Althea Medical Journal
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Quality of Life in Children with Atopic Dermatitis
Get PDFBackground: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic skin disease in children which caused significant morbidity and impaired quality of life (QoL). The main goal of AD therapy is to prevent flare -ups, prolong remission and increase QoL. Therefore, the study aimed to discover QoL in children with AD.Methods: The study was conducted at Pasundan Public Health Centre, Al Islam General Hospital and Kimia Farma Private Dermatology Clinic, from September to November 2015. This descriptive study used consecutive sampling with 24 outpatients who were admitted to the health facility and diagnosed as AD. A questionnaire on Infant Dermatitis Quality of Life for infants aged 0–4 years, and Children Dermatology Life Quality Index for children aged 5–16 years was used in this study to measure QoL.Results: Out of 24 patients, 9 patients aged 0–4 years had mean score of 4.44±4.36, and 15 patients aged 5–16 years had mean score of 5.80±3.95. Mean SCORAD Objective in patients aged 0–4 and 5–16 was 15.61±7.75 and 17.44±11.Conclusions: The QoL in children with AD vary among patients. Most of the patients have mild-moderate impairment in QoL.
Correlations between COPD Assessment Test and Modified British Medical Research Council Scoring and Degree of Airflow Limitation
Get PDFBackground: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Assessment Test (CAT) and Modified British Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnea scale are tools used to assess health status in COPD patients, while Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) may represent the degree of airflow limitation. Assessment of COPD patients is rarely performed comprehensively. This study aimed to determine the relationships of CAT and MMRC dyspnea scale and the degree of airflow limitation in COPD patients. Methods: The study was conducted from September until October 2014 after obtaining approval from the Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Ethics Committee. This observational analytic study was performed on 77 medical records of COPD patients at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Patients’ medical records included in this study were those with spirometry measurements results, CAT and MMRC dyspnea scale scoring. Data normality was analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test. Pearson’s Correlation was used for parametric variables. Spearman’s correlation was used for non-parametric variables.Results: Results showed Pearson’s correlation of CAT and FEV1 (p value=0.035 and r=0.240), and Spearman’s correlation of MMRC dyspnea scale and FEV1 (p value=0.198 and r=0.148).Conclusions: CAT scoring is significantly correlated with the degree of airway limitation. MMRC dyspnea scale is not significantly correlated with the degree of airway limitation
Antibiotic Conformity with Culture Results of Hospitalized Pneumonia Patients in Melati Ward at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia
Get PDFBackground: Pneumonia is an infection with the highest mortality rate in Indonesian hospitals. According to The American Thoracic Society and The Infectious Diseases Society of America (ATS/IDSA), empirical use of antibiotics is still effective for pneumonia treatment. Inappropriate use of antibiotics would cause negative effects such as prolonged hospitalization, a high cost of treatment, and increased antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The goal of this study was to clarify the empirical use of antibiotic conformity with a bacteria culture. Methods: This study was conducted from August to October 2013 using a descriptive retrospective method based on 116 medical records of pneumonia patients hospitalized in Melati Ward, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during 2011–2012. The type of bacteria, conformity with antibiotics given to patients, and type of antibiotics were analyzed. The conformity of antibiotics was assessed based on the resistance test. If the results were sensitive, they would be put in the conforming group and in the non-conforming group if the results were resistant or intermediate. Data was derived with descriptive statistics, using percentage and frequency distribution, illustrated in tables and figures.Results: Based on culture results and sensitivity of antibiotic empirical therapy given, 55.17% cases were conformed. The most widely used antibiotic group was Third-generation Cephalosporin (60.34%). The most common bacterias were Klebsiella pneumonia (34.5%) and Acinetobacter baumanni (13.8%).Conclusions: Most of the antibiotics given to pneumonia patients are still appropriate with results of the bacteria culture test and resistance test. [AMJ.2016;3(4):504–8] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.93
Comparison of Effectiveness between Rifampicin Ofloxin-Minocycline Regimen and Multidrug Therapy-World Health Organization in Multibacillary Leprosy Patients
