Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
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Institutional Sustainability Analysis of Community-Based Tourism (Case of Kasbi Community in North Halmahera )
No full textThis study aims to analyze the sustainability of the implementation of the concept of community-based tourism especially in the Tourism Community in North Halmahera Regency known as "Kasbi". The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. The results of this study indicate that contextually in North Halmahera Regency, participation and partnership are very essential in achieving sustainability in the implementation of the concept of community-based tourism. Thus, local tourism institutions need support from various stakeholders to achieve sustainable development goals
Class and Structural Inequality of fishing communities in Ambon City
Get PDFSocial class is a social phenomenon that often occurs in every social group including the fishing communities. The structural inequality of fishing communities is characterized by the imbalance in ownership of production equipment and income distribution among fishermen. This research was conducted in one of the Fishermen Village (Negeri) in Ambon City, called Negeri Latuhalat. Type of research used in this study is post-positivism paradigm using qualitative approach supported by quantitative research. The purpose of this research is to analyze the level of imbalance between Ambon City fishermen. The results showed the formation of fishermen social classes which consist of masnait fishermen, tanase fisherman laborer, small fishermen, middle fishermen and tenant fisherman (capitalist). The gini index of fishermen in the research location shows a figure of 0.74, meaning that it shows a high imbalance between fisherman classes. The ratio of kuznets or the average comparison between fishermen received by 33% of the top group of Rp. 8,404,567, - and 25% of the lowest group of Rp. 2.040.000, -. Measurements using the World Bank also show the same thing with the results of gini index measurements that illustrate the portrait of inequality income distribution in the study sites. This condition illustrates that there has been an imbalance between fishermen classes, as much as 75% are only able to receive 8.72% of total income while as much as 25% of tenant fishermen (capitalist) enjoy and control 91.73% of total income
Commnunity Perception of Katikuwai Village and Praing Kareha Village Toward Ecotourism Development in Matalawa National Park, NTT
Get PDFThe Laiwangi Wanggameti area is one of the areas in Matalawa National Park in East Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province which has the potential of natural resources that are feasible to be developed as an ecotourism area. The development of Matalawa National Park as an ecotourism area is an alternative to minimize the degradation of the area in the future. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of rural community dependence on the Laiwangi Wanggameti forest area, analyze the perception of rural communities on ecotourism development and analyze the type of work that the community wants in the natural tourism business. The entire data was obtained through surveys and questionnaires. Qualitative descriptive analysis was used to analyze the overall research objectives. The results showed that the level of dependence of the village community on the Laiwangi Wanggameti forest area was at a high level. The community also has a positive perception of ecotourism development where the community strongly agrees with the development of ecotourism. Meanwhile there are six types of work that people want in business in the field of natural tourism, namely as guides, souvenir service providers, food and drink providers, tourism cooperative managers, parking services and as security guards
Preserving Corn Based-Local Food Culture: Case Study in Pagerejo Village, District of Wonosobo, Central Java
Get PDFThe article describes efforts to preserve local food culture. Local people previously consumed various local food, but now they tend to consume rice and wheat as staple food. Food diversification policies and programs failed to encourage the people to reduce consumption of rice and wheat. As a consequence, availability of local food has reduced, and people tends to switch from consuming local food to rice and wheat-based food. In the context of domination of national (rice) and global (wheat) food culture, using Williams’s theory of culture, and based on case study method, the article delineates production, distribution and consumption of corn-based food in Pagerejo village, district of Wonosobo, province of Central Java. The local people of Pagerejo have preserved corn-based food culture as a residual culture. The corn-based food culture is a part of past food culture that has still lived and been practiced by the local people
Communication Network Structure in Building Environmentally Friendly Behavior (The Case of a Dense Community in Bogor City)
Get PDFEfforts to solve environmental pollution in densely populated communities in urban areas are not only the responsibility of the government. Communities as part of social system also have an important role to control the environmental impacts of pollution. One way that community members must do in reducing environmental damage is familiarize environmentally friendly behavior. This research focuses on the analysis of environmentally friendly behavior of Pulo Geulis community members in Bogor City. Pulo Geulis is a Delta in the middle of the Ciliwung River which more or less contributes to whether or not the Ciliwung River is polluted in Bogor City. The communication process is an important factor in changing individual behavior. This study aimed to analyze the structure of community communication networks in developing environmentally friendly behavior. Primary data was obtained through a survey of 100 respondents and in-depth interviews with several informants. Data were analyzed using sociometric methods. The results of sociometric analysis showed that the structure of the community communication network in building community-friendly behavior is a radial personal network. This structure illustrated that community information centers are located in certain individuals such as head of RW, head of RT, or Posyandu cadres. The radial personal network in this study also described the formation of clique, star, bridge, and isolates in the community communication network at Pulo Geulis
