Althea Medical Journal
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Characteristics of Patient with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Underwent Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Injection in Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung in January–December 2013
Get PDFBackground: Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) that is prevalent to the blindness risk. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers Proliferative DR one of the priorities of eye diseases. This disease is caused by angiogenesis brought about by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGF). The Anti-VEGF Bevacizumab (Avastin) injection is considered sufficient in preventing proliferative DR patients from blindness. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of patients with proliferative DR underwent Anti-VEGF injection at Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted from August−October 2014 using 40 medical records of patients with proliferative DR underwent Anti-VEGF Bevacizumab (Avastin) injection at the Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung from January−December 2013. Inclusion criteria were the patients underwent anti-VEGF injection with complete medical records with minimum follow up of 3 weeks.Results: Among 40 patients, 55% were male and 45% were female. Furthermore, there was 100% found for DM Type 2. Moreover, random blood glucose varied among 140–200mg/dl (50%), while the hypertension was mostly at stage 2. Some of these patients had proliferative DR with vitreal hemorrhage (25%), macular edema (40%), and/or tractionalablasio retina (22.5%). Most patients had an improvement in their visual acuity (60%).Conclusions: Most of patients are male, aged 50–59 years old, random blood glucose among 140– 200mg/dl, followed DM Type 2 and hypertension stage 2. Anti-VEGF injection improves visual acuity. [AMJ.2016;3(2):280–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.78
Clinical and Histopathological Characteristic of Salivary Gland Carcinoma in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2009–2012
Get PDFBackground: Salivary gland neoplasm is one of the rare neoplasm. The frequency of this neoplasm is lower than 2% of all type of tumors in human. Malignant salivary gland tumor comprises 6% of all head and neck tumors. Data about salivary gland carcinoma are still limited. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of malignant salivary gland based on the patients’ age, gender, site of lesion and histopathology type. Methods: This study was conducted descriptively. There were 97 subjects found from histopathological form that had been examined in Department of Anatomical Pathology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2009–2012. Total sampling technique was used and all data about patients’ age, gender, site of lesion and histopathology type were collected and analyzed.Results: Of 97 cases, age group 50–59 years old had the highest frequency (29%). The prevalence in male was more frequent than female with male:female ratio was 1.4:1. The most common site of carcinoma was found in parotid gland (45%). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common histopathology type found in this study (28%).Conclusions: Salivary gland carcinoma is still a rare malignant case in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Carcinoma in parotid gland was the most common site and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common histopathology type. [AMJ.2016;3(1):54–8]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.69
Epidemiology of Giant Cell Tumor in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2010-2013
Get PDFBackground: Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a primary bone tumor. It is commonly seen in South East Asia and found in female around 20–45 years old. The GCT mostly occurs in epiphysis around the knee. The patients normally suffer from pain, swelling, limitation of joint movement, and pathologic fracture. This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of GCT of the bone based on age, sex, location, type, metastases, and recurrence in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Methods: A descriptive study with retrospective cohort using total sampling method was used to obtain 33 medical records of patients with GCT of bone in Department of Orthopedic & Traumatology and Anatomical Pathology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in the period of January 2010–December 2013.Results: The GCT of bone was mostly found in female of 20 to 29 years old and around 32 years old in male. Distal femur will be the most common site while zygoma, mandibular vertebrae, proximal tibia were rare sites. Twenty nine cases were benign lesion and the rest (4 cases) were malignant. The probability of GCT of bone to metastasize to lungs was very low. Four recurrences occurred within a year.Conclusions: The GCT of bone in male mostly occurs in the third and fourth decade of age. It is found around the knee, mostly benign, rarely metastasize to the lungs and recurrence happens within a year. [AMJ.2016;3(2):244–7] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.47
Profile of Knowledge on Stroke among Paramedics at Jatinangor and Tanjungsari Public Health Centers
