International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology
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The Growth and Carcass Quality Performance of Ciayumajakuning Muscovy Ducks First Offspring
Get PDFMuscovy ducks are meat-producing poultry, and meat quality is affected by growth performance and carcass quality. This research aimed to investigate the growth performance and carcass quality of the best Muscovy ducks and determine the regions from which Muscovy ducks with the best performance and carcass quality. This study used 120 Muscovy ducks aged 1-6 months (60 drakes and 60 ducks) collected from the regencies in this study (15 drakes and ducks each). An experimental method was conducted in a factorial, completely randomized design. The first factor was the Muscovy ducks’ place of origin Ciayumajakuning (Cirebon, Indramayu, Majalengka, and Kuningan), and the second factor was the sex of Muscovy ducks (drake and duck) with three replicates for each treatment. The result showed that the interaction in Muscovy ducks’ growth performance was non-existent. Muscovy ducks from Kuningan had the most significant growth performance and carcass quality from Cirebon, Indramayu, and Majalengka. It was evident from the qualities of drake vs. duck Muscovy ducks, such as feed consumption (21,92 vs. 14,11 kg), body weight (3,48 vs. and 2,14 kg), mortality (3,17% vs. 3,53), feed conversion (6.59 vs. 6.30). Additionally, Muscovy ducks had 71,26% carcass percentage, 80,85% edible cuts, 19,15% inedible cuts, 19,53% meat protein, 6,89% meat fat and 72,58% meat fatty acid. Conclusively, Kuningan Muscovy ducks had better growth performance and carcass quality than those of Cirebon, Indramayu, and Majalengka
A Study on Feature of Online Platform with Exploiting Blockchain for International Onshore Students
Get PDFWith the advent of blockchain technology and the associated cryptocurrencies, industries, including an online platform for international students, can transform many life changes. We suggest the blockchain technology feature that is impossible to correct or delete the recorded facts to gain greater efficiency in overseas studying management systems among international onshore students and study onshore agencies and universities. It has dual aims for overseas studying online platforms to increase competency and stimulate adoption of long-term overseas studying counseling, studying design, and overseas studying management for international students to enter the target university. It has generally achieved its first aim. Its issues are hindering the accomplishment of the second. Several solutions have been proposed to improve overseas studying procedures, yet none has considered the revolutionary advancement to prevent fraud and falsification issues. In this paper, we propose an online platform for studying in Korea with exploiting blockchain technology to provide trustworthy information. A key to this research's success is a scalable and distributed blockchain technology, which has been applied as a distributed transaction book and smart contract. Accordingly, we aim to improve the procedure so that international students can design their study abroad plan and choose qualified intermediaries as needed. Blockchain can replace the delivery of paper documents and verify the uploaded original's integrity and the increase of satisfaction of studying abroad by providing an online platform
Shortwave Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging for the Determination and Visualization of Chemical Contents of Wheat and Tuber Flour
Get PDFUnderstanding the physicochemical properties of flour in food preparation is important to determine the appropriate food utilization and processing. Some crops are processed into flour to improve their shelf life and extend their applications in food preparation. This study employed shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging (SWIR HSI) coupled with multivariate analyses to determine wheat's protein, starch, amylose, glucose, and moisture compositions and several tuber flours. Tubers used were arrowroot, Canna edulis, modified cassava flour, taro, and sweet potato (purple, yellow, and white color). Hyperspectral images of all flour samples were captured using the SWIR HSI system at the wavelength range of 895–2504 nm in reflectance mode. The extracted spectral data were then processed and analyzed using partial least square regression (PLSR). Normalization (mean, max, and range), multiple scatter correction, standard normal variate, first and second Savitzky–Golay derivatives, and smoothing spectral pre-processing were applied to reduce scattering noise resulting from the HSI system. The PLSR models predicted the chemical concentrations of all samples with coefficients of determination of 0.85-0.97, 0.83-0.96, and 0.85-0.96 for calibration, validation, and prediction, respectively. Moreover, the models resulted in standard errors of 0.61-27.26, 0.63-27.71, and 0.63-29.14 for calibration, validation, and prediction. The concentration and distribution of protein, starch, amylose, glucose, and moisture in the flour samples were visualized by chemical imaging. This paper confirmed the potential of HSI for the rapid interpretation of chemical contents in different flour samples
