International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology
Not a member yet
2006 research outputs found
Sort by
A Simple Stilt Structure Technique for Earthquake Resistance of Wooden Vernacular Houses in Bima, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia
Get PDFThe existence of local building structures in Bima vernacular architecture is the research object in this study. The condition of the Bima Regency, which is prone to tectonic and volcanic earthquakes, is the context that influences the structure of the wooden stilt houses. This vulnerability occurs because of two earthquake fault lines flanking the Sumbawa island and an active volcano, Mount Tambora. Identification of Bima vernacular houses' structures and their effectiveness in reducing deformation due to earthquakes become the aims of this study. Data collection uses field observation methods to identify local building structures and construction systems. It also uses digital simulation to determine diagonal bar elements' effectiveness on the stage structure in reducing deformation due to an earthquake. The results showed that the stilt structure consisting of post components with corbels to support the beams, double beams arranged in a cross, diagonal bars, and wooden pegs were structures that maintained their existence. The existence of this stilt structure technique is part of the local seismic culture of the Bima community. The simulation result shows that diagonal bars' presence reduces deformation in structural elements due to earthquake loads. The synergy between structural components occurs in the construction of the Bima vernacular house structure. Thus, the system, form, and material of the Bima stilt structure can reference the development of earthquake-resistant houses in Indonesia
Biodiesel Produced from Pangasius Oil Operating a Diesel Engine: Case Study in Vietnam
Get PDFFossil fuel is one of the sources leading to the increasing greenhouse gas that causes global warming. It is also seen that the volume of oil discovered worldwide every five years is decreasing. Finding ways to replace petrol-diesel with biodiesel for use in internal combustion engines to reduce CO2 and overcome the diminishing supply of crude oil has attracted many researchers. Viet Nam is a country known as one of the world's largest producers of catfish. We mix biodiesel produced from Vietnamese pangasius fish fat with petrol-diesel at four blend ratios of 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% to produce samples labeled, B0, B20, B40, and B60, respectively. These biodiesel blends were then used to operate a petrol-diesel engine for experimental investigation. The results show that the torque and power would decrease as the biofuel ratio increased. However, the rate of decrease of these parameters did not exceed 16%, even when the ratio of biofuel in the biodiesel was up to 60%. The average power reduction of biodiesel blends was only about 8.70%. In terms of exhaust emissions, there was a significant reduction of CO, NOx, HC, CO2, and smoke opacity when biodiesel was used. The CO, CO2, and smoke opacity reduction was about 64.3%,15.1%, and 23.2% for the B60 fuel. In addition, the results also indicate that it is entirely possible to use biofuel produced from pangasius fish fat for internal combustion engines without changing the engine structure
The Evaluation of Frequencies of Cytogenetic Biomarkers in Lymphocyte of Residents from High Natural Radiation Area in West Sulawesi, Indonesia
Get PDFResidents living in high natural radiation areas may pose health consequences such as cancer. The study aims to evaluate the frequencies of cytogenetic biomarkers covering micronuclei (MN), nucleoplasmic bridge (NPB), and nuclear bud (NBUD) with the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. This cross-sectional study was done on 51 blood lymphocytes from the resident of Mamuju, West Sulawesi, Indonesia that was done according to standard procedure. After being stained with Giemsa solution, these biomarkers were observed on about 1,000 binucleated cells. The results showed a low frequency of MN (0.0162 in 36,091 cells) and extremely low frequencies of other biomarkers (0.00019 and 0.00061 for NPB and NBUD, respectively) in the study area, whereas these were 0.0225 MNs in 15,000 cells, and 0.00013 and 0.00120 for NPB and NBUD, respectively, in the control area. MNs and NBUDs were lower in the study area compared to control. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in NPB were found between the two areas, but not for NBUD. The frequencies of MN and NPB in female is higher than that of male in both areas. In the control group, males experienced a decrease in the number of NPB to 0.7 times compared to females, and every extra one year of age, 1.047 times more NBUDs were found. None of the confounding factors was influenced in the study group. It was concluded that there is no impact of high natural radiation to the local residents based on cytogenetics evaluation, with a note that further studies on a higher number of samples and other relevant biomarkers are required
Magnesium Reduction from Thanhhoa Dolomite by Ferrosilicon and Ferro-Silicocalcium as Reducing Agent
