International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences
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The other Face of Janus: Or the Mindset of Conservatism
Get PDFThis article aims to analysis the attitudes and tendencies of conservatism,which has become current again with the rapid political and social changes that have occurred in the world in recent years, from both a historical and methodological perspective. The foundational concepts of this analysis are ideology, mentality, and tradition. The reason for selecting this mindset of concepts is based on the assumption that conservatism is a composite form of various tendencies. In this text, the relationship between conservative thought and other political ideologies and thoughts will be examined, along with the intellectual and conceptual coordinates of conservative thought. These determinations and definitions will be made in light of the following questions.
Firstly, the arguments put forth by classical conservatism against the Cartesian world design of Enlightenment philosophy will be discussed. Secondly, the new forms that conservative ideology has adopted and the ways in which it interrelations with other ideologies will be explored. The focus of this discussion is whether conservative thought, as a political activity, possesses an original value system or whether these values institutionalized and transform into an attitude. Other questions in this discussion include whether conservatism is a tradition or a custom. A common question related to conservative thought is whether it originates from institutionalized action or if it is merely a cynical thought limited to reacting to and commenting on the ideas of other ideologies and ideologues as a reactionary contingency. Does conservatism have its own unique fundamental theory and thought? These questions will be reanalyzed within the framework of this discussion.
Finally, this text will inquire whether conservative thought has universal validity everywhere or if it is limited to a reaction against the cultural, national, and historical context in which it exists. Answers to these questions will be sought in this text
Determinants of Farm Households’ Participation in Microfinance Program and Its Impact on Their Livelihoods: The Case of Boneya Boshe Woreda of East Wollega Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Get PDFMicrofinance is the institution that provides access to various financial services such as credit, savings, leasing to low-income clients including consumers and the self-employed, who traditionally lack access to banking and related services. The objective of this study was to identify factors that affect farm households’ participation in microfinance program and evaluate its impact on their livelihoods (Income, Saving and Asset). In order to achieve these objectives, both primary and secondary data were collected. Primary data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire and interview. While, secondary data was collected from different published and unpublished documents. Multi-stage stratified sampling technique and systematic random sampling technique were followed to reach 364 sample respondents out of 4,045 total farm households’ of the selected kebeles. Descriptive, inferential and econometric methods were used to analyze the data. Binary Logit regression model and Propensity Score matching technique were applied by using stata software version 15. Logistic regression result indicates that program participation was significantly and positively affected by family size, education level, farm size, risk perception, extension visit and training access of household head whereas distance of household home from microfinance office have negative effect. The result of sensitivity test using of rosenbaum bounds also implies that the estimated impact result was insensitive to unobserved characteristics. Furthermore, PSM result indicates that microfinance program has a significant and positive impact on income, saving and asset of participant households. Finally, the study recommends that microfinance institutions and other concerned stakeholders should broaden their outreach and expand its access to rural areas in enhancement of rural farm households’ livelihoods
The Effect of Coffee Chain Customers' Need to Smell on Their Taste Evaluations
Get PDFThis paper aims to investigate whether ambient scent in coffee chains affects the taste perceptions of customers who consume the products of those chains. The paper highlights the importance of smell in creating memorable experiences and its role in arousing customers. It also mentions the olfactory system's vital functions in warning and protection, eating behavior, and social communication. The use of ambient scent enhances the memorability of brand-related olfactory information. Regarding taste evaluation, the paper mentions that it involves both objective and subjective processes. Biological preferences and existing information can influence taste perceptions. Positive sensory experiences lead to positive attitudes and increased consumption, while negative experiences can have the opposite effect. The paper also emphasizes the connection between smell and taste, with smell being responsible for a significant portion of what we taste. The ambiance of the coffeehouse and the scent of coffee can influence taste and consumer choices. The sample covers data collected from 578 participants via convenience sampling method. Overall, the paper provides insights into the impact of smell and taste evaluation mediated by customer loyalty in the context of coffeehouse chains. The study is also thought to guide studies on senses other than smell and taste in sensory marketing. 
