MEDIA TEKNOLOGI HASIL PERIKANAN
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Kandungan Total Fenol dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Buah Mangrove Sonneratia alba yang Dikeringkan dalam Kabinet Dryer
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to determine the total phenol content and antioxidant activity of Sonneratia alba mangrove fruit dried at 50°C in a cabinet dryer with different extraction times. The method used in this study was exploratory, the data were analyzed descriptively, the treatment used was the extraction time of 5, 10 and 15 minutes in boiling water, the test parameters used were the total phenol content using the Folin-Ciocalteau method and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). The results obtained were as follows: the highest total phenol value was found in the 10-minute extraction time treatment, namely 23.7851 mg GAE/g; the strongest antioxidant activity was found in the 10-minute extraction time, namely 5.25 ppm. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that the best treatment is the extraction time in boiling water for 10 minutes.
Keywords: Fruit, S. alba, boiling water extraction, total phenol, antioxidant activity
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kandungan total fenol dan aktivitas antioksidan buah mangrove Sonneratia alba yang dikeringkan pada suhu 50°C di dalam kabinet dryer dengan lama ekstraksi yang berbeda. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat eksploratif, data dianalisis secara deskriptif, perlakuan yang digunakan adalah lama ekstraksi 5, 10 dan 15 menit dalam air mendidih, parameter uji yang digunakan adalah kandungan total fenol menggunakan metode Folin-Ciocalteau dan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah sebagai berikut: nilai total fenol tertinggi ditemukan pada perlakukan lama ekstraksi 10 menit yaitu 23,7851 mg GAE/g; aktivitas antioksidan terkuat ditemukan pada lama ekstraksi 10 menit yaitu 5,25 ppm. Dari data yang diperoleh dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan yang terbaik adalah lama ekstraksi dalam air mendidih selama 10 menit.
Kata kunci: Buah S. alba, ekstrak air mendidih, total fenol aktivitas antioksidan
PENGARUH KARAGENAN PADA SIFAT MEKANIK DAN GUGUS FUNGSI FORMULASI EDIBLE FILM PATI JAGUNG: Effect of Carrageenan on Mechanical Properties and Functional Groups of Corn Starch Edible Film Formulation
Full text linkEdible film is packaging that can replace plastic and is a thin layer to cover food. Edible Film making ingredients such as hydrocolloids, lipids, or other mixtures include carrageenan which is extracted from seaweed. The quality of edible film is influenced by the base material used. Different carrageenan compositions have the potential to influence the mechanical properties and functional groups of edible films. This research aims to determine the effect of different concentrations of carrageenan in Edible Film on the mechanical properties and identification of functional groups. The concentration of carrageenan used is 2; 2.5; and 3 grams. Testing of mechanical properties includes tensile strength, elongation at break, thickness, solubility and functional groups using FTIR. The results showed strong tensile strength, elongation at break and solubility with the best treatment at a carrageenan concentration of 3 g. Tensile strength and elongation at break were obtained from the 3 g carrageenan treatment of 5.16 MPa and 11.11%. The best thickness and solubility values were obtained from the 3 g carrageenan treatment of 0.21 mm and 38.44%. The selected carrageenan was the 3 g carrageenan concentration treatment because it produced the best mechanical properties. Identification of functional groups in the 3 g Edible Film treatment showed the presence of O-H, C-H and C-O groups owned by the mixture of the two carrageenan and corn starch materials.
Kata kunci: carrageenan, FTIR, hydrocolloid, solubility, plastic
Edible film adalah kemasan yang dapat menggantikan plastik dan merupakan lapisan tipis sebagai penutup makanan. Bahan pembuatan edible film seperti hidrokoloid, lipid, atau campuran lain termasuk karagenan yang diekstrak dari rumput laut. Kualitas edible film dipengaruhi oleh bahan dasar yang digunakan. Komposisi karagenan yang berbeda berpotensi berpengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik dan gugus fungsi edible film. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi karagenan yang berbeda pada edible film terhadap karakteristik sifat mekanis serta identifikasi gugus fungsinya. Konsentrasi karagenan yang digunakan, yaitu 2; 2,5; dan 3 g. Pengujian sifat mekanis meliputi kekuatan tarik, perpanjangan putus, ketebalan, kelarutan serta gugus fungsi dengan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai kuat tarik, pemanjangan putus dan kelarutan dengan perlakuan terbaik pada konsentrasi karagenan 3 g. Kuat tarik dan pemanjangan putus diperoleh dari perlakuan karagenan 3 g sebesar 5,16 MPa dan 11,11%. Nilai ketebalan dan kelarutan terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan 3 g karagenan sebesar 0,21 mm dan 38,44%. Karagenan terpilih adalah perlakuan konsentrasi 3 g karagenan karena menghasilkan sifat mekanik terbaik. Identifikasi gugus fungsional pada edible film perlakuan 3 g menunjukkan adanya gugus O-H, C-H dan C-O yang dipunyai oleh campuran kedua bahan karagenan dan pati jagung.
