, superplasticizers, and Dramix @ 3D steel fiber. Silica fume used varies from 0.0% to 15.0% of the weight of cement. While the steel fiber varies from 0.2% to 1.4% of the volume of the concrete mixture. The compressive strength test carries out refers to ASTM C39/C39M-03, 2003. The stress-strain relationship of HPFRC is obtained from the axial deformation measurement using an extensometer. The results of the study compare with some well-known stress-strain relationship equation. From this study, the stress-strain relationship formula of Desay-Khrisnan is rather suitable for the concrete with W/B ratio variation, but not suitable for silica fume and steel fiber content variation
Numerical Analysis of a Friedlander Localized Blast Load on a Rigid Roadway Pavement Using Levy’s Problem
Get PDFThe increasing number of terrorist attacks in recent years have shown that in designing structures such as floor slabs and rigid roadway pavement, the effect of blast loads should be taken into consideration. In this study, we analyze the blasting effect on the rigid roadway pavements and provide a numerical example of a toll road shoulder section exposed to this blast load. We assumed that the rigid roadway slab is connected by dowels and tie-bars along its edges. Furthermore, we modeled the blast as a Friedlander blast load, where it is initially a positive pressure before decreasing to a negative pressure due to drag. We obtained the vertical shear force that is carried by the dowels and tie-bars along its edges, the time history of the rigid roadway slab deflection, and identified the parameters of the sub-grade that has significant effects on the dynamic response of the rigid roadway pavement. We carried out the numerical analysis using the first and the second type of Levy’s problem to find the Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors and to predict the maximum deformed shape, the maximum vertical shear forces along the joint of the rigid roadway pavement subjected to the blast load. Our results show that the duration ratio of the blast loading, the thickness of the slab, and the stiffness coefficient of the soil has a significant influence on the dynamic response of the slab. This paper provides essential techniques in increasing the capacity of a rigid roadway slab against explosive effects
CallDetect: Detection of Call Log Exploitation Inspired by Apoptosis
Get PDFCurrently, we saw the increment trend of mobile application(app) exploitation that leads to loss of confidential information and money. Many malware camouflages itself as a genuine mobile app or exploits vulnerabilities inside mobile apps. Hence, this paper presents a mobile app called CallDetect that detects Android Application Interface (API) exploitation for call logs inspired by apoptosis. Apoptosis is known as cell-programmed death, and it is part of the human immunology system. Once it suspects any danger that might cause any harm to the human body, it will kill the suspected danger and itself. In the case of CallDetect, it will scan and uninstall the potentially malicious mobile application on a mobile phone. CallDetect consists of 13 new classifications of API call log, which are used as the database for CallDetect. These classifications were built by using static analysis and open source tools in a controlled lab environment. There were 5560 training datasets from Drebin and 550 anonymous testing dataset from Google Playstore. Our finding showed that 39 mobile apps, or 7%, were identified with possible call log exploitation. This paper can be used as a reference for call log API exploitation and can be further enhanced by integrating it with permission and system call exploitation
Quality of Enriched Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Dairy Cattle Wastes on Closed Agriculture System
Get PDFLiquid organic fertilizer (LOF) supplementation for solid organic fertilizer can accelerate the availability of plant nutrients. However, the nutrient content of LOF is highly dependent on its sources. The objective of the experiment was to examine the nutrient content of enriched liquid organic fertilizer from dairy cattle wastes. The experiment was conducted at Closed Agriculture Production System Research Station located in Air Duku Village, Bengkulu, Indonesia, at 1054 m above sea level. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with ten treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of LOF from dairy cattle wastes enriched with Tithonia diversifolia, Ageratum conyzoides, Leucaena leucocephala, and Gliricidia sepium, their combination with phosphate rock, the combination of Tithonia diversifolia, and Ageratum conyzoides, and control. The LOF solution was anaerobically incubated for six weeks. The experiment indicated that during the incubation, solution pH declined for the first two weeks, gradually increased up to week 6. At the end of incubation, control exhibited the highest pH as compared to those with enrichment, indicating that decomposition of green biomass released a considerable amount of hydrogen. Enrichment of LOF considerably increased the contents of C, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. The addition of phosphate rock to biomasses did not contribute a prominent increase in phosphorus content, possibly due to its low solubility at high pH. LOF enrichment with Tithonia diversifolia and Ageratum conyzoides had the highest N, P, and Mg contents. Therefore, the enrichment is the most potential for LOF production in closed agriculture system
Sensitivity Analysis of Rainfall-Runoff Model in Malino Sub-Watershed
Get PDFOvertime, science has been developing and trying to use modelling system in the management of hydrology. In this paper, we present a sensitivity analysis for the HEC-HMS rainfall-runoff model. Sensitivity analysis is used to determine the parameter which most influences the result of the model. The main objective of this research is to investigate the sensitivity of parameter in model and to analyze the influence of the graph types used for unit hydrograph. In addition, we also compare the result of lumped and semi-distributed models based on stream order to analyse a common watershed issue. This study will make a model of rainfall-runoff using a sub-catchment distribution method based on stream order. ArcGIS and HEC-HMS were used as softwares to process data. The data needed in this study come from secondary data sourced from various sources. The data that will be processed first is DEM (Digital Elevation Model). DEM used in this study was sourced from the Geospatial Information Agency or commonly referred to as DEMNAS (The National DEM). ArcGIS will process geospatial data in the form of DEM which data results can be used directly to make model in HEC-HMS. Then, the results of the rainfall-runoff model will be calibrated using observed unit hydrograph. From the result of sensitivity analysis, it was concluded that impervious is the most sensitive parameter. Moreover, this paper also can be used as guidelines for use in rainfall-runoff modelling on HEC-HMS
