Althea Medical Journal
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Relationship between Parenting Style and Maternal Personal Hygiene with Children’s Personal Hygiene in North Jakarta
Get PDFBackground: Personal hygiene habits need to be practiced since early childhood because they are essential mechanisms in breaking the chain of transmission of various diseases. Important factors that affect children's personal hygiene are parenting style and maternal personal hygiene. This study aimed to determine the relationship between parenting style and maternal personal hygiene with their children’s personal hygiene.Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional method conducted in July-December 2019. Parenting style and personal hygiene questionnaires were completed by students’ mothers from four primary schools in North Jakarta (n 327). The study used the total sampling method Data collection was analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher exact test.Results: The study showed that 98.5% of students were raised with a non-exposure or authoritative parenting style, of which 57.5% of mothers had poor personal hygiene., Due to this, 61.8% of students had poor personal hygiene. Interestingly, there was a significant relationship between maternal personal hygiene and children's personal hygiene (p = 0.023). However, there was no significant relation between parenting style and children's personal hygiene (p = 0.065).Conclusions: There is no significant relationship between parenting style and children's personal hygiene. There is a significant relationship between maternal personal hygiene and children's personal hygiene. Therefore, parents need to apply the proper parenting style supported by other factors, such as good maternal personal hygiene, to encourage and educate children in achieving good personal hygiene
Outcomes of Tuberculous Meningitis Patients with or without Hydrocephalus from a Tertiary Hospital in West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. One of the most common complications of TBM is hydrocephalus, with a higher risk of mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome among TBM patients with or without hydrocephalus.Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional comparative analytical study. A total sampling was employed based on the number of traceable resumes of TBM patients treated at the Department of Neurology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia in 2018. Results: Of the 127 data of TBM patients, 55 (43.3%) had hydrocephalus, and 72 (56.7%) did not. The median age of TBM patients with and without hydrocephalus was 34 years (IQR 26–45) and 35 years (IQR 24–44), respectively. Decreased consciousness dominated the clinical symptoms for 94.5% in the hydrocephalus group and 84.7% in the non-hydrocephalus group. Hospital-acquired pneumonia occurred mainly in the hydrocephalus group (29.1%), whereas urinary tract infections mainly occurred in without hydrocephalus group (18%). There was a significant difference between the outcome of hydrocephalus and non-hydrocephalus (p=0.005). Mortality was higher in patients with hydrocephalus compared to those without hydrocephalus.Conclusions: The outcome of TBM patients with hydrocephalus is worse than those without hydrocephalus, as reflected by a higher grade of TBM, higher mortality rate, and lower good recovery upon treatment administration. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and treatment are needed to improve the outcome and survival among TBM patients with hydrocephalus
Characteristics and Risk Factors of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Stroke is the second most common cause of death globally and the third most common cause of disability. The prevalence of stroke is increasing despite managing various stroke risk factors that have improved considerably. Ischemic stroke is the most prevalent type, and about 90% of stroke events are attributable to modifiable risk factors. This study aimed to explore the characteristics and risk factors of patients with acute ischemic stroke in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted retrospectively in October 2020, using a total sampling method on medical records of acute ischemic stroke patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital year 2019. Medical records with incomplete and missing data were excluded. Demographic and known risk factors data were collected and presented in the table.Results: Of the 355 subjects, male patients (n=69, 76.7%) were predominant, with the age range of 55–64 years old (36.1%). The majority of the subjects had an ischemic stroke of large-artery atherosclerosis (68.2%) with carotid system involvement (93.2%). As much as 305 subjects (85.9%) had hypertension as the risk factor, followed by dyslipidemia (47.3%), heart disease (39.4%), previous stroke history (33.8%), smoking (25.6%), diabetes mellitus (24.5%), hyperuricemia (12.1%), and blood disorders (2.3%).Conclusions: Males in the older age group have a higher risk of getting acute ischemic stroke with ischemic stroke of large-artery atherosclerosis and carotid system involvement, and hypertension has the highest prevalence
