International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences
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The Sustainability of Renewable Energy Consumption in South Africa
Get PDFRenewable energy sources are essential in reducing carbon emission levels and promoting a global green economy. The aim of this study was to examine the sustainability of renewable energy consumption per capita in Africa by using the annual data for the period 1965-2018. For this purpose, in addition to traditional unit root tests, various unit root tests taking into account different structural changes were utilized in the study. According to the obtained results, the renewable energy consumption series in Africa was found to be stable. Thus, it was concluded that sustainability was valid because the effects of one-unit shocks in energy use were not permanent.
Interest Rates: The Cause or The Result? A Chicken and Egg Problem Revisited (The Relationship between Interest Rates and Inflation in Turkey)
Get PDFThis paper investigates the validity of Fisher’s hypothesis and neo-Fisherian approach for Turkey using cointegration of Pesaran et al. (2001) as well as the methodology of Granger causality developed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995). The scope of the study focuses on flexible inflation targeting period in Turkey. Inflation uncertainty is estimated by employing the GARCH model for the period 2010:M10-2020:M5. Empirical results indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between nominal interest rates, expected inflation and inflation uncertainty in the long run. The results of Toda and Yamamoto causality suggests that inflation ucertainty and expected inflation effects nominal interest rates. Also inflation is affected by nominal interest rates. The empirical results indicating two way causality provides significant empirical evidence for the presence of the Neo- Fisher effect in addition to the Fisher’s hypothesis during the flexible inflation targeting period analyzed in Turkey
CROSS SECTIONAL DATA ANALYSIS OF YOUNG PEOPLE'S HOPE LEVELS IN TURKEY
Get PDFIn the study, the factors affecting the levels of hope for young individuals were examined through cross-sectional data analysis. For this purpose, the data of the TURKSTAT Life Satisfaction Survey data set for the years 2013-2017 were handled and the hope levels of the youth were accepted as the dependent variable. Young individuals between the ages of 15-29 were selected from the data set, considering the length of presence in education and since it is thought that the individual determines the hope level of young people, the education level, the predictions about their own situation in the next 5 years and the predictions about the economic and social situation of the country in the next 5 years are added to the model as independent variables. Initially, estimates were made using the ordinal logit model, but since the education independent variable did not satisfy the parallel slopes assumption of the primary education category, generalized ordinal logit and partial proportional odds models were used. According to the results obtained from the model, it was seen that the increase in the education level of the young people increased their hope level, and their positive thoughts about the future both about their own situation as well as economic and social situation of the country
The Econometric Analysis of Relationship Between Turkish Economy with Maritime Transport
Get PDFWith the globalization that started in 1980, international trade started to be important. The understanding of the market in international markets has brought with it the need for ‘transportation’. The maritime transportation, which enables it to carry large tonnage loads at one time, has created economies of scale, and has become the most preferred transportation system today. Therefore, a parallel relationship is expected between the economy and maritime transport. And 1973 and 1979 world oil crisis that led to structural breaks in Turkey's economy, 1989 Financial Crisis, 1997 in maritime trade in parallel when crises such as the Asian crisis has been observed that examined experienced similar declines.
In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between Turkey's economy and maritime transport. For this purpose, 2008: Producer Price Index for 1-2016-02 date (PPI) data from the Turkey Statistical Institute (TUIK), Turkey because of the data set for small tonnage of dry cargo vessels Istanbul Freight Index (ISTFIX) provided by. In this research, Vector Auto regressive (VAR) model was used, and Granger causality analysis was performed based on the VAR model. As a result of the econometric analyzes, it was observed that ISTFIX series is the cause of PPI series
Does Diversity Make a Difference? The Effect of Profile And Diversity of Academics on Innovation Performance of Turkish Universities
Get PDFThe concept of innovation includes good ideas and smart individuals as accepted by most people. One of the most important driving forces for innovative ideas in organizations is human diversity. Diversity is a broad concept which includes physical characteristics like race, gender and ethnicity and also social and political differences of opinions. In this study, the effect of different specialties of employees on innovation performances has been researched in context of universities. Recognizing the link between diversity, creativity and innovation, the concept of academic entrepreneurship is becoming increasingly important due to the changing role of universities in knowledge-based economies. The research has been conducted by analyzing the academicians’ profiles of first 15 and last 15 universities of the “Index of Entrepreneur and Innovative Universities” which is announced by TUBITAK (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey). This index presents the innovation performances of universities. The academicians’ profiles have been analyzed through their diverse specialties and its relevance with the ranking of the universities. The diversity factors of academicians were determined as gender, title, educational background, overseas experience and work experience as a result of resume database scanning. Obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 15.0 for Windows for presenting the relationship between innovation performance and organizational diversity. As a result, there is a significant relationship between overseas experience, educational background of academics and innovation performances in universities.