Kata kunci: FTIR, hidrokoloid, karagenan, kelarutan, plasti
CEMARAN LOGAM BERAT (Cd, Pb, Hg, Sn), KAPANG DAN BAKTERI (Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli) PADA STIK IKAN LAYANG : Heavy Metal (Cd, Pb, Hg, Sn), Fungal and Bacterial Contaminants (Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli) In Fish Sticks
Full text linkLayang fish (Decapterus sp), which contains high nutritional value, is very good for preventing stunting. Fish sticks are a snack that many people like. Testing for metal and biological contamination is very important to ensure the safety and quality of sticks. Food contaminated with heavy metals or bacteria can cause poisoning and disease. The aim of this research is to determine heavy metal contamination (Cd, Pb, Hg, Sn) and bacteria (Mould, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli) in Layang fish sticks. The ingredients used are Layang fish meat, tapioca flour, wheat flour, eggs, garlic and salt. Testing for metal contamination of Layang fish sticks using the ICP-MS method. Making sticks with the addition of fish is a food processing innovation with the aim of increasing nutritional value. The formulation used in this research was flying fish meat at 0% (D1), 10% (D2), 20% (D3), 30% (D4), and 40% (D5) of the amount of tapioca flour used three times. test. The research results showed that the heavy metals mercury, tin and cadmium were not found, but the heavy metal lead was found with values of 0.09 to 0.14. This value does not exceed the threshold of SNI 0.2 - 2 mg/kg and BPOM 2022, namely 0.3 mg/kg. Likewise, in microbiological tests, Layang fish sticks are safe from mold, Salmonella bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Kata kunci: heavy metal, bacteria, laying fish, fish stick
Ikan layang (Decapterus sp) yang mengandung nilai gizi tinggi, sangat baik untuk mencegah stunting. Stik ikan merupakan cemilan yang banyak disukai. Pengujian cemaran logam dan biologi sangat penting untuk menjamin keamanan dan mutu stik. Makanan yang tercemar logam berat atau bakteri dapat menyebabkan keracunan dan penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui cemaran logam berat (Cd, Pb, Hg, Sn) dan bakteri (Kapang, Salmonella,Staphylococcus aureus, dan Escherichia coli) pada stik ikan layang. Bahan yang digunakan adalah daging ikan layang, tepung tapioka, tepung terigu, telur, bawang putih, dan garam. Pengujian cemaran logam stik ikan layang menggunakan metode ICP-MS. Pembuatan stik dengan penambahan ikan merupakan inovasi pengolahan pangan dengan tujuan meningkatkan nilai gizi. Formulasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu daging ikan layang sebesar 0% (D1), 10% (D2), 20% (D3), 30% (D4), dan 40% (D5) dari jumlah tepung tapioka yang digunakan dengan tiga kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ditemukan logam berat merkuri, timah, dan kadmium, namun ditemukan logam berat timbal dengan nilai 0.09 sampai 0.14. Nilai ini tidak melebihi ambang batas dari SNI 0.2 - 2 mg/kg dan BPOM tahun 2022 yaitu 0,3 mg/kg. Demikian pula dalam uji mikrobiologi, stik ikan layang aman dari Kapang, bakteri Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Escherichia coli.