Get PDFIn this paper, a new reducing agent known as ferro-silicocalcium is being studied for its application in magnesium production through the Pidgeon process. Ferro-silicocalcium with main phase components CaSi2 and Si can reduce Mg from dolomite at a lower temperature than a traditional reducing agent. It thus improves the efficiency of magnesium production and solves the large energy consumption problem of the Pidgeon process. This paper presents thermodynamics calculations and experimental study on reducing magnesium from Thanhhoa dolomite with the new reducing agents known as ferro-silicocalcium and ferrosilicon as traditional reducing agents. From the thermodynamics calculations, CaSi2 in the ferro-silicocalcium can eliminate magnesium oxide at temperatures 1000°C lower than FeSi2 in ferrosilicon. This leads to a substantial decrease in the recovery temperature. When CaSi2 is decomposed, it releases silicon to improve the reduction process at temperatures greater than 1100°C. Experiments are performed to confirm the calculation results. The reduction process of dolomite by ferro-silicocalcium and ferrosilicon was analyzed by phases analysis of reduction slag through X-ray diffraction. The experimental results show that when using ferro-silicocalcium as a reducing agent, the recovering magnesium oxide efficiency reaches 91.3% over three hours with a recovering temperature of 1200°C. The efficiency is 7% higher than the traditional method using ferrosilicon under the same conditions. This proves that using ferro-silicocalcium as a reducing agent reduces the operating temperature of the reducing system and saves energy for the whole process. Therefore, ferro-silicocalium promises to be an effective alternative reducing agent in magnesium production
Mechanical Properties of the Stereolithography Resin with Different Printing Configurations.
Get PDFIn the 3D printer market, there are several types of printing; among those found in the middle are fused filament deposition printing and stereolithography. In stereolithography, layers of resin are solidified employing UV rays. Each manufacturer offers different types of resins that react to light exposure. These usually have very general values in terms of their mechanical strength, with varying properties depending on the printing configurations. For this reason, the user, in many cases, must make trial and error prints to obtain the best possible printing configuration, generating expenses and waste of material. This research proposes establishing the appropriate printing parameters to obtain the best mechanical properties of the prototypes printed in the digital light process stereolithography printer of the Universidad Tecnica del Norte. A specimen fabrication process based on the ASTM D638 standard is established, in which the main printing configurations are varied, such as printing orientation, layer thickness, and light exposure time. Experimental tensile tests obtain deformation stress-strain curves. From this, the behavior of the printed material is obtained as linear elastic-fragile. The results obtained are compared concerning the maximum stress and strain, and the modulus of elasticity is calculated. The most suitable printing parameters are proposed to obtain the best results in stereolithography printing for the construction of functional prototypes
Moving Quick Response Codes Identification: System Performance Analysis and Maximization by Optimization of Illuminance and Exposure Time
Get PDFWe studied the relationship of Quick Response (QR) code identification system performances with illuminance on the QR code, exposure time of the camera, and relative moving speed. We studied the root causes of low identification performance problems on moving QR code as well. A physical experiment method study on a minimal working example of a real-time moving QR codes identification system with ZBar QR codes identification algorithm has done, and then the results were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The values of illuminance on the QR code, exposure time of the camera, and relative moving speed used in the experiments were 140 lux - 640 lux, 0.7 ms - 22.2 ms, and 0 m/s - 2.5 m/s, respectively. Our data boundaries of the experiment results regarding exposure and motion blur (mediator variables) were respectively 0.108 lux·s - 12.476 lux·s and 0.0 pixel - 30.4 pixel. We identified physical phenomena in imaging, exposure and motion blur, could make the QR code image too dark/too bright and motion blurred. Such phenomena could make the QR code hard to identify and being the root cause of the problems. Our quantitative study proved that identification system performance is affected by illuminance, exposure time, and relative moving speed. Finally, we proposed a novel solution to overcome the problems by using a numerical method to compute the optimal illuminance on the QR code and the camera's exposure time for the given relative moving speed of the system
Pumps as Turbines (PATs) by Analysis with CFD Models
