Althea Medical Journal
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Intervention of Kusuma Milk-Shake Drink on Cervical Dilatation and Duration of Labor: Experience from Bengkulu, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Labor processes require energy consumption regulated by a complex nervous system and hormonal response. Thus, the intensity of maternal nutritional intake since pregnancy should be highly considered for physiological delivery. Nutrients that are high in energy and provide fast-decomposing glucose intake should be chosen by the mothers. Kusuma is a kind of drink made from dates, milk, and honey. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Kusuma milk-shake drink implementations on cervical dilatation and duration of labor.Methods: An experimental study was conducted by post-test only with a controlled group design, including 34 mothers with term pregnancy, which was intervention groups and controls. A completely randomized design in two different places was conducted. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-wilk, independent sample T-test, and Mann-Whitney. Results: There was a significant effect of Kusuma milk-shake implementation on cervical dilatation (p=0.000). The dilatation process was found to be 5.5 times faster, and the duration of labor (p=0.000) was observed to be 9.7 hours faster than the control group.Conclusions: Implementation of the Kusuma milk-shake has a significant effect on the acceleration of cervical dilation and the duration of labor. This research is expected to improve the quality of midwifery services as an effort to realize the concept of a Continuum of Obstetric Care
Characteristics of Nasal Foreign Body Cases in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung
Get PDFBackground: Nasal foreign bodies are caused by the insertion of an extraneous substance into the nasal cavity. These cases frequently occur in children. Nasal foreign bodies are easily diagnosed, yet the treatment may be burdensome with possible complications and costly management. The study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of nasal foreign body cases.Methods: The study was descriptive and cross-sectional, using secondary data taken from all medical records of the Emergency Room in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from 2018 to 2021. Data were presented in tables.Results: Of the 57 cases, most of the patients (64.9%) were aged 3-5 years, with boys as the most prevalent cases (59.7%) and the most common complaint was pain (31.7%). Inorganic foreign bodies (61.4%) were more commonly found, and being frequently found in the right nasal cavity (49.1%). The duration of the foreign body in the nasal cavity and the treatment conducted on the patients were mostly not written in the medical records, however, no complications were found.Conclusions: A higher incidence of nasal foreign bodies can be found in boys aged 3-5 years. Inorganic objects and pain are the most common manifestations, although the condition of all patients has been improved. Raising awareness about foreign body cases to the community, especially the parents, is the key to preventing these cases from occurring
Determinant of Hypertension among Adults in West Java, Indonesia: Analysis of National Basic Health Research Data 2018
Get PDFBackground: Hypertension is a serious health problem worldwide. Many studies on the determinants of hypertension have been done, however studies in West Java are still very minimal. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for hypertension among adults in West Java, Indonesia.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional method with a quantitative approach using secondary data from the National Basic Health Research 2018. The final number of individuals sampled was 46,186 people. Data analysis was performed using simple logistic regression and multiple logistic regression methods.Results: The mean age of the sample was 42.97 years (SD=15.37), and females were the predominant (52.95%). The majority of samples consumed sweet beverages (31.06%) and salty foods more than once a day (29.22%), did not smoke (59.17%), had a normal body mass index (BMI) (53.78 %), and had experienced gum disease and dental problems in the last year (56.75 %). Physical activity in metabolic equivalent task (MET) minute was 5,917.79. There was a significant positive association between age and hypertension, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.06 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.05–1.06. Furthermore, the analysis found a significant negative correlation between physical activity and hypertension, with an OR of 0.999 and a 95% CI of 0.9999874–0.9999962.Conclusions: Hypertension is significantly associated with age, whereas physical exercise is negatively associated. Priority should be given to elderly individuals and people with a high BMI for interventions such as routine blood pressure monitoring and education
Knowledge towards Thalassemia and Willingness to Screen among Students in Public Senior High School 3 Bandung
Get PDFBackground: Thalassemia carrier screening is a major preventive measure potentially influenced by the level of knowledge, particularly in adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of health education on knowledge of thalassemia in adolescents and its association with their willingness to do thalassemia screening.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data regarding knowledge of thalassemia before and after health education sessions from 229 students at Public Senior High-School 3 Bandung. All participants attended a one-day health education in July 2019. A questionnaire was filled in to measure their knowledge regarding thalassemia before and after the session, including knowledge on etiology and definition, risk of disease, clinical manifestations, treatment, complication, prognosis, and disease prevention. Only data with complete questionnaire responses were included. These responses were scored quantitatively and analyzed for their association with participants’ willingness to screen. Results: Participants were knowledgeable concerning thalassemia before the health education session (median, range: 60.0, 25.0-90.0), and knowledge was increased significantly after the education session (median, range: 80.0, 35.0-100.0) with an increased median difference=19.99 (p-value 0.05), the willingness was slightly associated with improved knowledge regarding the risk of disease (OR: 1.02; 95%CI: 1.00-1.03; p-value <0.005). Conclusion: Health education regarding thalassemia significantly increases general knowledge of thalassemia. However, improving knowledge is not significant in influencing adolescents’ motivation to take the screening tests
Knowledge and Attitudes towards Premarital Screening among Adolescents: A study in a University Setting