Scalar Damage Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Beam Under Polarized Monotonic Stress Field Using Ultrasonic Pulses
Get PDFThe extensive use of concrete has increased the demand for reliable non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques to investigate aging structures thoroughly. Among these NDE techniques, the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test stands out because of its versatility in-field application and its relatively low cost. Unfortunately, despite the promising results of UPV and pulse attenuation, its dependency on the nature of the applied stress is continuously overlooked. This research pioneered an approach that focused on developing a scalar damage model that relates the damage variable to the nature and the intensity of the applied stresses, concrete strength, and steel ratio. The results showed that transducers placed at different locations exhibited different deterioration rates of which the higher the applied stress intensity, the higher the scalar damage's inclination angle. Transducers placed in concrete under compression stress deteriorate earlier as compared to concrete under tension. As the steel ratio and concrete strength increase, the inclination angle of the elastic data trend also decreases. It was established in this research that beams with ductile response to the applied load tend to have a larger inclination angle for the elastic data trend while its UPV readings at the data trend's transition are greater than 3000 m/s which is conventionally accepted as concrete within normal to good quality although the beam undergoes critical stress redistribution as it approaches plastic hinging. Ultimately, this study showed that the scalar damage model exhibited superiority in quantitatively monitoring early damage propagation, in contrast to UPV reading and pulse attenuation
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Extracts of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook. f. & Thomson
Get PDFIn the preliminary study, endophytic fungi associated with Tinospora crispa have been reported as antibacterial that assayed by TLC-bioautography. While more comprehensive studies for antibacterial activity using microdilution, total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and their relationship of extracts of fungal endophytes from this plant have never been investigated yet. This research aims to assess antibacterial activity, total phenolic, total flavonoid, and their relationship of fungal extracts associated with T. crispa. Based on morphological identification, this study revealed that endophytic Phomopsis sp. is the most isolated fungi (35% of fungal isolate composition). Based on the microdilution method, morphological and molecular identification showed that the fungal extracts performing a vigorous antibacterial activity (MIC value
COVID-19 Double-Decrement Model Forecasting for South Korean Population
Get PDFSince the first case in November 2019, COVID-19 has spread fast, infected many people, and taken many lives. Once COVID-19 cases are confirmed, and hospital treatments are required, they will need high costs yet still be at risk of death. Therefore, insurance companies and social service providers need a reliable model to estimate the expenses and ensure their financial health. This study discusses the modeling of time-until-release and time-until-death since cases are confirmed, using the South Korean data. Double-decrement model is assumed to follow Weibull and log-logistic hazard for time-until-release and time-until-death, respectively. Considered risk factors are sex, symptoms, age group, and the month when the case is confirmed. The nonlinear survival regression model is proposed, with the Solver function in Microsoft Excel for parameter estimation. The results suggest that virus lifespan and mortality risk get lower over time. Time-until-death is also lower, implying that we have less time to save lives from mortality risk. More frequent testing with faster results and not waiting for the symptoms to occur is needed for people under thirty years old due to shorter time-until-death and those at sixty and above due to higher case fatality rates. Full dose vaccination must be prioritized for ages sixty and above to save as many lives as possible
Identification of Soybean Husk and Cow Manure Metabolites after Vermicomposting
Get PDFSoybean husk and cow manure are organic wastes that can be used as raw materials for making organic fertilizers through vermicomposting technique. To explore the potential, it was necessary to identify the vermicompost metabolites produced. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), a powerful tool, was used to identify metabolites that characterize vermicompost. The purpose of this study was to identify vermicompost metabolites derived from different proportions of soybean husk and cow manure. Information obtained can guide alternative soybean husk and cow manure use, especially as raw materials for organic vermicompost fertilizer. The materials used in this study consisted of soybean husk, cow manure and lumbricus rubellus earthworms. This vermicomposting study was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five treatments and five replicates. The treatment details are: V1 = soybean husk (100%); V2 = cow manure (100%), V3 = soybean husk : cow manure (50%: 50%); V4 = soybean husk : cow manure (75%: 25%) and V5 = soybean husk : cow manure (25%: 75%). Metabolites were analyzed using GC-MS and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. Based on GC-MS analyses of all treatments (V1-V5), metabolites were identified consist of sugar compounds, amino acid compounds, organic acids, vitamins, and hormones. Consistent relationships between chromatograms of treatment V1-V5 were directly proportional to the LSD test results; treatment V5 consistently yielded the highest total area under the curve