Physical Fitness Is Correlated with Quality of Life among Elderly Gymnastics Club from Haji General Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Indonesia is the fourth most populated country, of whom 10.8% are elderly people. The quality of life (QOL), which includes physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and the environment, is crucial as physical fitness may reflect the ability to perform daily activities without significant fatigue. The objective of this study was to explore the correlation of physical fitness with the QOL among the elderly.Methods: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach, including members of the elderly gymnastics club of the Haji General Hospital Surabaya. The physical fitness value was measured based on VO2max using a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). The VO2max (0.03 x mileage(m) + 3.98 cc/kilogram body weight/minute) was categorized into poor, moderate, and good. The QOL was assessed with WHOQOL-100 and grouped into poor, moderate, and good QOL. Data were analyzed by the Spearman correlation test.Results: In total, 33 elderly were recruited, with an average age was 67.85±6.11 years (range 60–78), mean height was 1.49±0.09 m, mean weight was 57.65±10.53 kg, and mean BMI was 24.92±3.69. The mean VO2max was 16.96±2.37, and the QOL was 64.61±6.82 mL/kg/minute. The 6MWT resulted in the physical fitness of poor (15%; n=5), moderate (36%; n12), and good (48%; n16). The WHOQOL assessment showed moderate (30%; n=10) and good (61%; n=23) QOL. Spearman correlation test results showed a correlation between physical fitness and the QOL (coefficient 0.356 and p= 0.042).Conclusions: There is a correlation between physical fitness and QOL among the elderly, suggesting that increasing physical fitness among the elderly, adjusted to their physical health condition, is important to get a good quality of life
Level of Knowledge and Attitude towards COVID-19 among High School students in Depok
Get PDFBackground: Depok is the city with the largest COVID-19 cases in West Java, Indonesia. The application of health protocol for high school student as the second-largest age group,’s depends on the level of knowledge and attitudes that can be affected by gender. This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes based on the gender of high school students towards COVID-19 in Depok.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic study, conducted from June 2020 to June 2021. The data was collected using a Google form application with a validated questionnaire and the research subjects were high school students in Depok. Knowledge of COVID-19 was assessed with 18 questions, true or false questions. Correct answer was assigned 1 point. Points were summed for a total knowledge score of Poor, Moderate, or Good. Attitude was assessed with 6 questions. For each answer given, subjects with a total score of >18 were assessed as a positive attitude.Results: Of a total of 273 respondents, 238 had met the inclusion criteria. Most of the respondents had a moderate level of knowledge (60.5%) and most of the respondents (89%) had a positive attitude towards COVID-19. No significant differences in level of knowledge or attitude between males and females (p>0.05).Conclusions: High school students in Depok have a moderate level of knowledge and have a positive attitude in dealing with COVID-19 which is not influenced by gender. The lack of information regarding the timing of vaccine administration and examination of COVID-19 needs to be a concern for high school students in Depok
Knowledge and Attitude among Doctors towards Use of Prophylactic Vitamin K in Neonatal Bleeding Disorders in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Experience from Haj El-Safi Hospital, Sudan
Get PDFBackground: Vitamin K is crucial for neonates to prevent bleeding disorders. Raising awareness of vitamin K use would show positive outcomes. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of prophylactic use of vitamin K for bleeding disorders in neonates among doctors working in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Haj El-Safi Hospital, Sudan.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2019, involving 36 doctors selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected by an interview-based questionnaire designed to measure the knowledge level of doctors toward vitamin K deficiency classification and interactions, guidelines availability and adherence, and parents counseling. Data were analyzed and presented in tables. Results: The doctors involved in this study were 36, including 7 registrars, 6 medical officers, 23 house officers, mostly aged 20–25 years (n=29), and female (n=27). The level of knowledge about the classification of vitamin K deficiency and the interaction of vitamin K with other drugs among doctors was mostly good (n=14 and n=15, respectively). Registrars were the most in the good category (n=6, and n=7, respectively). Most doctors (n=23) were aware of vitamin K guidelines, while only 15 have continuous adherence, 16 of doctors counseled parents about the importance of prophylactic vitamin K.Conclusion: The level of knowledge towards prophylactic vitamin K use in neonatal bleeding disorders among doctors in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Haj El-Safi Hospital is good