Key words: Organizational diversity, organizational innovation, innovation performance, academics, academic entrepreneurship, diversity managemen
Impact of Exchange Rate Regimes and Euro Area Membership on the Economic Growth of the New Member States from Central and Eastern Europe
Get PDFThe goal of this paper is to study the effects of exchange rate arrangements and euro area (EA) membership on the economic growth of ten new member states (NMS) from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), which joined the European Union (EU) in 2004 and 2007 – the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Bulgaria and Romania. Croatia is excluded from the analysis since it became a EU member relatively late - in 2013. A vector autoregression (VAR) of annual data for the period 2007-2017 is employed. The empirical results provide statistical evidence that flexible exchange rates and EA membership favor the economic growth of the NMS from CEE
Antecedents of The Mobile Shopping: A Scale Development and Validation
Get PDFMobile shopping behavior may differ from traditional online shopping, as it is connected to a mobile device. This study was conducted to research the antecedents of mobile shopping. In this study, an inductive scale development study was conducted for mobile shopping. Thirty-nine items obtained after interviews with 17 consumers were presented to the opinion of 8 experts and were reduced to 34 items. Then, the items were turned into questions during the scale design phase. At this stage, the readability of the questionnaire was evaluated by experts. Therefore, a pilot study was conducted with 30 people. Later, 987 mobile shopping users participated in the purification study, and 34 items were reduced to 19 items. The antecedents of the mobile shopping scale, which comprise price advantage, ease, place advantage, enjoyment, and privacy dimensions, were validated with a new data set of 390 participants. A scale has been developed about mobile shopping, which has become a daily habit of consumers in the age of digitalized marketing through rapidly advancing technology and developments. The scale includes elements that direct consumers to mobile shopping and can be defined as mobile shopping's antecedents
Analysis of Covid-19 Pandemic Data According to the Countries Including in the Human Development Index by Using Clustering Analysis K-Average Method
Get PDFOne of the important disasters of the 21st century is the Covid-19 epidemic that started in China in December 2019 and spread all over the world in a short time. The Covid-19 epidemic, which started as a health problem, continues to deeply affect all structures of the countries with its economic and social dimensions. Although there is a parallelism between the development level of the country and its success in combating the epidemic, differentiation is observed from time to time. Within the scope of this study, Covid-19 epidemic data will be obtained by country and will be analyzed using the Cluster analysis K-Average Method. The sample of the study will be forty countries in total, including ten countries in eachcategory, in different developmentcategories in the United Nations human development index. In the first stage of the cluster analysis to be used in the study, the variables of total cases, daily cases, total deaths and daily deaths belonging to countries; In these cond phase, total cases per million, daily cases per million, total deaths per million and deaths per million will be used. It will be analyzed whether the variables used in the said stages make a meaningful clustering. In this context, it will be revealed whether countries are in the same cluster according to their level of development in the fight against the Covid-19 epidemic
How do Real Exchange Rate Movements Affect the Economic Growth in Iran?
Get PDFThis paper, through an asymmetric and non-linear framework, NARDL Model, investigates how real exchange rate movements affect the economic growth of Iran. In other words, whether the movements in the real exchange rate is an indicator of economic growth changes. Working on the monthly data of Gross Domestic Production (GDP) and Real Exchange Rate indexes from November 2009 to November 2019, this study shows asymmetric and negative relationships between exchange rate and economic growth both in the long run and short run. Although, in the long run, the magnitude of effects both positive and negative components of exchange rate on economic growth were significantly more than those of short run, the stability of the results have indicated that the roots of existing nonlinear and asymmetric relationships among these variables are so strong that change in time horizon, from the short run to long run, has also not been able to change them
Key Determinants of Channel Switching Intention During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence from an Emerging Market
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has become a global problem with its rapid spread to almost the whole world, impacting many areas, especially health. Therefore, the negative climate created by this pandemic is likely to affect consumers’ purchasing behavior. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationships between perceived offline shopping risk, trust in offline stores, and perceived threat in relation to how this affects consumers’ channel switching intentions. For this purpose, data were obtained from 422 online survey participants and analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results show that trust in offline stores has a negative relationship with perceived offline shopping risk, and that perceived risk of offline shopping and perceived threat have a significant positive relationship with consumers’ channel switching intentions. These findings contribute to the development of understanding in relation to channel switching intentions in the retail sector. In addition, these findings provide retail managers and practitioners with practical insight into perceived risk, trust, perceived threat, and channel switching intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic