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PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN RUMPUT GAJAH DWARF (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) YANG DIBERI PUPUK ORGANIK HASIL FERMENTASI EM4
Get PDFKetersediaan hijauan pakan yang tidak memadai baik kuantitas maupun kualitasnya menjadi salah satu kendala dalam pengembangan usaha peternakan khususnya ternak ruminansia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengamati dan mempelajari serta untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh pupuk organik hasil fermentasi EM4 terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan rumput Gajah dwarf (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado pada tanggal 14 Juli sampai 5 Oktober 2012 yang tahap pelaksanaannya dimulai dari pembuatan pupuk organik, penanaman bibit tanaman rumput gajah dwarf dan sampai dengan pengambilan data pengamatan. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan yang terdiri dari P0 (0%/10 kg tanah), P1 (10%/10 kg tanah), P2 (20%/10 kg tanah), P3 (30%/10 kg tanah). Variabel yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, lingkar batang, panjang daun, lebar daun dan jumlah anakan. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada minggu pertama setelah pemotongan seragam sampai pada minggu ke-6 (enam). Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap parameter yang diamati. Hasil uji BNJÂ menunjukkan P0 berbeda nyata dengan P2 dan P3 (P<0.05) akan tetapi P2 berbeda tidak nyata dengan P3 (P>0.05). Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan P2 (20%) per 10 Kg tanah atau setara dengan pemupukan sebanyak (20 ton per ha) pupuk organik hasil fermentasi EM4 memberikan hasil yang optimal terhadap semua para
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI DEDAK HALUS DENGAN TEPUNG KULIT BUAH KOPI DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN SERAT KASAR PADA TERNAK BABI FASE GROWER
Get PDFEFFECT OF SUBSTITUTION OF RICE BRAN WITH COFFEE HUSK MEAL IN THE DIET ON DRY MATTER AND CRUDE FIBER DIGESTIBILITY OF GROWING PIGS. An experiment was conducted todetermine the effects of substitution of rice bran with coffee husk meal in the diets on dty matter and crude fiber digestibility of growing pigs. The present study was conducted for 60 days, using 20 castrated male Duroc X Spotted Poland China, aged 2,5-3,0months with an averaged body weight of 30,1-40,0 kg. Treatment diets were formulated as follow: R0 = 25% rice bran + 0% coffee husk meal (without coffee husk meal); R1 = 18.75% rice bran + 6.25% coffee husk meal (substituion of 25%); R2 = 12.5% rice bran + 12.5% coffee husk meal (substituion of 50%); R3 = 6.25% rice bran + 18.75% coffee husk meal (substitution of 75%); and R4 = 0% rice bran + 100% coffee husk meal (substituion of 100%). Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications (blocks) was used as a statistical analysis (Anova). An Orthogonal Contrast test was further employed to analyze treatment differences. Different between treatment(s) was declared at P < 0.05. Parameters measured were dry matter and crude fiber digestibility. Research results showed that the crude fiber digestibility increased significantly (P < 0.05) as the level of substitution of rice bran with coffee husk meal increased in the diets. Whereas, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were found among treatments on dry matter digestibility. It can be concluded that replacement of rice bran with coffee husk meal up to 100% or 25% in growing pigs diets positively increased crude fiber digestibility and did not affect dry matter digestibility.Key words: Pigs, rice bran, coffe husk, dry matter and crude fiber digestibilit
PENGAYAAN NILAI NUTRITIF SEKAM PADI BERBASIS BIOTEKNOLOGI “EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS†(EM4) SEBAGAI BAHAN PAKAN ORGANIK.