Get PDFBackground: Multidrug therapy (MDT) which is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients has some side effects; it is given in 12 doses over 12-18 months. Patients who refuse or are contraindicated in undertaking MDT-WHO can be given alternative rifampicin-ofloxacin-minocycline (ROM) regimen for 24 months, whose side effects are less but more expensive. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness between ROM and MDT-WHO regimen in the first 12 months based on the derivation in morphological index (MI) of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in MB leprosy patient.Methods: This was an observational analytical study with retrospective cohort method. Data was collected from medical records of MB leprosy patients in the Medical Record Installation and Morbus Hansen Clinic, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. The overall derivation in MI in 12 months was assessed according to the type of therapy undertaken by the patient. Data was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U Test.Results: A total of 59 data were selected out of 800 data of new leprosy patients based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among those, 20 patients were treated by ROM and 39 by MDT-WHO. Derivation of MI occurred among both groups, but ROM regimen had higher percentage (94.83%) compared with MDT-WHO regimen (79.57%) with p value=0.003 (p <0.05). Conclusions: ROM regimen has better effectiveness than MDT-WHO regimen in the first 12 months in MB leprosy patients. [AMJ.2016;3(4):661–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.95
Lipid Profile in Type 2-Diabetic Women with Central Obesity and Non-central Obesity
Get PDFBackground: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and central obesity are associated with higher risk of cardiovascular diseases especially in women. Lipid profile may reflect dyslipidemia which includes hypertriglyceridemia, increased level of LDL-C, total cholesterol, and reduced HDL-C level in the blood. Patients with central obesity tend to have dyslipidemia compared to those without central obesity counterpart. The study aimed at comparing lipid profile in central-obese diabetic women and non–central-obese diabetic women. Methods: This study was an analytical study with cross–sectional approach conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia in 2013. A total of 160 data contained of waist circumference (WC) and the level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C and LDL-C were obtained from medical record of Diabetic patients within the period of January 2010–January 2012. Women patients whose WC of ≥80 cm were classified as central obesity while WC of 0.05).Conclusions: Diabetic patients with central obesity tend to have higher level of total cholesterol and triglyceride and lower level of HDL-C compared to diabetic patients without central obesity. [AMJ.2016;3(4):570–6] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.94
Visual Impairment Screening in Cibeusi Elementary School Students
Get PDFBackground: The World Health Organization (WHO) shows that there are around 153 million people with visual impairment due to uncorrected refractive error, mostly in 8–10 years. Screening of visual function in earlier age is important, because it is treatable. Correction of refractive error by using eye-glasses is the easiest and the cheapest way. This study aimed to identify the frequency of visual impairment and eye-glasses-used in children aged eight to ten in Cibeusi Elementary School. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted. This study was held in August 2014. Data were obtained from Cibeusi Elementary School in Jatinangor; simple random sampling technique was used to select 8–10 years old students. The total number of respondent was 101 students. Screening for visual impairment was performed using E-Chart. Result: Eleven eyes (5.44%) from a total of 202 eyes had visual impairment. Six (5.94%) students had visual impairment, whereas only 1 (1%) student used eye-glasses for improving his visual function. Visual impairment was considerably high in boy-students aged 8 years and was most prevalence in 3rd grade students.Conclusions: There are visual impairments which are not corrected with sunglasses
Application of Scoring System Components in Children Diagnosed with Tuberculosis in Jatinangor Primary Health Care, Sumedang
Get PDFBackground: Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children is very difficult. Scoring system is used to diagnose tuberculosis in children in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the application of scoring system components in children diagnosed with tuberculosis in the primary health care.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jatinangor Primary Health Care, Sumedang in September–October 2013. Data were obtained from 59 medical records of pediatric patients diagnosed with tuberculosis in 2010–2012, and recorded on the application of scoring system components including tuberculosis contact history, tuberculin skin test, fever, cough, nutritional status, lymph node enlargement, swelling of bones or joints, and chest X-ray. Results: All scoring system components either with tuberculosis contact history, fever, cough, nutritional status, lymph node enlargement, swelling of bones or joints, and chest X-ray were performed on all of the children diagnosed with tuberculosis, except the tuberculin skin test was performed only on 38 (64%) children. Most frequent clinical symptoms were cough (97%), while fever and malnutrition occurred in 69% and 19% of children, respectively.Conclusions: The application of scoring system components in children diagnosed with tuberculosis in Jatinangor primary health care is not having problems, except for the tuberculosis skin test. Most frequent clinical symptoms of childhood tuberculosis in this study are cough
