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Evaluating The Impact of Prolonged Egg Storage on Hatchability, Moisture Loss and Quality Parameters in Japanese Quails
No full textStoring hatching eggs is a common practice in the poultry industry, but data on the effects of storage under tropical ambient temperatures are limited. This study evaluated the impact of prolonged egg storage on the hatchability, moisture loss, incubation period, and embryonic mortality of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) eggs, alongside their effects on hatchling weight. The experiment was carried out at the Quail Rearing Facility and Hatchery Production Site at the Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sandakan. A total of 495 Japanese quail eggs were divided into 11 storage groups (0 to 10 consecutive days), with three replicates of 15 eggs in each experimental group. The eggs were stored at room temperature (28 ± 1 °C, 60-65% relative humidity) before incubation under controlled conditions at 37.5 °C and 60% relative humidity. The results indicated that hatchability significantly decreased with increasing storage period (p0.05). Prolonged storage also delayed the incubation period (p0.05). These findings demonstrate that storing Japanese quail eggs at tropical ambient temperatures for up to seven days resulted in a progressive decrease in the hatchability of the eggs with excessive moisture loss. Hence, for producers without access to refrigeration, storing eggs for no more than three days is recommended to maintain economically viable hatch rates
Cryopreservation of Bali Bull Semen in CEP Diluent with the Addition of Various Antioxidants
No full textCryopreservation of semen was a crucial technology in livestock breeding; however, it compromised sperm quality due to oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and structural damage. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding α-tocopherol and glutathione antioxidants in Caudal Epididymal Plasma (CEP) diluent on the quality of frozen Bali bull semen. Four groups of CEP semen diluents were prepared with different antioxidant supplementation: P1 (CEP), P2 (CEP + 2 mM α-tocopherol), P3 (CEP + 0.75 mM glutathione), and P4 (CEP + 2 mM α-tocopherol + 0.75 mM glutathione), while Tris Egg Yolk extender was used as a comparator (P5). Semen collected from two Bali bulls was evaluated before and after the freezing and thawing processes using parameters such as motility, viability, membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation (MDA), and DNA integrity. The results showed that the P2 group supplemented with 2 mM α-tocopherol had the highest post-thawed motility, viability, and membrane integrity compared to other groups (P<0.05). The addition of α-tocopherol and glutathione proved to reduce MDA concentrations and improve the quality of frozen semen. This study concluded that α-tocopherol and glutathione improved the quality of Bali bull semen after cryopreservation, with α-tocopherol showing more significant results
Development of In vitro Maturation and In vitro Growth Culture Media Using Goat Colostrum
No full textThis research aims to develop a more optimal in vitro maturation (IVM) oocyte and in vitro growth (IVG) follicle culture medium through the utilization of goat colostrum as an additive to the standard IVM and IVG culture medium. This research was conducted at the Bioscience Laboratory of Brawijaya University, Malang, using goat ovary samples obtained from the Gadang Slaughterhouse (RPH), Malang Regency. This research was carried out in two stages, namely IVG and IVM, with the data obtained subsequently analyzed using ANOVA followed by LSD for significance testing. IVG was performed on goat follicles with an initial size of 2-3 mm, followed by culture for 6 days using media treated with the addition of goat colostrum from P0 to P4, respectively, 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The IVG culture results obtained were observed in terms of follicle size increase, oocyte cell size, and cumulus cell expansion of the oocytes within the follicles. The results obtained were that IVG had no significant effect on follicle size growth (P>0.05), but showed a significant effect on cumulus cell expansion (P<0.05) with the highest value in P4=2.5 and the lowest in P1=1.545. Meanwhile, for oocyte cell size, it also showed a significant effect (P<0.05) with the largest size being P4=195.0 μm and the smallest being P0=168.7 μm. For the next stage, IVM was performed on oocytes for 24 hours with media receiving the same treatments, namely P0 to P4 with goat colostrum concentrations respectively 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%; the IVM culture results were observed in terms of oocyte cell size increase and cumulus cell expansion quality. The IVM oocyte results obtained showed a significant difference in oocyte size increase (P<0.05), with the largest growth in P1 at 34.3 μm and the smallest in P0 at 12.0 μm. Meanwhile, for cumulus cell expansion, a significant difference was also obtained (P<0.05) with the best average in P4=3.20 and the smallest in P0=1.66. Overall, goat colostrum has potential as an additive to culture media, particularly in improving cumulus cell expansion in IVG and IVM
