International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology
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2006 research outputs found
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Genetic Diversity and Chemicals Profile of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in Indonesia
Get PDFZingiber officinale is a medicinal plant used to treat various ailments by many ethnic groups in Indonesia. Information on genetic variation and chemical profiling of this plant, especially in the traditional herbal formula in Indonesia, is still limited. The objective of this study was to determine genetic variation and chemical profiling of Zingiber officinale accessions to compile database information. Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of Z. officinale, and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) was used to analyze chemical profiling. Dice index similarity was used to calculate a similarity index between accessions, and Unweighted Pair Group Method Using Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) was used to construct a dendrogram. The ISSR method for genetic profiling proved that Z. officinale from 14 selected ethnic groups were divided into three clusters. The similarity index among Z. officinale accessions ranged from 0.567 to 0.971, indicating high genetic diversity. The high degree of genetic variety detected by ISSR markers demonstrated the marker's efficiency in detecting variation in this Z. offcinale germplasm collection. The FTIR technique's phytochemical profile of Z. officinale analysis shows slight differences in spectra and can be grouped into three clusters. There was no correlation of clustering of Z. officinale accessions between geographical origins based on genetic and chemical profiles. Our findings may be valuable information for breeding, conservation, and utilization of Z. officinale
Geochemistry Acidic Water of Banyupait River Effect Seepage of Crater Water Ijen Volcano, Asembagus, Indonesia
Get PDFThe Ijen volcano has the Pleistocene age, and this stratovolcano was very acidic crater water with a pH of 0-1. The acidic water seeps into the Banyupait River. Asembagus is a research area located on the northern slope of the Ijen volcano, and the Banyupait River drains this. This study used several different analytic methodologies with some previous researchers, namely geological mapping, pH measurement, spectrophotometry, IRMS (Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer), and the technique of Induced Coupled Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Besides, the petrographic analysis is used to determine rock minerals' composition due to rocks interacting with acidic water. Banyupait River water in the Asembagus area has a pH of river water around 3-7.3, SO4 (220-683 ppm), and the type of water is meteoric water. Also, Ca, K, and Mg concentrations in the west Banyupait river irrigation water flow showed higher levels than the eastern. Likewise, REE elements from the Asembagus region showed lower concentrations compared to Ijen Crater water. This change in the level of chemical elements is caused by the Banyupait River's acidity being diluted or mixed with water from other water. The process of acidic water interaction with rocks can also be observed from rocks traversed by the Banyupait River flow. Chalcedony and hematite replace the primary minerals of basaltic rocks. This research is expected to improve the quality of water needed by the Asembagus community to live healthily
The Utilization of Wastewater from Catfish Pond to Culture Azolla microphylla
Get PDFTo maintain pond water quality, a large amount of wastewater is discharged. The wastewater degrades the environment and annoys nearby residents. This wastewater is the potential for growing Azolla microphylla, a valuable floating fern for different purposes. This research aims to observe the effect of water replacing period and mechanical aeration on the growth of A. microphylla and the wastewater quality. A 20-gram of A. microphylla biomass was inoculated in a plastic-layered wooden box (50×30×20cm) filled with catfish pond wastewater, and then designed treatments were applied for a 12-day experiment. A completely randomized design with two factorial arrangements was implemented. The first factor was the period of water replacement consisted of four levels: no replacement (E0), once in 2 days (E1), once in 4 days (E2), and once in 6 days (E3). The second factor was mechanical aeration consisted of three levels: no mechanical aeration (A0), 12-hour aeration (A1), and 24-hour aeration (A2). Parameters to be observed were Azolla biomass and water quality (temperature, pH, turbidity, and ammonium). The data set was analyzed using ANOVA followed by LSD multiple comparisons. Results revealed that interaction of the water replacing periods and the mechanical aeration significantly affected water quality (temperature, pH, turbidity, ammonium) but was not significant for the yield of A. microphylla biomass. The factor of water replacing period alone significantly affected the growth of A. microphylla. The E2 treatment was the most promising option, with a biomass yield of 804 g/m2 within 12-day cultivation
Methodology for Business Intelligence Solutions in Internet Banking Companies