Get PDFSuatu penelitian telah dilakukan untuk melihat sejauh mana pengayaan nilai nutritif sekam padi berbasis bioteknologi “Effective Microorganisms†(EM4). Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Teknologi Pengolahan dan Industri Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan UNSRAT, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis sampel di Laboratorium BARISTAND (Badan Riset dan Standarisasi Industri) Sulut. Lamanya penelitian dari bulan September sampai November 2011. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan pola Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, dengan perlakuan sebagai berikut, yaitu ; R0: Sekam Padi non Rekayasa (SPnR), R1 : Sekam Padi Rekayasa EM + 2500 ml air (SPRns), R2 : Sekam Padi Rekayasa EM + 2500 ml cuka saguer (SPRps). Variabel yang diukur yaitu nilai nutritif sekam padi meliputi protein, serat kasar, dan energi sekam padi non rekayasa dan rekayasa dengan EM4. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sekam padi yang direkayasa dengan EM4 mengalami peningkatan kadar protein dari 1,92% menjadi 2,67% atau terjadi kenaikan sebesar 39%, sedangkan rekayasa EM4 + cuka saguer kadar proteinnya menjadi 2,22% (terjadi kenaikan 15%). Untuk serat kasar terjadi penurunan dari 37,33% menjadi 13,02%, sedangkan rekayasa dengan EM4 + cuka saguer menjadi 13,24%. Kemudian untuk kadar energi terlihat bahwa sekam padi yang direkayasa dengan EM4 menghasilkan peningkatan kadar energi dari 302,33 KKal/Kg menjadi 375,62 KKal/Kg atau terjadi kenaikan sebesar 24%, sedangkan untuk sekam padi rekayasa EM4 + cuka saguer kadar proteinnya menjadi 373.08 KKal/Kg. Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukan bahwa sekam padi yang difermentasi dengan EM4 memberikan pengaruh berbeda sangat nyata (P < 0,01). Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan diambil kesimpulan bahwa bahwa rekayasa sekam padi dengan “EM4†terjadi pengayaan nilai nutritif sekam padi yang ditandai dengan turunnya kadar serat kasar dan meningkatnya kadar protein dan energi
DAMPAK PENGEMBANGAN PROGRAM EKOWISATA BERBASIS SATWA ENDEMIK DI TANGKOKO BITUNG
Get PDFTHE IMPACT OF ENDEMIC ECOTOURISM PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT BASED ONÂ TANGKOKO Â NATURE RESERVE OF BITUNG. Tangkoko National Reserve is one of the nature reserves located in Bitung regency of North Sulawesi. The reserve covers an area of 8,745 hectares. There is abundant biodiversity such as various types of protected flora and fauna can be found in the reserve. Among them there are endemic wildlifes such as Sulawesi Macaque (Macaca nigra), Tarsiers (Tarsius spectrum), the Sulawesi bear cuscus (Ailurops ursinus), and Hornbill (Rhyticeros cassidix). Here is where the tourists can enjoy the beauty of the reserve or seen firsthand the wealthy of nature in such a protected forest, where the forest has potential as anecotourism spot. Tourism industry has an important role in the development efforts and the development of the region where the tourism spot located.Even in some areas show that tourism industry is able to develop the region as well as create a main income source. The present study was conducted to elaborate the impacts of endemic ecotourism program development basedon the development of Tangkoko nature reserve of Bitung. The study was conducted from November 2016 to January 2017. The ellaboration of the study was focused on the impact of ecotourism developmentonthe existing endemic Sulawesi Black Monkeys and Tarsiers. Survey method was employed to collect and analyze various data and information on endemic fauna of Sulawesi Black Monkeys and Tarsiers. The primary data was obtained through direct interviews with various communities around nature reserve area, and secondary data was obtained from related government sources in Bitung regency.Variables observed were:1) vegetation, 2) the existing wildlife conditions, 3) community income, and 4) the income of the region of Bitung regency.Based on results and discussion, it can be concluded that ecotourism is the best program to be implemented as it could give positive impact towards conservation efforts,increase community's income, and regional income.Keywords: Tangkoko reserve, Ecotourism, Endemic Fauna
ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN USAHA BETERNAK PUYUH DI KECAMATAN SONDER KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Get PDFTernak burung puyuh memiliki keunggulan antara lain kandungan protein 13,1% dan lemak 11,1% lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ternak unggas (ayam ras dan itik).Kecamatan Sonder merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang sudah memelihara ternak burung puyuh di Kabupaten Minahaasa. Mencermati usaha ternak burung puyuh yang dilakukan oleh petani peternak di kecamatan Sonder bahwa, sumberdaya pakan yang masih menggunakan pakan jadi (pakan pabrik) dan belum memanfaatkan sumberdaya pakan lokal tentunya berpengaruh pada biaya pakan yang cukup besar. Dengan demikian petani peternak burung puyuh di Kecamatan Sonder masih tergantung pada pakan pabrik sehingga perlu dilakukan kajian melalui penelitian apakah usaha beternak burung puyuh yang dilakukan oleh petani peternak di kecamatan Sonder memberikan tingkat keuntungan atau sebaliknya. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka rumusan masalah penelitian ini ialah apakah usaha beternak burung puyuh memberikan keuntungan bagi petani peternak. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis besarnya keuntungan dan biaya produksi usaha ternak burung puyuh serta mengetahui pola pemasaran burung puyuh.Biaya produksi dari usaha ternak burung puyuh di Kecamatan Sonder terdiri biaya tetap dan biaya variabel. Biaya tetap dalam usaha ini adalah sebesar Rp.76.721.125/periode produksi dengan rata-rata responden mengeluarkan biaya tetap sejumlah Rp.6.393.427/periode produksi. Biaya tidak tetap dalam usaha ini mengeluarkan biaya sejumlah Rp. 1.876.017.850/periode produksi dengan rata-rata responden mengeluarkan biaya tidak tetap sejumlah Rp.168.936.844. Keuntungan yang didapatkan peternak pada usaha ternak burung puyuh di Kecamatan Sonder disepanjang satu periode produksi adalah sebesar Rp.611.849.525/periode produksi, dengan rata-rata peternak memperoleh keuntungan sebesar Rp. 50.987.460/periode produksi.Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa usaha ternak burung puyuh yang dijalankan bisa memberikan manfaat atau keuntungan seperti apa yang diharapka
POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN TOMPASO BARAT
Get PDFABSTRACTTHE POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF Â BEEF CATTLE INWESTSUB TOMPASO DISTRICT.The objectives of this study was to find out the 1) various supporting resources for the development of beef cattle in West Sub Tompaso district, 2) Annalizing by LQ (Location Quotient) to determine the chosen location for beefcattle industry development in West Tompaso District. To know of cattle breeding potential in West sub Tompaso district.The sources of the research data were from secondary data which was collected from the district office of West Tompaso board of Agricultural, Fisheries and Forestry Extension. Office analysis model used Location Quotation (LQ) analysis model of potential and capacity of the area for beef cattle industry development in West Tompaso District. Based on the results of the analysis show that LQ sub TompasoWest has LQ 2.08 which is the base area. According to the results of maximum potential development of animal unit (AU) based on land resources was about 2.269,03 AU, capacity of increasing cow population-based area was about 1.180,53 AU, real cattle population was about 1.088,5AU, maximum potential based family unit was about 6.012 AU, and capacity of cattle population growth was about 4.923,5 AU. These values show that West Tompaso District has potential in developing beef cattle industry.Keywords: Beef cattle, potential areaÂ
BIOKONVERSI KULIT PISANG RAJA (Musa paradisiaca) DENGAN Rhizopus oligosphorus TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KANDUNGAN ABU, SERAT KASAR DAN LEMAK KASAR