Students’ Perception of Milk and Milk-Based Beverage Categories on Product Packaging and Its Impact on Dairy Consumption Behaviour and Purchase Decisions
No full textThis study aimed to examine university students’ understanding of milk and milk-containing beverage categories and its influence on dairy consumption patterns and purchasing decisions. A total of 100 university students in Surakarta were selected as respondents using a purposive sampling method. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test. The results showed that the most frequent milk consumption was 1–2 times per week (81%), with most consumption occurring in the morning (49%). The main factors influencing purchasing decisions were halal labelling (50%) and taste (25%). Most respondents demonstrated a moderate level of understanding of food category classification (62%). Chi-square analysis revealed no significant correlation between students’ understanding of milk and milk-containing beverage categories and their consumption patterns (p = 0.216), nor with food category–related purchasing factors (p = 0.749). These findings suggest that although students possess a relatively adequate understanding of food category classification, other factors, such as halal labelling and taste, play a more dominant role in purchasing decisions and do not necessarily translate into healthier milk consumption patterns
Design and optimisation of a turbofan blade filled with Multi-Poisson’s Ratio Soft–Hard integrated structures
No full textThis paper introduces a bioinspired design and optimisation methodology for wide-chord hollow turbofan blades filled with graded soft-hard architected materials to improve bird-strike survivability while retaining aerodynamic performance. A Multi-Poisson’s Ratio Soft-Hard (MPRSH) infill design concept was developed in which negative and positive lattices and soft matrix regions are distributed spanwise according to the equal-strength design philosophy. Numerical models were constructed in which the blade was discretised into shell and solid finite elements, bird impact was modelled using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), and metal damage was described using the Johnson-Cook model. Design optimisation was proceeded in two stages — parametric sampling and Kriging surrogate construction for lattice metamaterial proportioning, followed by surrogate-assisted evolutionary optimisation of regional wall thicknesses. Surrogate-assisted optimisation produced an initial lightweight design 35% lighter than a solid baseline. A refined final design that weighs 18% less than the baseline. Bird-strike simulations show that PA cores produce highly localised stress/plasticity in small-bird impacts, while rubber fillers limit local plasticity but may fail under large-bird loading. An improved hybrid further reduces displacement and maximum stress. Results indicate that Poisson-ratio mismatch enables adaptive deformation and reduced energy transfer, demonstrating promising applications of graded multi-material infills for future fan blades
Application de principes de l’apprentissage en ligne pour concevoir une formation sur l’évaluation en simulation clinique en approche par compétences
No full textContexte : L’évaluation des apprentissages en simulation clinique est difficile pour les formateurs qui doivent porter un jugement lors de l’observation de la performance des étudiants. Or, les formations en ligne sur l’évaluation en simulation sont peu adaptées aux besoins des formateurs et devraient être conçues en s’appuyant sur des principes de l’apprentissage en ligne. But : Décrire la démarche de conception et d’évaluation d’une formation en ligne asynchrone sur l’évaluation en simulation clinique en approche par compétences, en mettant en évidence l’application de principes de l’apprentissage en ligne. Méthode : Le modèle ADDIE, le modèle du jugement évaluatif et des principes de l’apprentissage en ligne ont guidé la conception de la formation. Une analyse des besoins d’apprentissage a été menée auprès de formateurs et d’experts en simulation. Ceux-ci et des experts en formation en ligne ont évalué