Get PDFBusiness intelligence in the banking industry has been studied extensively in the last decade; however, business executives still do not perceive efficiency in the decision-making process since the management and treatment of information are very time-consuming for the deliverer, generating costs in the process. On the other hand, there is no formal methodology for developing business intelligence solutions in this sector. This work aims to optimize decision-making in a business unit that works with internet banking companies, reducing the time, the number of people, and the costs involved in decision-making. To meet the objective, basic and applied research was conducted. The basic research allowed the construction of a new methodology from a study of critical success factors and approaches from the business intelligence literature. The applied research involved the implementation of a business intelligence solution applying the new methodology in a pre-experimental study. Thirty decision-making processes were analyzed using pre-test and post-test data. Tools such as a stopwatch and observation were used to collect and record data on time spent, the number of people, and the decision-making costs. This information was processed in the specialized Minitab18 statistical software, which allowed the observation and confirmation of relevant results regarding time reduction, the number of people, and the costs generated. Therefore, it was concluded that the business intelligence solution, applying the new methodology, optimized decision making in the business unit that works with internet banking for companies
Surface Performance of Biochar from Young Coconut Shells (Cocos Nucifera) for Cd2+ Ion Adsorption
Get PDFUsing agricultural waste such as young coconut shells could reduce environmental pollution and support the zero-waste principle. This study aims to prepare and analyze biochar from young coconut shells and determine adsorption ability. The biochar was prepared by pyrolysis with varying temperatures, 400oC, 500oC, and 600oC, and the resulting yield was 41.21%, 32.65%, and 29.79%, respectively. The biochar produced has met the Indonesian National Standard SNI 06-3730-1995 for moisture, ash, and the content of the amount of bound carbon in the biochar. Pore morphological characteristics and biochar elements were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Disperse Spectrophotometry (SEM) -EDS at 300x, 1000x, 3000x, and 10000x magnification. The pore size was 50 ïm, 10 ïm, 5 ïm, and 1 ïm with predominantly mass of element C 78.63%, atom C 85.18%. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) measured the concentration of cadmium ions adsorbed using two variables; pH variable and biochar weigh variable. The absorption capacity in the pH variation indicates an increase in pH will increase the concentration of cadmium ions adsorbed, while the weight variation shows the fluctuated trend after 500 mg. The study showed an optimum biochar weight of 500 mg adsorbed 99.99% of cadmium ion. The pore size and the resulting carbon content, and the adsorption power of cadmium ions indicate that the biochar from young coconut shells has the potential to be developed industrially into activated carbon, which can be used as an adsorbent for industrial and domestic wastewater
Designing and Calculating Bandwidth of the LTE Network for Rural Areas
Get PDFThe standard of broadband mobile communication LTE can be used to build a mobile communication network in remote populations and provide the population with modern mobile communication services, such as video calls, data transmission, high-speed mobile Internet, Internet TV, etc. In this work, a LTE network has been designed, and the network capacity has been calculated for a certain area. Muynak of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, located in the northwest of the Republic of Uzbekistan, was taken as the territory. The paper presents the characteristics of the selected equipment required for the construction of the mobile network, calculations of network bandwidth, number of potential and active network subscribers, the number of base stations, the average bandwidth of the projected network, the average traffic per subscriber in the busy hour, the radio frequency plan, the geographical location of the base stations, and the LTE network design scheme has been developed. In addition, the characteristics of the number of potential subscribers are described in tabular form, as well as graphs of the number of base stations, the average bandwidth of the designed network, the total traffic of the designed network depending on the number of potential subscribers. The LTE network frequency plan has been developed for the city of Muynak. The designed network will increase the number of subscribers to 12,000 without reducing bandwidth
The Effect of Public Transportation Management to the City Planning in Medan