Pesantren’s Social Innovation in Driving Agriculture and Social Change in Village
Get PDFPesantren are educational institutions that have strong social ties in local communities and some of them implement entrepreneurial activities in the agricultural sector. Therefore Pesantren have a big capacity as an agricultural movers and produce social innovation with the rural community. In the process of social change in the village, pesantren have the capacity in producing agents of change that encourage social innovation in the agricultural sector. This study aims to analyze the capacity of pesantren as an agricultural movers and create a new agricultural innovators in the process of social change in the village. The results of this study indicate that in the process of social change in the village, pesantren can accelerate social change in the village through the activities of social innovation in agriculture. In addition, the process of education activity by pesantren is able to create an graduate who are also new innovators in the community. In conclusion, pesantren are able to become agricultural movers and creator rural agents of change
Larvul Ngabal and Ain ni Ain as a Unifying Pluralism in the Islands Kei Southeast Maluku
Get PDFABSTRACTIndonesia is a country that consists of various cultures, tribes, languages and religion. The plurality possessed is valued as the power to build the harmony of life among the citizens. There are many types of cultures that serve as the basis for living together by communities in each region, one of them is in Kei Islands, Southeast Maluku. People in Kei Islands, Southeast Maluku has local wisdom known as Larvul Ngabal and Ain ni Ain. These two local wisdoms become the unifying force of pluralism for the people in Kei islands that has been passed down from generation to generation. This study was conducted using qualitative method with descriptive data analysis. The purpose of this study was to find out the role of customary law of Larvul Ngabal and Ain ni Ain’s philosophy bringing together plurality in the Kei Islands, Southeast Maluku and its relevance to the peace building in Indonesia. The results showed that both local wisdom can unify plurality in Kei Islands, Southeast Maluku and has been used as a basis for living together.Keywords : Larvul Ngabal, Ain Ni Ain, Plurality, Kei Islands, Southeast MalukuABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan negara yang terdiri dari berbagai macam budaya, suku, bahasa dan agama. Kemajemukan yang dimiliki dihargai sebagai kekuatan untuk membangun kehidupan yang harmonis antar warga masyarakat. Terdapat banyak jenis budaya yang dijadikan sebagai dasar untuk hidup bersama oleh masyarakat di masing-masing daerah, salah satunya di Kepulauan Kei, Maluku Tenggara. Masyarakat di Kepulauan Kei, Maluku Tenggara memiliki kearifan lokal yang dikenal dengan nama Larvul Ngabal dan Ain ni Ain. Dua kearifan lokal ini menjadi kekuatan pemersatu kemajemukan bagi masyarakat di Kepulauan Kei yang telah terwariskan dari generasi ke generasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisa data deskriptif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan hukum adat Larvul Ngabal dan falsafah Ain ni Ain dalam mempersatukan kemajemukan di Kepulauan Kei, Maluku Tenggara dan relevansinya bagi pembangunan perdamaian di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua kearifan lokal tersebut dapat mempersatukan kemajemukan di Kepulauan Kei, Maluku Tenggara dan telah dijadikan sebagai dasar untuk hidup bersama.Kata kunci: Larvul Ngabal, Ain ni Ain, kemajemukan, Kepulauan Kei, Maluku Tenggar
Domination of Expert Agent in The Rural Development Programs
Get PDFABSTRACTThe study aims to examine the implementation of rural development programs. The study also shows an alternative model in how these programs could be conducted effectively. A case study approach were implemented to unveil the distribution of development programs organized by groups of farmers (Poktan) and the union of them (Gapoktan) in Sidoasri village, Sumbermanjing Wetan, Malang. The result of the study reveals that Gapoktan Committee as the expert agent dominated the mechanism and distribution of programs. In contrast, Gapoktan members only received passively the development programs and were not able to participate and initiate a change on these mechanism. In order to distribute the programs effectively, a participative model is highly required. There should be an ongoing assistance so the farmers could participate in decision making processes continualy, from identifying problems, finding the solution to the problems, and monitoring as well as evaluating these programs. This model would be effective to achieve empowerment objective of the rural development programsKeywords: Gapoktan, Participation, Rural Development Programs, farmers and PoktanABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengeksplorasi pengelolaan bantuan Kementrian Pertanian yang diberikan kepada petani. Kajian tersebut dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk menggagas model pendampingan yang efektif dalam mengelola bantuan pertanian. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus diimplementasikan untuk menelaah pengelolaan bantuan pertanian yang diorganisir kelompok tani (Poktan) dan gabungan kelompok tani (Gapoktan) di Desa Sidoasri Kecamatan Sumbermanjing Wetan Kabupaten Malang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan bantuan pertanian petani di Desa Sidoasri didominasi pengurus Gapoktan sebagai expert agent. Anggota Gapoktan hanya berperan sebagai pihak penerima bantuan saja dan tidak memiliki kemampuan atau kesempatan untuk menciptakan inisiatif untuk melakukan perubahan terhadap kebijakan pengelolaan bantuan yang diterapkan para pengurus. Kondisi ini menjadikan pengelolaan bantuan terpusat dan tidak tepat sasaran. Agar bantuan pertanian ini berjalan lebih efektif, maka model pengelolaan bantuan yang bersifat partisipatif menjadi penting dilakukan. Partisipasi anggota Gapoktan dalam model tersebut perlu ditopang pendampingan yang berkelanjutan supaya keterlibatan petani bersifat holistik dan konsisten. Pendampingan berkelanjutan diproyeksi mendorong anggota Gapoktan terlibat sejak tahap mengidentifikasi masalah, memunculkan alternatif pemecahan masalah, memutuskan solusi untuk mengatasi problematika hingga mengevaluasi solusi yang diimplementasikan. Pendampingan dengan model ini berpotensi meningkatkan partisipasi petani dalam penentuan kebijakan pengelolaan bantuan pertanian. Partisipasi inilah yang ditawarkan sebagai jalan keluar bagi perbaikan pengelolaan bantuan pertanian.Kata kunci: Gapoktan, partisipasi, pendampingan berkelanjutan, petani, dan Pokta