Get PDFBIOCONVERSION OF BANANA PEEL (Musa paradisiaca)WITH Rhizopus oligosphorusTO CHANGE IN ASH CONTENT,CRUDE FIBER AND COARSE FAT.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dose inoculum treatment and fermentation time on banana peel (Musa paradisiaca) to changes in ash content, crude fiber, and crude fat. This research was conducted by using banana peel waste (Musa paradisiaca) with Rhizopus oligosphorus as inoculum. The design used was RAL with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of P1 (dose of inoculum 0.2% and 48 hours fermentation time), P2 (dose of inoculum 0.4% and 48 hours fermentation time), P3 (dose of inoculum 0.6% and 48 hours fermentation time), P4 (dose of inoculum 0.2% and 96 hours fermentation time), P5 (dose of inoculum 0.4% and 96 hours fermentation time), P6 (dose of inoculum 0.6% and 96 hours fermentation time), P7 (dose of inoculum 0.2% and 144 hours fermentation time), P8 (dose of inoculum 0.4% and 144 hours fermentation time) and P9 (dose of inoculum 0.6% and 144 hours fermentation time). This research has been conducted since February 12 until March 3, 2017 at the Feed Technology Laboratory of the Faculty of Animal Husbandry of Sam Ratulangi University of Manado. The variables measured in this study are changes in ash content, crude fiber and crude fat. The result of variance analysis showed that the fermented banana peel with Rhizopus oligosporus gave significant different effect (P<0,05) to the change of ash content, crude fiber and crude fat. The treatment of inoculum dose 0.4% with fermentation time 96 hours has provided an increase in ash content37.36%, provided a decrease of crude fiber content 18.38% and provided decrease of crude fat content 17.33%.Based on the results and discussion it can be concluded that bioconversion of banana peel (Musa Paradisiaca) with Rhizopus oligosporus can increase ash content, Reduce the content of crude fiber and crude fat.Keywords: Banana peel, Bioconversion, Rhizopus oligosphorus
PEMANFAATAN MANURE HASIL DEGRADASI LARVA LALAT HITAM (Hermetia illucens L) SEBAGAI PENGGANTI TEPUNG IKAN TERHADAP PENAMPILAN AYAM BURAS FASE GROWER
Get PDFUTILIZATION MANURE DEGRADED USING BLACK FLY LARVAE (Hermetia illucens L) SUBSTITUTING FISH MEAL IN RATION ON LOCAL GROWING CHICKENThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of local growing chicken fed ration containing manure flour degraded (MFD) by Larva of black fly (Hermetia illucens L). This experiment was carried out using a complete Randomized Design (RAL), consisted of 4 treatments and five replications in each treatment as follows: R0 = Rations with 15% fish meal + 0% MFD, R1 = 10% fish meal + 5% MFD, R2 = 5%Â fish meal + 10% MFD, and R3 = 0% fish meal + 5% MFD. The variables measured were feed consumption, average daily gain and feed efficiency. Statistical analysis was done according to the procedure using analysis of variance. Results obtained in the research showed that treatments did not affected significantly feed consumption, average daily gain and feed efficiency of local grower chicken. Therefore, it can be concluded that MFD can be used as the candidate ingredient replacing fish meal in ration of the local grower chicken.Key words: Manure flour degraded, fish meal, black fly, kampong growing chicke
PENGARUH PENGUNAAN PERASAN JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia S.) TERHADAP MUTU ORGANOLEPTIK SATE DAGING KAMBING
Get PDFTHE EFFECT OF LIME ((Citrus aurantifolia S.) JUICE LEVELS ON THE ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITY OF GOAT MEAT SATAY. The aim of this research is to know the effect of lime juice levels on the organoleptic quality of goat meat satay. Material used on this research were the whole thigh of goat (silver side part, outside part, outside flat part, eye round part) and limes. Randomized completely design (RCD) was used on this research with five treatments as follow: R0=600 gram dice cut meat (without lime), R1=600 gram dice cut meat (marinated in 5 mL lime juice for 30 minutes, R2=600 gram dice cut meat (marinated in 10 mL lime juice for 30 minutes, R3=600 gram dice cut meat (marinated in 15 mL lime juice for 30 minutes, and R4=600 gram dice cut meat (marinated in 20 mL lime juice for 30 minutes, and there were 35 repetitions (panelists) each treatment. Measurements taken were color, odor, taste, and tenderness of the goat meat satay. It was found on this research that, there were significant effects of treatment (lime juice) (P<0,05) on color, odor, tenderness, and taste of goat meat satay. It was concluded on this research that the preference level (Organoleptic quality) of lime juice on goat meat satay was 20 mL.Keywords: Goat meat, lime, satay, organoleptic qualit