Trends in Determinants of Birth Interval based on Data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey in 2007, 2012, and 2017
Get PDFBackground: Fertility is the main component of population dynamics that determines the population structure of a country. One method to measure fertility is to analyze the birth interval. This study aimed to identify determinants of birth interval based on the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data in 2007, 2012, and 2017.Methods: This study design was descriptive using IDHS data from 2007, 2012, and 2017 with a cross-sectional study design. Samples were mothers who gave birth to their last living child in the last five years.Results: In the IDHS 2007, the birth interval at risk (<24 months) was 11.8%, increased in the 2012 IDHS to 12.1%, and decreased in the 2017 IDHS to 9.8%. In the three-period IDHS, the same determinants of the birth interval were discovered, such as the age of the woman, duration of breastfeeding, use of contraception, the status of the child before the last child, mother’s education level, and wealth quintile. However, in 2007, the sex of the child before the last child and the number of surviving children also influenced the birth interval. In 2017 the number of children who were still alive also affected the birth interval. The most dominant factor influencing the occurrence of short birth intervals after controlling for other variables was the survival status of the previous child.Conclusion: The short birth interval is the most prevalent in the 2012 IDHS. Optimal birth interval has the potential to improve maternal, neonatal, and infant health
Clinical Signs in Allergic Rhinitis Patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung 2017-2021
Get PDFBackground: The clinical diagnosis of allergic rhinitis requires comprehensive data from the history and physical examination. Despite being a substantial component of the diagnosis for allergic rhinitis, there is a paucity of studies about clinical signs of allergic rhinitis in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the clinical signs in allergic rhinitis patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2021, including secondary data of patients with allergic rhinitis from medical records registered from 2017 to 2021. Data of the characteristics, clinical signs, and allergic rhinitis comorbidities were collected and presented in tables.Results: The most common clinical sign was turbinate hypertrophy (74%), followed by pale nasal mucosa (59%) and clear nasal discharge (59%). The most prevalent comorbidities were chronic rhinosinusitis, adenoid hypertrophy, and asthma.Conclusions: The clinical signs observed from allergic rhinitis patients may vary, with the most common findings, including nasal turbinate hypertrophy, pale nasal mucosa, and clear nasal discharge. The findings may help the clinicians to diagnose allergic rhinitis needed for therapy management.
Correlation between Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Immature-to-total Neutrophil (I/T) Ratio to Bacterial Infection among Children with Chronic Kidney Disease
Get PDFBackground: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children has a long-lived impact, such as an increased risk of bacterial infection. Infection may accelerate disease progression, making early detection crucial. Inflammatory markers typically used for bacterial infection are C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Procalcitonin (PCT). This study aimed to determine the correlation between levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and immature-to-total-neutrophil ratio (I/T ratio) to bacterial infection in children with CKD as indicated by the serum levels of CRP and PCT.Methods: Observational analysis with a cross-sectional design was conducted from January 2019 to November 2021 in children from 3 months to 18 years old with CKD and bacterial infection. Retrospective data were obtained from medical records at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Correlation analysis was performed (SPSS program) at a 95% confidence level, and results were considered significant if the p-value 0.05) and NLR (r=0,188; p>0.05) to CRP.Conclusions: NLR and I/T ratios have a significant positive correlation with PCT levels but not with CRP levels. NRL and I/T ratios can be considered as alternative markers for diagnosing CKD in children with a bacterial infection