Political economy of Agrarian Conflict of Small Island: Case Study in Pari Island, Seribu Islands, Capital Province of Jakarta
Get PDFABSTRACTA small island of Pari currently experiencing agrarian conflicts over land involving locals and tourism corporations. This conflict has lasted for more than twenty years and there has been no solution to this dispute. This research chooses a case study approach to discover how the appropriation of the means of production by capital to Pari’s locals and analyze the critical point of capital penetration into the insular region. The data were taken using observation, interviews, archives, focused discussions, and mass-media as a qualitative analysis material by generalizing the empirical findings into the intermediate theoretical analysis. The results show that this process of dispossession involves the state apparatus essentially by manipulating the lack of local knowledge of the formal property system and the application of pseudo-legal system to strengthen the land acquisition process. The Marxian political economic perspective sees the relation between corporation and state in land dispossession in Pari is in order to create a pre-condition for the formation of a new space of capitalism. This new space is based on primitive accumulation by separating humans from their means of production and creating landless people as the foundation for the operation of capital accumulation by the tourism industry and potentially excluding fishers or local communities as actors in small island resource management.Keywords: accumulation by dispossesion, agrarian conflict, political economy, small islandABSTRAKPulau kecil Pari saat ini mengalami konflik agraria atas tanah yang melibatkan masyarakat lokal dan korporasi wisata. Konflik ini telah berlangsung selama lebih dari duapuluh tahun dan belum ada solusi atas sengketa ini. Penelitian ini memilih pendekatan studi kasus untuk menemukan cara kerja perampasan alat produksi oleh kapital terhadap wargan Pari dan menganalisis kegentingan dari penetrasi kapital ke wilayah insular. Data diambil memanfaatkan observasi, wawancara, arsip, diskusi terfokus, dan media massa sebagai bahan analisis secara kualitatif dengan menggeneralisasi temuan empirik dalam analisis teoritik level menengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses perampasan ini melibatkan aparat negara secara esensial dengan cara memanipulasi ketiadaan pengetahuan warga lokal terhadap sistem properti formal dan bekerjanya sistem pseudo-legal untuk menguatkan proses akuisisi tanah tersebut. Perspektif ekonomi politik Marxian dalam penelitian ini melihat bahwa relasi kapitalistik antara korporasi dan negara dalam perampasan tanah di Pari adalah dalam rangka menciptakan pra-kondisi bagi pembentukan ruang baru kapitalisme. Ruang baru ini berbasis akumulasi primitif dengan melucuti manusia dari alat produksi dan menciptakan manusia tanpa tanah sebagai fondasi bagi operasi akumulasi kapital oleh industri wisata dan berpotensi menyingkirkan nelayan atau masyarakat lokal sebagai aktor dalam pengelolaan sumber daya pulau kecil.Kata kunci: akumulasi dengan perampasan, ekonomi politik, konflik agraria, pulau keci
Commodity and Institution Integration; A Model of Rural Economic Empowerment
Get PDFABSTRACTIn post-conflict, Aceh government has implemented various activities to empowerment people’s economy in rural areas. Especially for ex-combatants of Free Aceh Movement and conflict-victims communities in East Aceh district, Aceh government has carried out some activities to empower their economic. It includes the provision of palm oil, cattle and goats assistance. This study aims to develop a model of community economic empowerment through the integration of commodities and institutions. This research used qualitative approach, which data were analyzed in three steeps; data reduction, data display and conclusion. The results showed that the model of cattle-oil palm integration has not supported by integration of government and private institutions, so that empowerment program has not effect to raise their economic optimally.Keywords: Integration, Empowerment, Cattle, Palm Oil and InstitutionABSTRAKPasca konflik, Pemerintah Aceh telah melaksanakan berbagai kegiatan untuk pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat diwilayah pedesaan. Khusunya untuk mantan Kombatan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka dan masyarakat korban konflik di Kabupaten Aceh Timur, kegiatan pemberdayaan ekonomi yang dilakukan adalah memberikan bantuan kelapa sawit, sapi dan kambing kepada mereka dengan melibatkan berbagai lembaga termasuk lembaga swasta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui integrasi antar komoditi dan sekaligus institusi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dianalisis dalam tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi dan penyajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model integrasi sawit-sapi yang dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat tidak di dukung oleh integrasi antar institusi. Akibatnya program pemberdayaan tidak memberi dampak terhadap peningkatan percepatan ekonomi masyarakat secara optimal.Kata Kunci: Pemberdayaan, Integrasi, Sapi, Sawit dan Lembag