la conception, le contenu et des aspects technopédagogiques de la formation. Résultats : Les formateurs ont estimé que la formation avait répondu à leurs besoins d’apprentissage et leur degré de satisfaction était élevé. L’accessibilité, la flexibilité et l’interactivité ont été les aspects technopédagogiques les plus appréciés. La facilité d’utilisation a été moins appréciée en raison de difficultés de navigation. Les experts ont proposé des moyens pour améliorer cet aspect et ont estimé que les principes de l’apprentissage en ligne avaient généralement été appliqués de manière adéquate. Conclusion : L’application adéquate des principes de l’apprentissage en ligne a eu un impact positif sur la satisfaction des formateurs
Bioassay on horseshoe crab embryo survivability in cultures contaminated by
No full textHorseshoe crab embryos are highly sensitive to temperature and microbial stress. In this bioassay, embryos were tested under ambient, constant temperature (32 °C), dark conditions and another set with Bacillus thuringiensis. Six developmental stages were recorded for ambient and constant temperature settings. Survivability (100%) was maximum only in ambient temperature, it declined for 32 °C to 76 % and it was 70.8 % together with darkness. Constant 32 °C accelerated hatching to 37 days in comparison to 40–12 days for ambient group. Exposure to B. thuringiensis arrested the embryogenesis in first embryonic moult stage and survivability was only 32.8%. There was abnormal coloration from degraded eggshell and these embryos were reduced in size and weight. Later, the advanced embryo had impaired limb buds. Infection rates were lowest at ambient temperature with darkness (20%) and highest under 32 °C with darkness (67.2%). Basically, thermal manipulation was stressful to horseshoe crab embryos because the hatching success rate and immunity was lowered. The presence of B. thuringiensis affirmed that stress increased vulnerability to pathogens. Understanding the presence of combined stressors is critical for biodiversity conservation and aquaculture management of C. rotundicauda
Morphometric diversity of Hawksbill Turtle (
No full textKepulauan Seribu National Park (TNKpS) is one of the marine nature conservation areas located in Pulau Seribu, DKI Jakarta Province. Kelapa Island and Harapan Island are centers for hawksbill turtle conservation, as several islands in the TNKpS are their landing and nesting areas. The study aimed to analyze the morphometric characteristics of hawksbill turtles based on their life stages. Morphometric measurements were carried out on 54 samples of hawksbill turtles of different ages with 13 parameters to differentiate cohorts, then a correlation analysis was conducted between carapace length and hawksbill turtle weight and nMDS analysis. Hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) in SPTN Region I Kelapa Island, and Region II Harapan Island showed a negative allometric growth pattern, with a correlation level of 0.001 for hatchlings (very low) to 0.938 for juveniles (very strong). The nMDS analysis showed similarities in characteristics from the early hatchling to early juvenile phases and there were 3 cohorts of hawksbill turtles conserved in SPTN Regions I and II TNKpS, based on carapace length
Mangrove land cover and coastline changes in Indramayu Regency in 1991 – 2021
No full textThe Indramayu Regency, located on the northern coast of West Java, has experienced mangrove loss and dynamic shoreline changes, largely due to the conversion of mangrove areas into aquaculture ponds. This study quantifies the changes in mangrove cover and shoreline position from 1991 to 2021 and assesses their relationship. Landsat imagery for 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2021 was classified in Google Earth Engine using a Random Forest algorithm, whereas shoreline change rates were derived in ArcGIS with the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). Total mangrove extent declined from 1,443.74 to 833.07 ha between 1991 and 2001 (−610.67 ha) with an average shoreline retreat of −15.98 m/year. From 2001 to 2011, mangroves increased slightly to 844.24 ha (+11.17 ha) as the shoreline advanced at 13.69 m/year, and from 2011 to 2021, mangrove cover expanded to 1,521.27 ha (+677.03 ha), while the mean shoreline change reverted to retreat at −1.49 m/year. Linearity tests and the low coefficient of determination (R² = 0.191) indicated that there was no significant linear relationship between mangrove change and shoreline dynamics, suggesting that effective erosion mitigation requires an integrated coastal management approach that combines mangrove rehabilitation, coastal protection, and sediment management