Althea Medical Journal
Not a member yet
480 research outputs found
Sort by
Characteristics of Anterior Segment Dysgnesis in Pediatric and Strabismus Ophthalmology Unit at Cicendo Eye Hospital 2012-2014
Get PDFBackground: Developmental anomalies in congenital anomalies cause malformation, such as Anterior Segment Dysgenesis (ASD). Disorder in maturation of anterior segment of the eye occurs in ASD, associated with increased risk of glaucoma. This relation is not supported with enough data about characteristics pediatric patients with ASD in Indonesia. The aim of the study was to describe characteristics ASD in pediatric patient Cicendo Eye Hospital based on patients’ identity, clinical profile and obstetrics profile.Methods: This study used a descriptive method and conducted retrospectively. Data were collected from medical records of patient with ASD in Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Unit at Cicendo Eye Hospital, from January 2012 to December 2014. This study was conducted from July to November 2015. Total sampling based on inclusion criteria were used in this study. Statistic software was used to analyze data. Results: This study used a descriptive method and conducted retrospectively. Data were collected from medical records of patient with ASD in Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Unit at Cicendo Eye Hospital, from January 2012 to December 2014. This study was conducted from July to November 2015. Total sampling based on inclusion criteria were used in this study. Statistic software was used to analyze data. Conclusions: Characteristics pediatric patients with ASD at Cicendo Eye Hospital based on patients identity are mostly patients diagnosed in infant age group, from outside Bandung, and mostly boys. Based on clinical profile most diagnosis is congenital glaucoma, bilateral dominantly, and without complication. Based on obstetric profile most patients with ASD were born at term without difficulties. [AMJ.2016;3(4):616–70] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.94
Comorbidities of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at Respirology and Critical Care Outpatient Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease that becomes one of the leading causes of death in the world. The COPD is usually accompanied by comorbidities that impact prognosis and increase patients’ expenses. However, the comorbidities of COPD patients have not yet to be known in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. This study was aimed to determine the frequency, type and number of comorbidities accompanying COPD.Methods: This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study at the respirology and critical care outpatient clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia in 2012. Data were obtained from medical records of patients diagnosed with COPD and had an obstructive pulmonary function test result. Sampling technique in this study was total sampling. Data were classified by age, gender, smoking history and severity of disease and were analyzed to determine the frequency, type and number of comorbidities accompanying COPD. Results: Thirty eight COPD patients with obstructive pulmonary function test results were analyzed. It consists of 31 males and 7 females with age ranged between 43–82 years and median age of 64 years. Severe obstruction was found in 15 of 38 patients. Comorbidities were found in 26 patients, and 2 patients had up to four comorbidities. The most common comorbidity was hypertension (9 of 38).Conclusions: The majority of COPD patients had comorbidities and the most frequent comorbidity was hypertension. [AMJ. 2017;4(1):30–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.101
A Study of Hypoalbuminemia and Pleural Effusionin Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome
Get PDFBackground: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a kidney disease that is most often found in children. Hypoalbuminemia in NS can cause a decrease in oncotic pressure causing extravasation of fluid into the interstitial space. In conditions of severe hypoalbuminemia, fluid extravasation may cause occurrence of pleural effusion. The objectives of this study was to analyze the correlation between hypoalbuminemia and pleural effusion in children with NS. Methods: An analytical study was conducted on 69 medical records of pediatric nephrotic syndrome from 1 January 2008–31 December 2013 in dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Inclusion criteria were pediatric patients between 1-14 years old with NS. Exclusion criteria were patients who already had albumin transfusion, malnutrition, patients with chronic disease, and incomplete medical record information. Contingency coefficient test was carried out to discover the correlation between variables. Results: Out of 89 samples, 69 samples were included. Characteristics of the included patients are male (n=48), female (n=21), age 1–5 (n=24), 6–10 (n=22), 11–14 (n=23), mild hypoalbuminemia (n=3), moderate hypoalbuminemia (n=27), severe hypoalbuminemia (n=39), patients with pleural effusion (n=23), and non-pleural effusion (n=46). There was a significant correlation between hypoalbuminemia and pleural effusion with p=0.000 (p<0.05) and moderate correlation (r=0.437). Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia has correlation with pleural effusion in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.Keywords: Hypoalbuminemia, pediatric nephrotic syndrome, pleural effusionDOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.107
Three Years Data of Uterine Fibroids Patient Characteristics at West Java Top Referral Hospital
Get PDFBackground: Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumor in female reproductive system and a major cause in declining their quality of live. Patient characteristics has high prevalence in black women, 40s, nulliparous, and early menarche. These characteristics are varied in some areas and considered in treatment decisions. The objectives of this study was to describe the uterine fibroid patient characteristics at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2015.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted to 255 medical records of patients with uterine fibroids at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hosiptal, Bandung from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2015. This study was conducted from September to November 2016. The variables were the year of treatment, age, education, occupation, married status, menarche, abortion, parity, type of uterine fibroids, and treatment. The collected data were analyzed and presented using frequency tables and percentages.Results: Most cases of uterine fibroids were discovered in 2014. The most characteristics with uterine fibroids were pre-menopausal age (41.18%), high school education (55.69%), housewife (63.14%), normal menarche (54.51%), married (92.16%), nulliparous (47.45%), no abortion (76.47%), multiple uterine fibroids (46.67%), and hysterectomy (58.04%).Conclusions: The most combination of characteristics of patients with uterine fibroids is nulliparrous women in reproductive and pre-menopausal age with normal menarche.
