Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
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Efficiency of Genetic Transformation via Pollen-Tube Pathway of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) Based on Histochemical and Molecular Analysis
Get PDFThe genetic transformation via pollen-tube pathway is an alternative method to overcome the constraints imposed by genotype specificity in transformation and regeneration in jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) tissue culture. Therefore, it is necessary to establish important parameters for efficient genetic transformation of jatropha via pollen-tube pathway. The objective of the research was to study the efficiency of direct transformation of jatropha via pollen-tube pathway based on histochemical and molecular analysis. Solution of purified pCAMBIA1301 DNA plasmid carrying a hptII marker gene and a gus reporter gene with concentration level of 0.05, 0.25, 0.50 µg µl-1 were applied to stigma of flowers at 1, 2, 4, 7, 10 h after pollination. Seedling of IP3A, IP3P and JcUMM18 jatropha’s genotypes derived from 15 combination treatments of plasmid DNA concentration and application time, also wild type was subjected to histochemical and molecular analyses. Based on those analyses, the efficiency of transformation via pollen-tube pathway of three jatropha genotypes ranged from 1.5-16.7%. PCR analysis showed that a number of positive plants were identified by using specific primers hptII and gus, i.e. 1-3 and 3-7 plants of the 15 combined treatments, respectively. It indicated that the transformation efficiency via the pollen-tube pathway varied in each jatropha genotype.Keywords: Jatropha curcas L., pCAMBIA1301, plasmid DNA, stigma-dri
Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax pada Perlakuan Panjang lanjaran dan Waktu Batang Membelit*
Get PDFDioscorea is potentially used as staple food to support food security. The research was aimed to determine the effect of stake length and time of stem twining on the growth of Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax. The experiment was conducted in Purwodadi Botanic Garden from December 2014 until May 2015 using split plot randomized block design consisted of two factors, i.e. the stake length and time of stem twining. The stake length was the main plot consisted of 150 cm, 100 cm and 50 cm above soil surface and without stake (control). The time of stem twining as subplots, i.e. stem twined early, twined at the time of 4 leaves stage, and twined at 8 leaves stage. Each combination of the treatments was replicated three times. The results showed that there was significant effect on the stake length and the time of stem twining treatments on the plant growth and yield. The stake length of 150 cm treatment produced the highest fresh tuber and total plant dry weight, i.e., 257.24 g and 132.77 g per plant, respectively. On the contrary, the plant without stake produced the lowest fresh tuber and total dry weight of plant, i.e., 112.10 g and 48.65 g per plant, respectively.Keywords: biomass,leaf area, photosyntesis, tuber weigh
Pemupukan N, P, K, Dolomit, dan Pupuk Kandang pada Budidaya Kedelai di Lahan Kering Masam
Get PDFThe imbalanced supply-demand of soybean is the main reason of soybean import in Indonesia. One of the efforts to increase of soybean production was expanding the planting area to acid soil with a low pH, high content of Aluminum, and low nutrient availability, through giving ameliorant, such as liming organic materials, and mineral fertilization.This study was aimed to obtain the best combination of fertilizer and amelioran for soybean production in acid soil. The study was conducted in experimental station of Tenjo, Bogor from November 2015 to March 2016. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with two factors. The first factor was combinations of fertilizer and amelioran, i.e., P0 (without fertilization); P1 {25 kg urea + 75 kg SP-36 + 50 kg KCl + dolomite ¼ x Aldd (805 kg) ha-1}; P2 {25 kg urea + 75 kg SP-36 + 50 kg KCl + dolomite ¼ x Aldd (805 kg) + 1,250 kg of manure ha-1}; P3 {50 kg urea + 75 kg SP-36 + 50 kg KCl + dolomite ¼ x Aldd (805 kg) + 2,500 kg of manure ha-1}; P4 {75 kg urea + 150 kg SP-36 + 100 kg KCl + dolomite ¼ x Aldd (805 kg) + 2,500 kg of manure ha-1}; P5 {75 kg urea + 150 kg SP-36 + 100 kg KCl + dolomite ½ x Aldd (1,610 kg) ha-1}; P6 {75 kg urea + 150 kg SP-36 + 100 kg KCl + dolomites 1 x Aldd (3,220 kg) ha-1}. The second factor was soybean varieties of Tanggamus and Anjasmoro. The results showed that application of 75 kg urea + 150 kg SP-36 + 100 kg KCl + dolomite ½ x Aldd (1,610 kg) produced the highest productivity (2.91 ton ha-1), but it was not different from reducing the dose of dolomite into ¼ x Aldd (805 kg) with the addition of 2,500 kg of manure