Gravitational Base Parameters Identification for a Knee Rehabilitation Parallel Robot
Get PDFNew robotic technology is emerging nowadays to tackle lower limb rehabilitation issues. However, the commercial robots available for lower limb rehabilitation are usually oversize and expensive. Knee rehabilitation is generally aided by a professional therapist, making this clinical procedure an interesting scope for robotics. Parallel robots are suitable candidates for knee rehabilitation due to their high load capacity, stiffness, and accuracy compared to serial ones. In contrast, this robot has singular configurations inside its workspace, and its dynamic model is generally complex. For these reasons, a parallel robot for knee rehabilitation needs an advanced control unit to solve complex mathematical problems that ensure patient security. This study proposes the base parameters identification of a compact gravitational linear model of a 3UPS+RPU parallel robot using singular value decomposition. This paper recommends adding a statistical method focused on condition number minimization to the singular value decomposition process. This statistical method reduces the computational resources taken searching for the best inertial parameters combination at the beginning of the base parameter identification. The gravitational base parameters identified have a physical meaning and low complexity. This fact makes the results of this research the basis of an adaptative control applied to 3UPS+RPU parallel robot. This study shows that the gravitational term is the most influential for knee rehabilitation tasks, compared with the inertial, Coriolis, and centrifugal components, regarding the dynamic behavior of the parallel robot
Prediction of Bandung District Land Use Change Using Markov Chain Modeling
Get PDFLand conversion has occurred and converted into non-agricultural purposes in Bandung district, Indonesia. Consequently, the availability of agricultural land has decreased. The tendency of accessibility to infrastructure, natural resources, and population growth contribute to land-use change. This study aims to identify the relationship between distance accessibility factors such as distance to road, river, city center, slope and population density, and the land conversion in Bandung district. In this study, three multitemporal land use data (2007, 2012, and 2017) were used to determine transition probability matrix land-use change and predict land use in 2027. ArcGIS and Idrisi Selva software were used to simulate the land-use change in 2007–2017 and land use projection in 2027 using the Markov Chain model. The study resulted in Bandung district during 2007 to 2017 there was a decline in the areas of forest (0.03%), garden/plantation (7.02%), dryland (3.48%), paddy field (3.07%), and bushes (3.56%). Meanwhile, 34.57% of settlement and 11.44% of water bodies area increased in 2017. Land use was converted into settlement/built-up (18%), paddy fields (2.6%), water bodies (0.3%) and forest (0.1%). Distance to road, river, city center, and slope factor tended a negative correlation, while population density factor obtained positively correlated to the extent of land-use change. Land use prediction in 2027 resulting the most extensive land use was for paddy fields (22.58%), followed by forest (19.00%), garden/plantation (18.13%), settlement/built-up area (16.38%), dryland (12.32%), bushes (11.21%), and water bodies area (0.38%)
The Improvement of Maize Cobs Quality through Soaking in Firewood Ash Filtrate and Its Impact on In Vitro Rumen Fermentability and Digestibility
Get PDFMaize cobs can be used as a ruminant’s feed, but low digestibility and its quality can be improved by soaking in firewood ash filtrate (FAF). The study aimed to test FAF treatments' effect on rumen fermentation and digestibility using a completely randomized design. Firewood ashes were obtained from Sumedang, Indramayu, and Bogor Regencies. The maize cobs were soaked by FAF at a ratio of 1:1 (w/v) for 3 hours at different concentration, i.e. 0.05 w/v (FA5), 0.10 w/v (FA10), 0.15 w/v (FA15), and 0.20 w/v (FA20). In vitro evaluation was done to measure the fermentability and digestibility of diets containing maize cobs soaked by FAF 0.20 w/v at the levels of 10% (MFA10), 20% (MFA20), 30% (MFA30), and 40% (MFA40). The results showed that firewood ash contained Calcium (Ca, 10.03%), Magnesium (Mg, 1.45%), Sodium (Na, 0.91%), and Potassium (K, 3.11%). The pH of FAF ranged from 11.46 to 12.16. The levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and crude fiber (CF) decreased significantly (