Fiber-Wireless Testbed using Software Defined Radio for Protocol and Algorithm Testing
Get PDFFiber-Wireless (FiWi) network can provide abundant bandwidth capacity and mobility to the end-users. It also eliminates the need of having complete tedious end-to-end fiber installation from the central office to the users, which saves tremendous capital expenditure. However, FiWi is still progressing. Researchers worldwide are still developing experimental works for improvement on the network reliability, quality-of-services and security. Almost all recently proposed testbed designed for FiWi are using hardware that lacks in programmability feature, making it challenging to implement any protocols and algorithms. A testbed must be flexible, scalable and reprogrammable so that various experiments and testing can be implemented easily for testing purposes. In this paper, a reprogrammable FiWi testbed using software-defined radio (SDR) is proposed. One of the most prominent SDR available in the market is Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP). It is chosen to be used in this paper as it is equipped with a user-friendly programming platform; LabVIEW. To test the testbed’s reprogrammability feature, two algorithms are implemented for proof-of-concept; collision avoidance and dynamic bandwidth allocation. The collision avoidance algorithm is implemented in the wireless side of the testbed using the concept of Carrier Sensing Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance. At the fiber domain, a dynamic bandwidth allocation-limited scheduling is incorporated in the testbed. The results show that algorithms implemented in the testbed are in-line with the expected results. It proves that the testbed can be used for future algorithm testing for research purposes
Using Some Wavelet Shrinkage Techniques and Robust Methods to Estimate the Generalized Additive Model Parameters in Non-Linear Models
Get PDFIn this paper, the method of estimating the Generalized Additive Models (GAM) was highlighted, and a proposed robust weighted composition was found by combining the robust M method with the smoothing splines to estimate the Robust Generalized Additive Model and its notation is (RGAM). This estimator is used to deal with the effect of the presence of outliers in the data that do not fit into the overall data pattern by relying on some of the weight functions of the robust M method. Wavelet Shrinkage technique is used as well, which has been proposed as a smoothing of data using several types of wavelet filters in calculating the discrete wavelet transformation and relying on it in estimating the wavelet generalized additive model symbolized by (WGAM). In the case of using the simulation method, when data is contaminated with distributions ((t) Dis., Exp. Dis.) And with contamination rates (5%, 15%, 35%) and with sample sizes (50,150,300) it is noted that the smoothing method is with the Bisequare weight (BRGAM). It had a better performance compared to the rest of the methods for the simulated scenarios covered. The GCV criterion showed a marked advantage over other criteria, especially when estimating the model in the proposed robust M (RGAM) model. Some statistical criteria have been adopted. These criteria of the Generalized Additive Model (GAM) is used to compare estimation methods, the proposed methods were tested on simulation experiments as well as on real data collected from Ibn Sina Learning Hospital on cases of short stature, and the RGAM method gave the best results compared to the ordinary GAM and WGAM methods, and that by obtaining the smallest GCV value, this is because it is responsible for selecting the most suitable smoothing parameter for the smoothing spline estimator
Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Motor Current Signature Analysis and the Artificial Neural Network
Get PDFBearings are critical components in rotating machinery. The need for easy and effective bearings fault diagnosis techniques has led to developing different monitoring approaches. In this research, however, a fault diagnosis system for bearings is developed based on the motor current signature analysis (MCSA) technique. Firstly, a test rig was built, and then different bearing faults were simulated and investigated in the test rig. Three current sensors, type SCT013, were interfaced to Arduino MEGA 2560 microcontroller and utilized together for data acquisition. The time-domain signals analysis technique was utilized to extract some characteristic features that are related to the simulated faults. It was noticed that the simulated bearing faults have led to generating vibrations in the induction motors, which in turn cause a change in its magnetic field. For classification (identification) of the extracted features, the artificial neural network (ANN) was employed. An ANN model was developed using the Matlab ANN toolbox to detect the simulated faults and give an indication about the machine health state. The obtained features from the captured motor current signals were utilized for training the ANN model. The results showed the effectiveness of using MCSA based on the time-domain signal analysis in combination with ANN in diagnosis different bearings faults
The Impact of LRT Jabodebek in Enforcing Capability of the Intercity Transportation Network in the Greater Jakarta Area
Get PDFJakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Jabodetabek or Greater Jakarta) is the greater capital region in Indonesia. Unfortunately, the fast growth of the population in Jabodetabek was not supported by a good growth or improvement of public transportation. The transportation network was predicted and evaluated to suffer considerable congestion by 2020. The current presence of Bus Rapid Transit and Commuter Line were insufficient to accommodate the current demand for the total number of trips in urban and suburban areas. Additionally, land availability and cost budgeting condition extend this issue to be more challenging. Thus, civil engineers and the government’s decision and collaboration contribute a significant role in solving and suggesting an optimal decision to strengthening transportation in Jabodetabek. Light Rail Transit (LRT) becomes a prominent answer to solve this problem, integrating the suburban to an urban area and reduce the traveling time. This paper evaluates the impact of LRT Jabodetabek in improving the capacity of traffic for the Greater Jakarta area and measure the effectiveness of LRT Jabodetabek. From this study, the analysis showed the positive contribution of LRT Jabodetabek in improving the longing dilemma by 2025. The paper also suggested future development of LRT Jabodetabek in optimizing the effectiveness through expanding its routes