Effect of Spondias dulcis Leaves Infusion on Glucose Transport Rate through Rat Intestine Epithelium Cell Membrane
Get PDFBackground: Nowadays, people consume herbal remedies made from plants which are believed to be able to relieve certain symptoms and restore normal metabolic functions. Golden apple (Spondias dulcis) leaf has the potential to lower blood glucose. The purpose of this experiment was to observe the anti–hyperglycemic effect of S. dulcisleaves infusion on glucose transport rate through intestinal mucosal membrane of Wistar rats.Methods: An experimental study was conducted from October 2013 to November 2014. Nine male Wistar rats were selected aged 12–16 weeks, weighted 250–400 grams, healthy, actively moving, and had never been used in experiments. The rats were anesthetized, cut open and given three kinds of treatments: three kinds of glucose solutions were flowed through the intestinal tract using in situ perfusion method. Samples obtained from the rat’s intestine were measured with a spectrophotometer to obtain glucose rate transported through intestinal membrane from every treatment. The results of condition 1 and 2, and condition 1 and 3 were then compared.Results: The means of glucose transported through rat intestines epithelium cell membrane were 6.43 mg/dl, 9.40 mg/dl and 9.81 mg/dl. Statistic test result showed there was no significant difference on the glucose transported in every treatment.Conclusions: Glucose absorption rate in rat intestine doesnot decrease after they are given S. dulcis leaves infusion. Therefore, this experiment concludes that S. dulcis leaves do not affect the glucose transport rate in rat intestines epithelium cell membrane. [AMJ.2016;3(4):562–5] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.93
Incidence of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Period May to October 2013
Get PDFBackground: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common complication in patients undergoing surgery with anesthesia. The incidence of PONV is ranging between 20% and 30%. Despite many other studies about PONV in other regions, the descriptive data about PONV in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung is still unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of PONV in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.Methods: This descriptive study used a cross-sectional method. As many as 521 medical records in Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from May 5th to October 31st 2013 were reviewed. The subjects were taken by using total sampling technique. Data collected were gender, age, type of surgery, type of anesthesia, duration of surgery, administration of nitrous oxide, and administration of neostigmine.Results: Of 521 patients,the incidence of PONV was 20.5%. Female had higher incidence of PONV than male. Postoperative nausea and vomiting was the most frequent in the age category 6−20 years old. The Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) surgery was revealed as surgery with the highest incidence. Regional anesthesia had a higher incidence than general anesthesia. Operation lasting 181−210 minutes was considered as category which PONV mostly occured. Patients receiving nitrous oxide were more likely to experience PONV, and patients who were given neostigmine as muscle relaxant had lower incidence of PONV compared to those who were not.Conclusions: The incidence of PONV was similar to the study presumed earlier and this may influenced by many factors including patients, surgical, and aenesthtical factor. [AMJ.2017;4(1):58–63]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1022
Suspectable Risk Factors of Congenital Anomaly in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Congenital anomaly is a disease of structural or functional alteration since birth. The cause of congenital anomaly is genetic, environtment, and unknown. The cause of congenital anomaly is unknown, made congenital anomaly is difficult to detect. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the suspectable risk factors of congenital anomaly.Methods: This was a descriptive study. About 78 samples were taken by purposive sampling from medical records of patients with congenital anomaly in pediatric surgery ambulatory unit at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS), Bandung from September to November 2014. From the selected medical records, an interview was carried out to the parents’ patient to identify some suspectable risk factors. The collected data were analyzed and presented in tables.Results: From 78 medical records, hirschprung disease was the highest among all type of congenital anomaly (29%). The characteristic of congenital anomaly was mothers in the age of 20–35 years (65%), fathers’ age was more than 20 years old, family history of congenital anomaly was 1%, there was no history of previous congenital anomaly in previous pregnancy, infection history was 3%, history of medication was 11.5%, mother’s BMI was in normal term (18.5─24.9) as much as 65%, no history of radiation, there was no history of chronic alcohol. History of smoking/passive smoking was high (65%).Conclusions: Hirschprung disease is the highest rate disease in congenital anomaly and smoking is a highest suspectable risk factor contribute to congenital anomaly. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.109