Get PDFBackground: A knowledge of stroke is important for paramedics, to minimize delays and increase the numbers of potentially treatable patients. Paramedics are health workers who devote themselves in the field of health, have knowledge and/or skills through education in the health field that requires authority in running health services. The aim of this study was to measure the level of knowledge of paramedics about stroke in Jatinangor and Tanjungsari Public Health Center.Methods: A cross–sectional descriptive study was conducted from August to October 2013. An 11-item questionnaire has been established and were submitted to 43 paramedics at Jatinangor and Tanjungsari Public Health Center.The determination of level of knowledge was based on the T–score of each respondent compared with the mean T–score of the subject population.Result: The most respondents were female. Midwifery had the highest frequency of respondents. Largely, the source of information about stroke derived from education.The mean of T-score was 50. There were 28 respondents had a good level of knowledge about stroke and 15 respondents had a poor level of knowledge about stroke.Conclusions: Most paramedics have a good level of knowledge of stroke. [AMJ.2016;3(3):355–8]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.879
Profile of Anemia on Lung Tuberculosis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital and Community Lung Health Center Bandung
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that can cause anemia. Anemia is a lack of erythrocyte mass needed to carry adequate oxygen to the whole bodies. The aim of this study was to describe the anemia in adult lung TB patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital and Community Lung Health Center (Balai Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat, BKPM) Bandung.Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from August to October 2014. Study subjects were adult TB patients who came for their first control to TB Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital and BKPM Bandung after receiving oral antituberculosis drugs, and willing to comply in study. The exclusion criteria were patients with other chronic diseases, pregnant, menorrhagia, and hemoptoe. Three mL of vein blood was taken and put into EDTA tube for routine hematologic measurement using automatic hematologic analyzer, sysmex KX-21®.Results: There was 31 (63.26%) from 49 adult lung TB patients suffered anemia. In male subjects, mild and moderate anemia were found 57.14% and 42.86% respectively, and in female subjects were 58.82% and 41.18% respectively. In males, there were 42.86% normochromic normocytic, 42.86% hypochromic microcytic, 7.14% normochromic microcytic, and 7.14% hypochromic normocytic, while in females, there were 5.88% normochromic normocytic, 47.06% hypochromic microcytic, 17.65% normochromic microcytic, 29.41% hypochromic normocytic.Conclusions: Anemia is found in 63.26% adult lung TB patients, most of which are mild anemia and hypochromic microcytic, especially in female subjects. [AMJ.2016;3(1):137–40] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.47
Score of Fine Motor Skill in Children with Down Syndrome using Nintendo Wii
Get PDFBackground: Down syndrome occurs due to an extra chromosome 21, known as Trisomy 21. In addition to delayed cognitive and speech development, children with Down syndrome may also experience delayed gross and fine motor development. Virtual Reality Therapy, such as Nintendo Wii is a computer-based technology that allows users to interact with a virtual three-dimensional scenario and the most innovative physical rehabilitation method. High scores indicate that the player has a good motor skill. This study aimed to examine the difference between the score of fine motor skill in children with and without Down syndrome.Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2015 to 40 children aged between 9–12 years old who came from public primary schools and special needs schools in Bandung, West Java. They were divided into 2 groups using random gender and age pairing; one group was children with Down syndrome and another other group was normal children. The children’ scores of Nintendo Wii game were collected three times. The collected data were statistically analyzed by Chi-Square test.Results: The proportion of children with low-grade fine motor skill in Down syndrome group was larger than those with high-grade fine motor skill. In the other hand, in normal children group, the proportion was reversed compared to Down syndrome group. There was a significant difference in score of fine motor skill between children with Down syndrome and normal children (p=0.000).Conclusions: The fine motor skill of children with Down syndrome is poorer than normal children’s. [AMJ.2016;3(3):371–5] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.882
Hepatoprotective Effect of Trigona spp. Bee Propolis against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury in Rat
Get PDFBackground: Oxidative stress reaction can cause liver injury. This process can be prevented by antioxidant activities which can break the destructive chain caused by free radical substances in the liver. Propolis produced by Trigona spp. bee is known to have a high level of antioxidant. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Trigona spp. bee propolis on liver histological toxicity caused by carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress.Methods:This experimental study was conducted in September 2013 at the Animal Laboratory of Departement of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Twenty-four healthy male Wistar rats as objects were adapted for one week and randomly divided into 3 groups. Group I was the control negative, group II was given carbon tetrachloride on day 14, group III was given Trigona spp. bee propolis on day 1-14. On day 14, group III was injected CCl4 intraperitoneally. The quantitative data were statistically analyzed using the one way ANOVA and Tukey test with p value < 0.05.Results: Group I showed the liver contained normal cells, without significant injury of the membrane, round and complete nucleus. The average number of liver cell was 464 ± 9.59281 cells/field; group II underwent necrosis and the average of the cells was 146 ± 7.56885 cells/field; group III showed some normal liver cells, and some necrotic area with the normal liver cells average was 263 ± 14.10860 cells/field. The p-value=0.00.Conclusions: Trigona spp. bee propolis has a hepatoprotective effect against CCl4-induced liver injury histologically. [AMJ.2016;3(3):481–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.861
