Althea Medical Journal
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Overview of Dental Caries Severity and Nutritional Status in Preschool Children in Jatinangor in September 2014
No full textBackground: The prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia is still high. The pain caused by dental caries could interfere with children’s ability to eat and even their growth. This study aimed to discover the proportion of dental caries severity related to nutritional status in children aged 3–5 years.Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in 3 Pre-school Education Centers (Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, PAUD) in the sub-district of Jatinangor in September 2014. Sixty four children were selected through cluster random sampling as samples. The degree of caries was measured by def-t index. Nutritional status was determined by anthropometric measurements, i.e. body weight (BW)/body height (BH) or body mass index (BMI)/Age index.Results: There were 59 (92%) children suffered from dental caries out of which 48 (75%) children was severe, 6 (9%) children was moderate, and 10 (16%) children was mild. Furthermore, 18 (28%) children were mildly undernourished and 46 (72%) were well-nourished. Out of all the children with severe dental caries, 16 (34%) children had mild undernourishment while out of all the children with moderate-mild dental caries, 2 (12%) children had mild undernourishment.Conclusions: Children aged 3-5 years in the sub-district of Jatinangor have a relatively severe dental caries even though their nutritional status are generally good. Mildly undernourished children largely come from the group with severe dental caries. [AMJ.2016;3(2):314–8] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.46
Pattern of Nutritional Intake among Obese Undergraduate in Faculty of Communication Studies Universitas Padjadjaran
Get PDFBackground: Obesity has become the 5th leading cause of death worldwide in 2010. It is a combination of genetic susceptibility, increased availability of high energy food intake and decreased requirements for physical activity in modern society. The increase in calorie intake among obese people often leads to many chronic diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to observe calorie intake pattern among obese undergraduates.Methods: This study was conducted at Faculty of Communication Studies Universitas Padjadjaran, from September to November 2013. This cross-sectional study used anthropometric measurement based on Asian Body Mass cut-off points, which the screening was conducted on 512 undergraduate students, consisting of 103 undergraduates, overweight (50) and obese (53). From 53 undergraduates, 30 respondents were randomly selected. The respondents were then interviewed using 3x24 hours Food Recall questionnaire, conducted on two weekdays and one weekend to observe their pattern of nutritional intake. Total number of calories was categorized into few groups according to the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) 2012.Results: From the thirty obese undergraduates, both male (11) and female (9) consumed more excess protein in daily life. Consumption of carbohydrate and energy was significantly normal. Common consumption of food as daily basis contained more carbohydrate then protein, fats or energy.Conclusions: Prevalence of obesity is still high. Frequent meal and high intake of carbohydrates has become factors to nutritional imbalance of obese undergraduates. Types of food most widely consumed are white rice, fried chicken, tofu, tempe (asian food made from fermenting soybeans) and sweetened tea. [AMJ.2016;3(3):486–92]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.86
Functional Status of Stroke Patients at Neurologic Outpatient Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital
Get PDFBackground: Functional status refers to the ability of an individual to perform normal daily activity required to meet basic needs, fulfill usual roles, and maintain health and well-being. The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of disability and independency of stroke patients who had undergone rehabilitation therapy as the routine activity using Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADLs) and basic Activity of Daily Living (BADLs). Methods: This descriptive study carried out from September to October 2014 at Neurologic outpatient clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung with a total 33 subjects. Barthel index and IADLs questionnaire was used as an instrumental tool. Barthel index was used to measure the level of disability and IADLs was used to measure the level of independency of an individual.Results: From the 33 patients, 20 patients completed their rehabilitation therapy; 5 patients showed a moderate disability and 15 patients showed a mild disability at the Barthel Index of ADLs. The result of IADLs showed that 7 patients who completed the therapy had moderate level of independency, and 3 patients were at the category of high level of independency.Conclusions: Most of the stroke patients have moderate disability in Barthel Index and had low level of independency in IADLs. [AMJ.2016;3(1):126–31] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.72
Nutritional Status of Tetralogy of Fallot Patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung
Get PDFBackground: Undernutrition is common in children with congenital heart disease (CHD), especially in developing countries including Indonesia. The objective of the study was to describe the nutritional status of children patients with Tetralogy of Fallot.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using 41 medical records of children aged 0–14 years old with Tetralogy of Fallot that visited pediatric outpatient department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in period of January to December 2013. The variable was anthropometric measurement, namely weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height, and body mass index-for-age. These anthropometric data were analyzed using statistics software, WHO Anthro, and WHO AnthroPlus and were classified based on nutritional status according to WHO. The collected data were displayed in percentage.Results: There were more boys (60.98%) who had Tetralogy of Fallot compared to girls (39.02%). The percentage of undernutrition was 39.02% with 43.75% in 5–14 year old children. The percentage of stunting was 70.73% with 72% in 0–5 year old children. Meanwhile, the percentage of underweight was 52% in children aged 0–5 years old.Conclusions: The percentage of undernourished children with Tetralogy of Fallot is quiet high. Undernutrition occurs more often in 5–14 year old children, while stunting occurs more often in 0–5 year old children. [AMJ.2016;3(2):298–303]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.78
Isolated Bacteria from Hemodialysis Water Distribution Systems in Hemodialysis Centers in Bandung
Get PDFBackground: Despite the advent of water treatment technology for the past few decades, bacterial contamination is still an everlasting issue that requires solid intervention. Many studies across the world have identified myriad of bacteria that colonize the hemodialysis water distribution system. This study was conducted to identify common bacteria that colonized the hemodialysis water distribution systems in Bandung.Methods: This was a descriptive laboratory study conducted at the Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran in 2014. Sterile bottles were used to collect 16 samples of reverse osmosis water from 2 hemodialysis centers in Bandung. Approximately 15 ml of water volume was collected in each bottle from 7 standard points for water sampling in hemodialysis system. The samples were first inoculated into R2A agar by pour-plate method and colonies were sub–cultured onto MacConkey and blood agar and the identification was based on Gram stain morphology, colony characteristics, and biochemical tests.Results: Micrococcus luteus and Pseudomonas sp. were the two predominant organisms which colonized the hemodialysis water distribution system. In addition, some genus of the Enterobacteriaceae such as Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis were also isolated from the system and seemed to colonize the entire system.Conclusions: Bacterial contamination in hemodialysis water distribution system in Bandung is still a major problem regardless the efforts taken to minimize it. [AMJ.2016;3(2):259–64] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.78
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients towards Compliance to Treatment in Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat
Get PDFBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the top ten chronic diseases in the world and the prevalence of this disease will increase in the future including in Indonesia. Treatment of DM needs collaboration between the patients and the providers to prevent multiorgan complications and increase the compliance to treatment. The correlation among the level of knowledge (K), attitude (A) and practice (P) plays an important role of patients towards compliance to treatment. The objectives of this study was to identify the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of DMT2 patient towards compliance to treatment at a primary care facility.Methods: This study was carried out by using cross sectional descriptive study from August until November 2013 in Public Health Center (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat/Puskesmas) Tanjungsari, Sumedang, West Java. There were 49 respondents and the sampling method used was non-probability sampling. The data was collected through face to face interview using questionnaire which consist of 27 questions about knowledge, attitude and practice. The collected data was anayzed using computer and was presented in the form of tables and a figure.Results: This study discovered that 22 patients had moderate knowledge, 17 patients had good knowledge and 10 patients had poor knowledge. As for attitude, there were 32 patients had good attitude and 17 patients had moderate attitude. Whereas, for practice, 44 patients were good and 5 patients were moderate.Conclusions: Majority of respondent had moderate knowledge, good attitude and practices. [AMJ.2016;3(3):416–20]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.87
Computer Vision Syndrome among Call Center Employees at Telecommunication Company in Bandung
Get PDFBackground: The occurrence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) at the workplace has increased within decades due to theprolonged use of computers. Knowledge of CVS is necessary in order to develop an awareness of how to prevent and alleviate itsprevalence . The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of CVS among call center employees and to explore the most frequent CVS symptom experienced by the workers.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted during the period of September to November 2014 at Telecommunication Company in Bandung using a questionnaire consisting of 30 questions. Out of the 30 questions/statements, 15 statements were about knowledge of CVS and other 15 questions were about the occurrence of CVS and its symptoms. In this study 125 call center employees participated as respondents using consecutive sampling. The level of knowledge was divided into 3 categories: good (76–100%), fair (75–56%) and poor (<56%). The collected data was presented in frequency tabulation.Results: There was 74.4% of the respondents had poor knowledge of CVS. The most symptom experienced by the respondents was asthenopia.Conclusions: The CVS occurs in call center employees with various symptoms and signs. This situation is not supported by good knowledge of the syndrome which can hamper prevention programs. [AMJ.2016;3(2):181–21]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.78
