International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences
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Testing the Twin Deficit Hypothesis: The Case of Central and Eastern Europe Countries
Get PDFRecent developments in the economies of the CEE countries bring into question the validity of the twin deficit hypothesis since we observed combination of high current account deficits and prevailingly stable fiscal positions before the crisis and just the opposite combination after it. The paper starts with the analysis of the theoretical foundations of the twin deficit hypothesis and the alternative explanations about the relationship between current account and fiscal deficits. Different econometric techniques are applied to test the validity of diverse theoretical approaches on the basis of panel data for CEE countries. OLS panel regression shows relatively modest positive connection between current account and fiscal deficits what confirms the twin deficit paradigm. On the other hand, the twin deficit hypothesis can be rejected in the case of Bulgaria and Estonia. The vector autoregressive analysis is also not compatible with the twin deficit hypothesis. Further research is necessary to overcome these contradictory results
EFFECTS OF THE CUSTOMS UNION ON COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF TURKISH MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the customs union (CU) on the comparative advantage of the Turkish manufacturing industry for the period 1988 to 2008. The revealed comparative advantage is analyzed with respect to twelve old European Union countries (EU) and the enlarged EU with the inclusion of new member states. In this study, both the effects of the CU and the enlargement process of the EU are analyzed using the panel data estimation method covering 45 cross-section units by taking into account that domestic factors of Turkey’s comparative advantage, real effective exchange rates, and a manufacturing sector wage index. The results show that the CU and wages has created a positive effect on Turkey’s comparative advantage. However, real exchange rates created negative effects for the comparative advantage of Turkish industry due to the appreciation of the Turkish Lira throughout the time period
Assessment Management and Analysis of a Tourism Destination
No full textoai:ojs.www.ijceas.com:article/4Contemporary tourism is one of the few branches, creating jobs in the big Bulgarian cities and big tourist centers as in the rural and mountain areas, giving a variety of opportunities for over fifty kinds of specialists from different ages. In those frames, the purpose of this paper is to discover, analyze and evaluate the competitiveness potential of the winter ski tourist destination Bansko, Bulgaria, compared to other six destinations, all of them offering winter skiing and being direct competitors. The combined, the expert method, the sociological method and the method of observation are used for the analysis of competitiveness. The object of study is the competitiveness of tourism destination Bansko, Bulgaria for a number of parameters. The values are derived on the basis of expert researches and real user reviews - of tourists who already visited the related destinations and gave their opinion and evaluation in the websites such as Tripadvisor, Virtual Tourist, Holiday Watchdog. In its complexness, the paper offers a model for sustainable planning and development for the surveyed tourism destination
Perception of Financial And Payment Terms Risks: The Analysis of Aegean Exporters
Get PDFIn recent years, the volume of international trade has increased enormously due to the effects of globalization and liberalization of trade. However, political and economic changes, changes in consumer demand, market structures, product and market life cycles, domestic and foreign competition and the degree of effects caused by these changes became more and more significant. Such changes force the firms making or intending to make business globally to implement dynamic strategies and action plans. Considering above mentioned points, this study aims to explore the risks perceived by the exporting firms about financial risk and payment terms within the context of international trade. The firms are analyzed depending on various criteria (i.e. export intensity, firm size, sectors, geographical locations, export activity, age of the firms, export experience). The results of the study indicates that risk perceptions of exporter firms operating in the Aegean Region of Turkey vary by operating in various sectors, sizes, geographical location, types of export activity, age. On the other hand export intensity and experience of exporters do not affect the risk perceptions of exporter firms significantly
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) with the Point of View Employees
Get PDF Occupational diseases and accidents suffered by employees, cause many costs for the companies in direct and indirect ways. Instead of expanding their business by making new investments; companies spend their limited resources and power to cover these arising costs. Occupational diseases and accidents are social and economic wounds for the countries as well as the companies. For example, according to the reseach that Ministry of Labour and Social Security Training and Research Centre (Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı Eğitim ve Araştırma Merkezi - ÇASGEM) had made in 2010, annual cost of occupational accidents is 35 billion TL in Turkey.Sole way to reduce these costs; creating company’s awareness on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) and to inspire their employees about this awareness. In this case, the actual practitioners of these rules, employees, have a very critical role. While managers demand from their employees to obey OHS rules and expect to bring it into a way of their life; most of the time employees may ignore OHS rules because of some reasons like finishing their job quickly, negligence and the view of protective equipments are limiting factors for their freedom and comfort. Especially the common view within Turkish people: “Nothing happens to me!”; causes unwillingness to use protective equipments.The first aim of this paper is to examine what kind of costs that companies may face in the case of non-compliance to the OHS regulations on the overall dimensions. Another aim is to show how OHS regulations work in a packaging company named Amcor which operates in 43 countries around the world, and looking to OHS with the employees’ point of view by applying a survey research. 
Sub-national Units in Transition: IR Theory and Emerging Actors in a Multi-level Environment
Get PDFAbstractWhile European integration has gained momentum following the Treaty of Maastricht, a discourse on “Europe of the regions” has come to the fore, with the presumption that the sub-national units become, or are supposed to become, active dynamics of the integration process. However, this dominant discourse seems to take the “actorness” of sub-national units for granted, without questioning their rather passive position in the face of both national and supranational actors. In turn, this passive position gives rise to a reaction – albeit in some cases reluctantly – from the part of sub-national units. As a matter of fact, the research on which the present paper is based suggests that while their involvement in interaction at both national and supra-national levels varies from country to country, and even from one region to another within any given member state, these units tend to “individualise” for certain reasons. Among others, the main factors of individualisation are ever-growing competition and devolution of not only competences, but also public finance burdens which forces the sub-national units to act increasingly in individual terms. The paper aims to share some observations on the transformation of these units, focusing on the case of Italy.