A Proposed Model for Employee Competencies in Hospitality 4.0 Talent Management: H4TM
Get PDFPurpose of this study is to specify and prioritize the employee competencies in the context of key specialist jobs in lodging industry and to introduce a model as “Hospitality 4.0 Talent Management”. This study integrates the qualitative and quantitative approaches. To evaluate the performance of Talent Management with Hospitality 4.0 perspective, the valid and reliable criteria are determined by a literature review. Next stage was to find out the weight and importance of each identified dimension, by use of Best- Worst- Method (BWM). As a result, a novel model is proposed to help lodging organizations to specify and prioritize their key employees’ competencies in terms of hard, soft and mixed skills for H4TM, thus to map their post Covid -19 talent management practices effectively
Does Shareholder Activism Add Value to The Performance of the Firms in India? The Role of Disclosures as Moderators
Get PDFThe study's main aim is to determine the role of shareholder activism (SHA) on the performance of the firms. The performance of the firms is viewed as operating performance, valuation, and technical efficiency. The relevant panel data is taken for 78 non-financial firms part BSE-100 index from India for five years (2015-2019). A shareholder activism index is built to measure shareholder activism. The analysis is conducted at the three levels, first, by the linear association, second by non-linear association and third by using transparency and disclosures (TD) as an interaction term on the association of SHA and performance of the firms. It is found that SHA significantly influences the firm's operating performance. The non-linear linkage is significant. A significant positive association of TD as moderating variable on operating performance and efficiency of the firms ensures the supportive role of SHA on the performance of the firms. The study's findings should reduce widespread reluctance and resistance to SHA. The first main implication of the study is that the managers understand the positive role of SHA on the firm's performance. It would be one of the two main implications of the study. The second main implication is for the policymakers. The significant and positive association of SHA for the performance of the firms can be the basis for the long-term policy on SHA. Scarcely available are the studies that have observed on the association of SHA for the efficiency of the firms. This study would be the first such study on the topic. Moreover, the literature does not see the non-linear association of SHA on the firms' operating performance, valuation, and efficiency. This study would be the first such study. Above all, no other study is observed using TD as the moderating variable to study the impact of SHA on the performance of the firms
Determination of Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Affecting Household Health Care Spending: The Case of Turkey
Get PDFHealth care spending is a critical problem for any state that seeks to ensure that its citizens have equal access to essential health services. Are socioeconomic and demographic factors the determinants of health care spending? The motivation for the study is to find an answer to this question. The aim of the study is to evaluate the determinants of health care spending of households, which constitute one of the most essential unions that make up society within a socioeconomic and demographic framework. In this regard, the Tobit model was utilized in the study using official institution data. As a result of the study, it has been determined that socioeconomic and demographic factors have an impact on health care spending. It is expected that the results of the study will be beneficial to policy makers, decision makers and those who make researches about the factors that will ensure equality in health
Measuring the Return and Volatility Spillovers between Canada, Japan and Emerging Stock Markets: Emerging Market risk
No full textThe study aims to investigate the impact of the stock market volatility spillover effect from major developed countries to emerging countries from the period 2014 to 2022 by using the GRACH model. For instance, Canada and Japan are the major contributors to G7 countries and whereas, India, Russia, Brazil, China and Turkey are the emerging countries in Asian and African subcontinents. It has been established that the stock market movement of Canada and Japan has substantially affected the stock markets of major emerging countries. However, Japan has major financial ties with all of the emerging countries except Russia. It is an astonishing fact that the insignificant coefficients of Japan and Canada with Russia indicate that the dynamics of Russian countries are a bit different than the rest of the world. The Russian economy is communist and generally perceived as a closed economy and the said does not have any major trade ties with the rest of the world
Impact of nuclear and renewable energy on CO2 emissions in OECD countries under the STIRPAT model: Evidence from the CS-ARDL model
Get PDFIn-depth evaluations of the short- and long-term effects of nuclear and renewable energy on emissions of carbon dioxide in 12 OECD countries are made in this study using the STIRPAT model. Using yearly data for the years 1980 to 2020, the CIPS unit root test, taking into account cross-sectional dependency (CD), Gengenbach et al. (2016) co-integration test, and Cross-Sectional Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) technique are used. Additionally, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin (DH) panel causality tests are used for seeking the causal connections between variables. The empirical findings from the CS-ARDL approach demonstrate that CO2 emissions are negatively impacted both in the short and long terms by nuclear and renewable energy. The CS-ARDL results also show that the long-run elasticity of economic growth is lower than the short-run elasticity, and that growing populations increases CO2 emissions both in the short and long runs. According to the DH panel's findings on causality, there is only one way that economic development, CO2 emissions, and nuclear energy output are related. These findings suggest that the OECD should concentrate on income-oriented policies, promote green economic growth, and subsidize greater nuclear and renewable energy consumption through
Investigation of the Effect of Covid-19 on the New Normal Behavior of Individuals in Respect to Online Shopping
Get PDFThis study examines the determinants of online shopping behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic, with an emphasis on the sustainability of these behavioral shifts and the product categories most significantly impacted. The research employed a convenience sampling approach, utilizing an online survey administered to 463 consumers via Google Forms. Data analysis involved the application of factor analysis, descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations), and participation level assessments to measure Covid-19 purchasing behaviors. Regression analysis and t-tests were further conducted to explore variations across demographic variables. The findings indicate that the pandemic has substantially altered consumer behavior, with approximately 39% of purchases being conducted online. The most frequently purchased items comprised protective equipment, cleaning supplies, and food products. Compared to pre-pandemic consumption patterns, respondents reported increased budgets for cleaning products, enhanced efforts to locate cost-effective options, and elevated expenditures on clothing and personal care. Conversely, spending levels for food, electronics, and small household appliances remained largely unchanged. Moreover, the analysis identified significant variations in purchasing behaviors based on age and income, whereas no significant differences were observed across gender. These results underscore the enduring impact of the pandemic on online shopping practices. This study contributes to existing literature by providing a nuanced understanding of the transformations in consumer behavior prompted by the Covid-19 pandemic, offering critical insights for businesses and policymakers adapting to the evolving digital marketplace
The Primary Sources of Entrepreneurial Passion Beyond Traditional Typologies
Get PDFThe objective of this study is to explore how entrepreneurs personally experience and interpret their passion throughout their entrepreneurial journey, identify the primary sources of entrepreneurial passion, uncover additional domains of entrepreneurial passion beyond traditional typologies, and examine the influence of culture on entrepreneurial passion. This qualitative study of 23 entrepreneurs and content analysis of the interviews indicate that entrepreneurial passion is multi-faceted, with autonomy, innovation, and relationship with stakeholders emerging as key sources of entrepreneurial passion. Passion for autonomy and self-development are also unexplored concepts in entrepreneurial passion literature by extending the traditional typologies. Finally, this study associated the dimensions of culture with sources of entrepreneurial passion