Association between Exclusive Breastfeeding and Child Development
Get PDFBackground: Child development highly correlates with child’s quality. The fastest child development period is during the first three years, also called golden period. This research was aimed to discover correlation between exclussive breastfeeding and child development in Cipacing Village Jatinangor, district of Sumedang.Methods: This research was conducted using cross-sectional method in thirteen Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu) Cipacing Village in Jatinangor. One hundred and two children aged 12−24 months with their caregiver were recruited as respondents by using cluster sampling method. Hist ory of exclusive breastfeeding was assessed with questionnaire while child development status was assesed with Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP) in September 2013 after informed consent was obtained. Chi-square test analysis was performed to determine correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and child development status.Results: Overall, children in Cipacing Village had non-exclusive breastfeeding history (83.3%), and only 16.7% respondents had exclusive breastfeeding history. Meanwhile, 89.2% of children had normal development status, and 10.8% had delayed development status. Statistic analysis using chi-square test in the level of 95% confidence between exclusive breastfeeding and child development showed p=0.686 and odds ratio 2.133.Conclusions: There is no significant relationship between history of exclusive breastfeeding and child development status. [AMJ.2016;3(1):79–84] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.72
Comparison of Age of Thelarche between Obese and Normal Girls
Get PDFBackground: Childhood obesity has become a major concern in recent years. The increasing childhood obesity prevalence may occur as the result of food consumption with high content of calories, fat, cholesterol and the lack of physical activity. Obesity in children will also affect their pubertal development. Puberty is a period in which maturation of the reproductive function is achieved.In girls, the initial sign of puberty is thelarche, defined as the appearance of breast bud underneath the areola.The onset of puberty depends on many factors, one of them is nutritional status especially obesity. This study was conducted to compare the age of thelarche between obese and normal girls.Methods: An analytical study using cross sectional method was conducted. This study was held in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, during the period of SeptemberOctober 2013. Data were obtained from 3 elementary schools, selected by multistage random sampling.The total subject was 46. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and chi-square test.Results: Thelarche occurred at age 9 years 4 months in the obese group compared to 11 years 2 months in the normal group. The analysis using Mann-Whitney test showed the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Based on age group, 42% obese girls attained thelarche between ages 89 years, while 63% girls in the normal group attained thelarche between ages 1112 years. The analysis using chi- square test showed that the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: Thelarche occurs earlier in obese girls compared to normal girls. [AMJ.2016;3(3):411–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.90
Knowledge of Housewives Regarding Non Steroid Anti Inflammatory Drug Use on Joint Pain in Hegarmanah Village Jatinangor
Get PDFBackground: Joint pain is frequently found in daily life activities. The prevalence of joint pain increases within the age. One of the medicine used for joint pain is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). In connection with inappropriate usage and their side effects, this study aimed to seek the extent ofhousewives’ knowledge on the use of NSAID for joint pain in Hegarmanah village, Jatinangor subdistrict.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in October 2013 to the housewives resided in Hegarmanah village, Jatinangor subdistrict, West Java. Questionaire sheet was distributed to each of 110 housewives that had been stratifiedly with randomized sample. The questionaire contained identity, age, education level, and knowledge of NSAID in related to joint pain.Results: Based on the data collected, 73 subjects had adequate level of the knowledge and 37 subjects were in a poor level of the knowledge. The proportion of respondents who knew that joint pain was the pain occurs in the joint was 99.1%, the proportion of respondents who knew that the pain relieving drugs are called NSAID group was 40.9%, the proportion of respondents who knew that NSAID had a side-effect was 73.6%, and the proportion of respondents who knew that the side-effect of NSAID is abdominal pain was 61.8%.Conclusions: Most of the housewives in Hegarmanah Subdistrict have adequate knowledge in the use ofNSAID for joint pain relief. [AMJ.2016;3(1):115–9]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.71