Pathogen Profile of Patients with Sepsis in Internal Medicine, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung 2013
Get PDFBackground: Sepsis is a continuous disease which begins with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), seen in association with a large number of clinical conditions. These include infectious insults that produce SIRS, such as pancreatitis, ischemia, multiple traumas and tissue injury, hemorrhagic shock, immunemediated organ injury, and the exogenous administration of such putative mediators of the inflammatory process as tumor necrosis factor and other cytokines. A frequent complication of SIRS is the development of organ system dysfunction, including such well-defined clinical conditions as acute lung injury, shock, renal failure, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Hence, this study was conducted to identify the pathogen profile that often causes sepsis.Methods: A retrospective study was performed to 152 medical records of patients diagnosed as sepsis from Internal Medicine Department Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January 2013 to December 2013. The variables observed from the medical records were age, sex, comorbidity, main infection, culture sample, type of gram bacteria, resistant bacteria, and antibiotic susceptibility test. After data collection was completed, the data were analyzed using computer. The data were presented in percentage.Results: Sepsis in male was higher than female. Highest comorbid was chronic kidney disease (CKD). The main infection was health care acquired pneumonia (HCAP). Highest pathogen that caused sepsis was Escherichia coli and highest multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) was extended spectrum beta-lactamase(ESBL) Escherichia coli.Conclusions: The most common pathogen that causes sepsis is Escherichia coli. [AMJ.2016;3(2):200–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.78
Tinea Capitis among Elementary School Students in Jatinangor,Sumedang, West Java
Get PDFBackground: Fungal infection is a common disease in tropical and subtropical countries. Warm and humid climates provide a favourable environment for organism causing superficial mycosis. One of the fungal infections that commonly occurred in children is tinea capitis. Tinea capitis is a superficial fungal infection of the hair and scalp caused by dermatophytes. The age predilection of this disease is children aged 3 until 14 years . The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of tinea capitis among elementary school students in Jatinangor, Sumedang, Indonesia.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study involved 391 students from thefirst until sixth grade at four elementary schools in Jatinangor, in the period of September until October 2013. Anamnesis, physical examination, Wood’s lamp examination and direct microscopic examination were conducted to diagnose the disease. The collected data were analyzed and presented in the form of frequency distribution and percentages shown in tables.Results: Out of 391 students participating in this study, 194 were boys and 197 were girls. The age range was 6 until 16 years. Based on the screening results, 74 students were known to have complaints about their hair and scalp and only 49 students could continue the study as they have no positive result of tinea capitis.Conclusions: There is no positive findings of tinea capitis according to anamnesis, physical examination, Wood’s lamp examination and direct microscopic examination. Further examination by culture with Sabouraud’s dextrose agar should be carried out. [AMJ.2016;3(3):340–4] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.87
The Distribution of Pubertal Age among Male School Students in Jatinangor District from April to June 2013
Get PDFBackground: Puberty is important and exciting lifetime changes in an individual. Many new changes are experienced during puberty, such as physically, mentally, and emotionally. Currently, young males worldwide have different onset of pubertal age. Many factors may result in this change of pubertal age. The exact pubertal age was still unknown due to less study conducted previously. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the distribution of pubertal age among male school students in Jatinangor.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted from April to June 2013. A secondary data were obtained from the Jatinangor Cohort Study, from the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. The samples were taken via cluster random sampling from 48 schools around Jatinangor. Randomization was conducted and a total of 219 male students were finally obtained from the overall data which had at least single onset of pubertal changes. This presents a response rate of 82.33%.Results: The earliest onset of pubertal age was identified as 9 years old and the oldest onset was 18 years old. The majority onset of pubertal age ranged from 12 to 15 years old with average mean of 13 years. Voice changes were identified as the early sign of puberty among males.Conclusions: Majority of the students undergo puberty at age 13 which is earlier compared to previous studies. Thus, this study indicates decreasing in onset of pubertal age among male school students in Jatinangor. [AMJ.2016;3(1):6–11] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n1.69