Get PDFBackground: Premarital screening (PMS) is an action to prevent the occurrence of genetic and the transmission of infectious diseases. The screening has been recommended and promoted in Indonesia. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes towards premarital screening among teenagers in a university setting.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design, including 310 adolescents aged 18–21 years at obtained through a non-random consecutive sampling at Universitas Padjadjaran. The data was collected from October 2020 until January 2021 using a close-ended questionnaire, assessing knowledge and attitude towards the PMS. The frequency knowledge level was grouped as good, moderate, and poor. The attitude level was categorized as positive and negative.Results: Most of the respondents (90.3%) had good knowledge of PMS. Respondents who had positive attitudes (79%) strong agreed that carrying out PMS was important, and 51% perceived that PMS needed to be a mandatory procedure before marriage. However, 59.6% had no idea how to deal if the result of the PMS was positive.Conclusion: In general, adolescents at Universitas Padjadjaran have good knowledge and a positive attitude towards PMS. However, comprehensive information about PMS is still needed, especially on decision points that must be taken after getting the test results
Glasgow Outcome Scale Assessment in Patients with Cerebral Toxoplasmosis
Get PDFBackground: Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a Toxoplasma gondii infection affecting the brain. Assessment of the functional outcome after treatment is needed as an evaluation for therapeutic management. One of the instruments used is the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). This study aimed to assess the functional outcome of cerebral toxoplasmosis patients using GOS.Methods: A Cross-sectional descriptive study with total sampling method was conducted. Medical records were retrieved from patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis registered at the Department of Neurology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung during year 2017–2019. Inclusion criteria were patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis aged >18 years and had a positive HIV serological test. The GOS was assessed and presented in frequency, using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software ver. 25.0.Results: Of 87 patients, 68% had somnolent on admission to the hospital, 51% had hemiparesis/hemiplegia, and 76% had GOS 3, indicating severe disability. Almost one third (28%) of patients died during hospitalization with non-neurological complications as the most common cause of death (63%). On discharge from the hospital, 82% of the survivors were fully alert, 40% had hemiparesis/hemiplegia, and 33% had GOS 4 (mild disability).Conclusions: Most of the cerebral toxoplasmosis patients come to the hospital with severe disability. During the treatment, one third of patients died, and those who survived had mild disability. GOS has improved after hospitalization, suggesting that GOS is useful for assessment of therapeutic management.
Reversal Reaction in Leprosy Patients: Study on Prevalence, Sociodemographic Characteristics, and Precipitating Factors at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Heretofore, leprosy remains one of the most stigmatizing diseases with serious social consequences. Patients with leprosy might develop inflammatory reactions that interrupt with stable and chronic disease which are called leprosy reactions. Type 1 leprosy reactions, also known as reversal reactions (RR), are caused by immune responses that initially decreases, then “reverses” to become more intense, leading to considerable disability. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, and precipitating factors of reversal reaction in leprosy patients.Methods: This was a retrospective study with a cross-sectional design, with an approach to collecting data from the medical records of the Leprosy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung West Java, during January 2015–December 2019.Results: The results showed that 53 patients (24.7%) of the total 214 leprosy patients experienced a reversal reaction. The most frequent type of leprosy with reversal reaction was borderline lepromatous (BL) (56.5%). Most of the patients were male (68%), aged between 25–44 years (47.2%), unemployed patients (35.8%), and the last education was senior high school (71.7%). Physical stress was suspected as the most precipitating factor in reversal reaction patients (50.9%).Conclusions: The prevalence of leprosy patients with reversal reaction in a Tertiary Referral Hospital West Java, Indonesia is 24.7%, with various characteristics based on sociodemographic. Physical stress is suspected as the most precipitating factor of RR in leprosy patients. Early diagnosis of reversal reaction is important to prevent nerve damage and disability
Effectiveness of Online Height Measurement Training for Parents
Get PDFBackground: The incidence of stunting in Indonesia is high (30.8%), therefore, regular monitoring of children’s height growth is needed. However, during the Covid-19 pandemic, the health service’s checks are limited, as well as schools as a potential place to monitor children’s growth are closed. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of online height measurement training for parents.Methods: This was a quantitative research with one group pre-and post-intervention design. It was conducted in a rural area in West Java, from August to November 2021. The parents of school students were included with a purposive sampling method. The training media was in the form of height measurement videos. The assessment of parents’ skills was an online check sheet with a Likert scale of 1–5 using the Whatsapp application. Analyzes were performed with the Paired T-Test.Results: In total, 86 parents were included, all of whom were mothers with the majority (51.2%) age range of 36–45 year. Parental education varied with most elementary school graduates (27.9%). Most mothers did not work (59.3%). As for the students, the majority were female students (60.5%) between 6–9 years old. The skill score before and after training was effective (d=2.04; p=<0.001).Conclusion: Online height measurement training using video has high effectiveness in improving parents’ skills to self-practice measurement at home
Impact of Instagram Usage Intensity on Self-Esteem among Preclinical Medical Students
Get PDFBackground: Instagram is one of the social media that is growing rapidly in Indonesia. However, the impact of Instagram usage intensity, especially on the users’ emotional well-being, is still unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of the intensity of using Instagram on the self-esteem among preclinical medical students in Jakarta.Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach in preclinical medical students in Jakarta, Indonesia, conducted from January 2020 to January 2021. Sampling was performed by stratified random sampling followed by simple random sampling. Instagram usage intensity and self-esteem were measured using the Instagram Intensity Scale Questionnaire (IISQ) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.Results: Of the108 students, 45.4% had used Instagram above the usage intensity average (average 3.01), of whom 30.6% had low self-esteem (15 out of 49). There was a significant relationship between Instagram usage intensity and self-esteem (p=0.031).Conclusion: Instagram usage intensity has an impact on the self-esteem of preclinical medical students. Further studies are needed to explore this issue, as to see other contributing factors and a larger population with different characteristics.