Get PDFPumps as turbines (PATs) are the typical solution for electrification using micro hydropower plants (MHP) in the rural sector. Other engineering applications where lately the use of PATs have increased are irrigation, water supply, and energy recovery systems due to their availability, short delivery time, long service life, economic feasibility, construction, and maintenance advantages. However, selecting the suitable pump(s) is difficult because manufacturers only provide performance curves when operating in pump mode; therefore, there is no universal method to predict that issue. For this reason, theoretical, analytical, experimental, and numerical simulation research have been made to predict these curves and the PATs' performance. The present paper analyzes PATs with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on advanced research. For this aim, information from a wide range of types of pumps with different rotation speeds was classified to examine case approaches, computational domains, mesh generation, boundary conditions, optimization of elements, and CFD package used to establish the effectiveness of this tool and to find characteristics which have not been enough investigated at present. Most studies used CFD simulations with ANSYS code and K-ï¥ turbulence closure model, which presented adequate results. Finally, this paper shows that numerical simulations with CFD analysis were successfully carried out to determine pump performance and predict curves in direct and reverse mode, improving certain components and conducting more profound research on certain specific issues
An Elastic Frame Rate Up-Conversion for Sequential Omnidirectional Images
Get PDFA distinct innovation in the development of frame rate up-conversion for an omnidirectional video is presented in this paper. The innovation allows an omnidirectional video to decide the number of omnidirectional frames that the main algorithm can create based on the characteristic of the motion of objects in the omnidirectional video itself. This elastic omnidirectional frame production is achievable since the main algorithm works based on an optical flow method with a self-improvement mechanism. The optical flow concept has proven to be adaptable greatly with the character of such a video. The experiment results, in which ten omnidirectional videos were involved, show that the algorithm's exertion and adaptability named the elastic frame rate up-conversion (E-FRUC) are incredible. This achievement is confirmed by both the excellent visual quality and the high score of the PSNR (33 to 59 dB) of the reconstructed omnidirectional frame (RF). The E-FRUC can generate at least one RF from two consecutive omnidirectional images, although these images are synthetically designed with an ideal motion. The more complex the motion objects condition inside the omnidirectional video is, the more RFs the E-FRUC can create. By using the E-FRUC, the continuity of motion of moving objects can be preserved. Therefore it can be useful to maintain the frame rate of incomplete omnidirectional video frames when such video is played back. Such a condition usually happens when the omnidirectional video is transmitted through error-prone telecommunication networks
Technical Blasting and Ripping of Overburden to Reduce the Effect of Ground Vibration on Slope Stability and Residence around Coal Mine
Get PDFThe coal mining method at the West Banko Pit 1 North is carried out in an open pit using a shovel-dump truck system. The overburden consists of topsoil and claystone with a strength of 0.2 – 3 MPa. The digging force of the Komatsu PC 2000 excavator is 0.697 MPa, so to optimize the productivity of the excavator, it must be carried out using a Komatsu D375A ripper and blasting. Considering that the pit limit in the west is close to residential buildings, it is necessary to design the mining area to be ripping and the area to be blasted as well as blasting technical design to reduce the impact of ground vibration on slope stability and damage to buildings in residential areas around the mine. Based on the results of the analysis of overburden blasting at the West Banko Pit 1 North on the stability of static and pseudo-static slopes with the simulation of the optimal Berm, the maximum Berm is 12 m with a safety factor (SF) of 1.5, while the overburden blasting was based on research at West Banko pit 2 because the material conditions were relatively the same. The number of safe explosives for predicting the Peak Vector Sump (PVS) value 3.5 mm/second is 50 Kg/ Delay with a minimum distance of 500 m from residential areas. The analysis results of the area to be blasted are 112.59 Ha, and the area that remains ripped is 134.04 Ha
The Impact of Security Perception Regarding the Existence of Information and Communication Technology on Public Space Utilization: The Case of Kalbu Palem Park, Bandung, Indonesia
Get PDFThe existence of the rise of public space, especially with the presence of information and communication technology (ICT) causes direct interaction between individuals overlapping in terms of public space utilization. Even several studies show that the presence of ICT makes it a new public space that presents features of social interaction between individuals and groups. The impact of the development of ICT can reduce the urge of people to use the park, even though the research does not show a relationship between the security perception of the community with the utilization of parks as part of urban public space. Previous studies showed that the community's utilization of parks is based on social functions related to security perceptions, specifically towards ICT presence. The analysis results show that the higher the frequency of community visits to the park, the lower the duration of park use. This study also found that the higher the utilization of ICT in the park, the higher the frequency and duration of visits the park. This research argued the previous research statement, which states that the utilization of ICT reduces the utilization of using the park as public spaces. This research contributes to the management of urban public spaces such as public parks concerning the existence of information and communication technology that can encourage the utilization of public space by the local community