Correlation between Mid Upper Arm Muscle Area/Size and Muscle Strength
Get PDFBackground: Muscle area/size reflects the true magnitude of muscle tissue changes. Muscle strength is an active tension generated by muscle that depends on its capacity to exert force on an object. The relation between the quantity of muscle area and the amount of muscle strength is suggested. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between mid-upper arm muscle area/size and muscular strength.Methods: This analytic study with ten subjects (medical students) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteriawas conducted at the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran in Jatinangor campus from 22th of April to 1st of November 2014. A skinfold calliper was used to measure triceps skinfold while a measuring tape measured the mid-upper arm circumference and a dynamometer measured the muscle strength. A formula was used to determine the mid-upper arm muscle area/size using mid-upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold. The collected data were analyzed statistically using correlation test and simple linear regression.Results: There was a strong correlation between mid-upper arm muscle area/size and muscular strength (correlation cooefficient 0.746). Moreover, the higher the Body Mass Index, the stronger the muscle strength was to some point. If the BMI was more than 25 kg/m2, this findings did not occurred.Conclusions: There is a strong positive correlation between mid-upper arm muscle area/size and arm muscle strength. [AMJ.2016;3(4):590–5
Salmonella Species Detection in Chicken Noodle Toppings Prepared by the Food Vendors around Jatinangor Campus of Universitas Padjadjaran
Get PDFBackground: Salmonellae is Gram negative Enterobacteriaceae which are commonly found in water. It can cause diseases in human through improper hygiene and sanitation practice, contamination of poultries, cross contamination from other food during storage, and also from Salmonella species carriers. Chicken noodle toppings are usually prepared early in the morning and not heated up upon serving. There are possibilities for bacterial contamination if the food vendors lack of hygienic practices. The risk of Salmonella species contamination is increased too as it can be spread through inappropriate hygiene and sanitation. Hence, the objective of the study was to detect the presence of Salmonella species in the chicken noodle toppings prepared by the food vendors around Jatinangor Campus of Universitas Padjadjaran.Methods: A descriptive laboratory study was conducted in September 2013. A total of 44 samples of chicken noodle toppings were collected from the food vendors in Jatinangor. The samples were cultured on Salmonella-Shigella agars. Then, Gram staining and biochemical tests were performed.Results: The chicken noodle toppings were not contaminated by Salmonella species, but other bacteria species such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, and Shigella species were found.Conclusions: There is no Salmonella species found. However, there are some other bacteria found such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, and Shigella species. It means that the food vendors lack of hygienic and sanitation aspects. Thus, proper actions should be taken to educate and increase the awareness of food vendors on the importance of sanitation. [AMJ.2016;3(4):566–9] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.94
Characteristics of Hypertension in Children at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in January to December 2014
Get PDFBackground: Hypertension is often found in children. It could cause serious complications and added risk of hypertension in adulthood. Hypertension in children is likely secondary type and some of them might be severe. The aim of this study was to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of hypertension in children admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in January to December 2014.Methods: The study design used was a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from medical records retrospectively of inpatient children from the period January to December 2014. Data were collected from the period September to November 2015 based on age and gender as a demographic characteristics and stage of hypertension, etiology of hypertension, and emerge of hypertensioncomplication as a clinical characteristics.Results: Ninety(1.9%)children with hypertension were found from 4,681 of total inpatient children consisting of 58 males and 32 females with median of age 8 (0−13) years old.The main stage of hypertension was hypertension stage 2 with 55 cases and nephrotic syndrome as the most common causes with 43 cases. The complications were present in hypertension stage 2 with 3 cases and hypertensive crisis with 2 cases.Conclusions: Children with hypertension are most commonly males and median of age was 8 years old. Hypertension is characterized by hypertension stage 2 and nephrotic syndrome as the most common etiology. Complications of hypertension appear in severe hypertension