Get PDFThe movement of human flows, vehicles, and goods leads to various interactions. Almost all interactions require us to travel. Therefore, the result is the movement of traffic flows. In general, transportation planning makes interaction as easy and efficient as possible. Transportation management is an integral part of city planning. The city plan will cause many traffic problems without considering the transportation patterns. Good urban transportation systems should make public transportation the primary means of mobility; however, people are still reluctant to use public transport in developing countries such as Indonesia. There are still many people who prefer to use private transportation. This study aims to analyze the effect of public transportation management on city planning in Medan. The samples of this research are all the users of public transportations at Medan who are 400 people. The collection methods are coming interviews, distribution of questionnaires, and documentary studies. The data analysis method used in this study is the multiple regression linear analysis. The research results showed that simultaneous transportation encompasses means of transportation, transport infrastructure, service quality, accessibility, public transport routes, and the integration of modes. These significantly affect city planning in Medan, with mode integration being a partially dominant factor of influence. The services of different ways of transport should be integrated with an easy and convenient mode transfer scope
Optimization of Search Environments for Learning Contexts
Get PDFThis article proposes an improvement of search engines in a learning or training context. Indeed, the learner requests resources or learning content in a training or learning situation. The same goes for the trainer, who wishes to select the appropriate resources available to his learners. Unfortunately, existing search engines produce an enormous mass of content but sometimes do not match the learning context, thus causing an enormous loss of time for the learner or the teacher to find the appropriate resources among this important batch. Therefore, we suggest associating a complementary layer with search engines to extract the most relevant information related to learning or training situations from the engine results. For this purpose, an integrated filter eliminates irrelevant results to the current learning or training situation; and performs a weighted reclassification of these results based on Bloom’s taxonomy. In terms of the HMI, this layer allows having more informative result snippets. The experimentation of this environment is based on Google APIs. According to the Bloom hierarchy, the classification of the user question and the classification of the search results are carried out from Natural Language Processing based on Logistic Regression of Machine Learning Algorithms. The result obtained presents an intuitively favorable environment for education, leading to the implementation of a specific search engine capable of collecting, storing, and indexing educational concepts in the next stage of this project. A project to empirically evaluate the results obtained is currently underway
Selection of Aggregation Function in Fuzzy Inference System for Metabolic Syndrome
Get PDFMetabolic syndrome (MetS) has long-term, very detrimental effects, including chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. Therefore, early detection of MetS is very important. Numerous global health organizations have made some Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) diagnosis criteria, but they are still mostly in a dichotomous form. On the other hand, a continuous MetS risk score has been proven to be more sensitive and with less risk of error. This study aims to build a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) model. MetS diagnostic criteria issued by NCEP-APT III are used as a reference for generating rules. This model uses max, probor, and additive functions to obtain membership values as a result of rules aggregation in seven steps: 1) Identification of variables; 2) Determination of fuzzy sets and their membership functions; 3) Knowledge base generation; 4) Implementation of the implication functions; 5) Fuzzy rules aggregation; 6) Defuzzification; 7) Performance testing of the model and selecting the best aggregation function. The findings show the max function as the most suitable function for the aggregation process with an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision value of 100% according to the measurement results with NCEP-ATP III. A continuous risk score between 0% and 99.99% is considered a non-high risk, whereas a score of 100% indicates a high risk. This function also has an ideal risk value distribution according to the neighborhood level of the NCEP-ATP III diagnostic criteria
Native Bacillus subtilis Strains Efficiently Control Lupin Anthracnose Both under Greenhouse and in Field Conditions
Get PDFColletotrichum acutatum is the cause of lupin anthracnose in the Andean zone. The pathogen affects the crop throughout its entire production cycle, causing losses of up to 100%. In previous studies, native strains of B. subtilis (CtpxS1-1; CtpxS2-1 and CtpxZ3) from the province of Cotopaxi reduced anthracnose infections in seed and seedlings. This study evaluated the potential biological control of these strains by using two lupin anthracnose susceptible cultivars under greenhouse conditions and in the field. Plants of I-451 Güaranguito and I-450 Andino cultivars were treated with active biomass from each B. subtilis strain. Pre-inoculated plants that received a bacterial concentration of 1 × 109 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml) showed a reduction by ten times in the stem lesion diameter when compared with plants artificially infected with the pathogen alone in greenhouse evaluations. Sequential applications of antagonists every two-week allow for quantifying their biocontrol efficiency under field conditions. A significant (