Induksi Kalus dan Regenerasi Tunas Padi Varietas Fatmawati
Get PDFEfficiency of shoot regeneration from rice callus explant is an important factor, particularly for the purpose of plant genetic improvement such as somaclonal variation, transformation and in vitro selection. In the attempt of gaining shoot regeneration, callus induction and shoot regeneration experiments were conducted in the Biological Cell and Tissue Culture Laboratory, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development. Mature seed was used as an explant. The media formulation for calli induction was MS + 2.4-D (1, 3, 5 and 7 mg/l ) + prolin (0 and 100 mg/l ) and hydrolyzed casein 3000 mg/l. The media for shoot regeneration was (1) MS + BA (1.2 and 3 mg/l ) + IAA 0.8 mg/l + prolin 100 mg/l, and (2) MS + BA 2 mg/l + IAA 0.8 mg/l + zeatin (0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mg/l). The result showed that the embryogenic calli could be produced from MS + 2.4-D 3 mg/l + hydrolyzed casein 3000 mg/l treatment and the best media for shoot induction was MS + BA 2 mg/l + IAA 0.8 mg/l + zeatin 0.2 mg/l. The obtained plantlets were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse
Potensi Penurunan Produksi Padi Akibat Variabilitas Curah Hujan di Kabupaten Subang Jawa Barat
Get PDFResearch on hazard, vulnerability, and risks of the decline in rice production due to climate change has been implemented in Subang West Java. This study aims to assess the level of hazard, vulnerability, and risks of the decline in rice production and identify areas that very high level of the decline in rice production. Materials of this study is data of climate, agroclimate, rice production, and socio-economic. Methods of this study is descriptive explanatory that using risk assessment concept where risk is a function of hazard and vulnerability. The results was showed in spatial map using GIS. The results indicate that in Subang area has experienced climate change shown by the changing patterns (trend) of rainfall, rain day, and the distribution of annual rainfall. Decreased rice harvested area above 5.2% per year occurred in Cisalak, Dawuan, Pabuaran, Patokbesi, Pagaden, and Pusakanagara. Decreased rice production over 11.2% per yeas occurred in Cisalak, Dawuan, Pabuaran, and Pusakanagara.The very high vulnerability occurred in Pabuaran.The high risks of decline in harvested area and production of rice respectively found in Patokbesi and Pabuaran. The high risk reduction in harvested area and production of rice in the region due to the disruption of water supply, growth, development, and production plants due to climate change
Pengaruh Pemeraman Buah dan Periode Simpan terhadap Viabilitas Benih Pepaya (Carica papaya L.)
Get PDFThe objective of this experiment was to study the influence of post-harvest storage and storage period to seed viability. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology and the green house at Leuwikopo IPB Darmaga, from February until August 2007. The experiment used split-plot design with three replications. The main plot was seven periods of storage: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 weeks. The sub plot was the period of post-harvest maturation storage (use the fruits with 30-40% yellow coloured): 0, 2, 4, 6 days post-harvest storage, and control fruits that ripe on the tree (with 80-90% yellow coloured). The control fruits have the best seed viability and vigor. Viability of seed from fruits with 0, 2 and 6 days post-harvest storage was significantly less than that of control. Seed from four days post-harvest storage have same viability as control. Post-harvest storage can improve physiological seed quality on the seed that must be harvested before the time of physiological maturity, especially four days post-harvest storag