Correlation between Sperm Motility and Morphology in the Success Rate of in Vitro Fertilization Procedure
Get PDFBackground: In vitro fertilization (IVF) is one of the assisted reproductive technology that has been used in treating infertility. Unfortunately, not every IVF procedure achieves 100% success in fertilizing the oocyte. It has been studied that the percentage of normal motile sperm and percentage of normal sperm morphology play a key role in this process. This study was conducted to evaluate correlation between sperm motility and morphology in the success rate of IVF. Methods: This study was an observational analytic involving medical records of infertile couples who were treated by IVF procedure in Dr.Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2009–2014. The variables that were used in this study were percentage of sperm motility, percentage of sperm morphology and fertilization rate.The collected data was analyzed using nonparametric Mann Whitney test and Spearman correlation test.Result: This study showed that there was a significant difference between the fertilization rate group and sperm motility (p=0,048) but there was no significant correlation between motility and the entire fertilization rate (p=0,319). This study also indicated that there was no significant difference between fertilization rate group and sperm morphology (p=0,232) and there was no significant correlation between sperm morphology and fertilization rate (p=0,720).Conclusions: Motility might has a role in determining the success rate of in vitro fertilization; meanwhile morphology does not have any role in determining the success rate of in vitro fertilization. [AMJ.2016;3(4):520–5] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n4.95
Environmental Factor Contributed to The Onset of Schizophrenia
Get PDFBackground: Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder that needs a long term treatment and social support. This condition may results in burden and disturbance in the family and society A number of studies have investigated some environmental factors that may potentially lead to schizophrenia. One of many suspected environmental factors is place of born or grew up. This study was conducted to investigate association between place of born or grew up and age of onset of schizophrenia.Methods: This analytical study using cross-sectional method was conducted by retrieving data from 72 medical records of hospitalized schizophrenic patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from October‒November 2013. The variables in this study were age of onset and place (urban or rural) where the patients born or grew-up.The collected data were analyzed using Chi-Square statistical test.Results: This study discovered that 75% of subjects were born or grew up in urban area, 68% of subjects had age of onset at 20‒40 years and there was no association between place of born or grew up and age of onset of schizophrenia (p-value was 0.108).Conclusions: More than half subjects were born and grew up in urban, who had age of onset of schizophrenia at 20‒40 years and there is no significant association between place of born or grew up and age of onset of schizophrenia. DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.108
Impact of Running Exercise Duration on Leg Muscle Strength among the people Joining Indorunners Bandung Community
Get PDFBackground: Indorunners Bandung is a community for runners that has a routine exercise schedule for running around the city of Bandung. Exercise, like running, if is conducted in an accurate duration may improve physical fitness. One of the aspects of physical fitness is leg muscles strength. Many people fail to fathom the importance of exercise duration, so, they fail to get the benefit. The aim of this study was to discover the impact of running exercise duration on leg muscles strength among the people joining Indorunners Bandung community.Methods: A comparative study was conducted to 41 people, 31 males and 10 females, of Indorunners Bandung community from September to November 2015. Each participant filled a questionnaire about his/her personal data, and then was grouped by his/her duration of exercise per week, which were 150 minutes/week, 150–299 minutes/week, and 300 minutes/week or more. The respondents were measured for their leg muscles strength. The data collected were analyzed using ANOVA test.Results: There was significant difference of lower extremities muscle strength both in men (p<0.001) and women (p=0.029). These results showed that there was a difference in leg muscles strength among the people joining Indorunners Bandung community with different exercise duration per week.Conclusions: There is a difference in leg muscles strength among the people joining Indorunners Bandung community with different exercise duration per week. [AMJ.2017;4(1):69–72]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.672