Kata kunci: logam berat, bakteri, ikan laying, stik ika
Manajemen Mutu dan Keamanan Pangan Tuna Loin Beku di PT. Aneka Sumber Tata Bahari , Tulehu, Maluku Tengah: Quality Management and Food Safety of Frozen Tuna Loin at PT Aneka Sumber Tata Bahari, Tulehu, Central Maluku
Full text linkQuality assurance and consumer safety protection are the main things in every processing industry. As a product with potential economic value and can even become an export commodity, frozen tuna loin should be handled carefully from catching to consuming. This research aims to analyze the process of handling tuna loin and the level of implementation of the basic feasibility of GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) and SSOP (Standard Sanitation Operating Procedures) at PT ASTB. Based on observations, it is known that the processing of frozen tuna loin consists of 19 stages starting from Receiving Raw Materials, Weighing I, Washing I, Skinning, Trimming I, Weighing II, Washing II, Clear Smoke, Cooling, Ozone Gas Spraying, Trimming II, Weighing III, Vacuum, ABF Freezing, Metal Detector, Packaging and Labeling, Final Weighing, Frozen Storage, and Loading. Implementing the basic feasibility of GMP and SSOP has generally been carried out following the provisions; however, the company's location still needs to comply with the requirements because it is still close to residential areas and does not have separate entrance and exit access.
Keywords: Frozen Tuna Loin, Quality, Export, GMP, SSO
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG IKAN KEMBUNG (Rastrelliger kanagurta) PADA TEPUNG LABU KUNING (Cucurbita moschata) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KUE SEMPRIT: The Impact of Substituting Indian Mackerel Fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta) Flour Fish with for Yellow Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Flour on the Characteristics of Semprit Cake
Full text linkSemprit cookies are a type of dry cookies that are part of the bagged cookies type that are made using a syringe and are one of the snacks that are liked by people from children to adults. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of semprit cookies resulting from the substitution of mackerel flour (Rastrelliger kanagura) with pumpkin flour (Cucurbita moschata). The treatments used in the study were F0 (0 gr mackerel flour: 30 gr pumpkin flour), F1 (10 g mackerel flour: 20 g pumpkin flour), F2 (15 g mackerel flour: 15 g pumpkin flour), F3 (20 g mackerel flour: 10 g pumpkin flour). The parameters tested included water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content by difference, fiber content and hedonic test. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was analyzed by ANOVA and further tested by Duncan. The results of the hedonic test were analyzed using Kruskal-wallis with K-Independent and further tested by Duncan. The results showed that semprit cake from the substitution of mackerel fish flour (Rastrelliger kanagurta) with pumpkin flour (Cucurbita moschata) had a significant effect (p<0.05) on all proximate parameters of semprit cake and organoleptic attributes of semprit cake, except texture. The addition of mackerel fish flour to the formula can increase protein content up to 12.09%, and fat content reaches 21.69%, but reduces carbohydrate content to 63.73%, water content 0.27%, ash content 1.58%, and fiber content 4.56%.
Kata kunci: Cucurbita, Indian mackerel flour, pumpkin flour, Rastrelliger, spritz cookies.
Kue semprit merupakan jenis kue kering yang termasuk bagian dari jenis bagged cookies yang dibuat menggunakan alat spuit dan menjadi salah satu cemilan yang disukai kalangan mulai dari anak-anak hingga orang dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik kue semprit hasil substitusi tepung ikan kembung (Rastrelliger kanagura) pada tepung labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata). Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu F0 (tepung ikan kembung 0 g: tepung labu kuning 30g), F1 (tepung ikan kembung 10 g : tepung labu kuning 20 g), F2 (tepung ikan kembung 15 g : tepung labu kuning 15 g), F3 (tepung ikan kembung 20 g : tepung labu kuning 10 g). Parameter yang diuji meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar karbohidrat by difference, kadar serat dan uji hedonik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan diuji lanjut Duncan. Hasil uji hedonik dianalisis menggunakan Kruskal-wallis dengan K-Independent dan diuji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kue semprit hasil substitusi tepung ikan kembung (Rastrelliger kanagurta) pada tepung labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata) memberikan pengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap semua parameter proksimat kue semprit dan atribut organoleptik kue semprit, kecuali tekstur. Penambahan tepung ikan kembung pada formula dapat meningkatkan kadar protein hingga 12.09%, dan kadar lemak mencapai 21,69%, namun menurunkan kadar karbohidrat menjadi 63,73%, kadar air 0,27%, kadar abu 1,58%, dan kadar serat 4,56%.
Kata kunci: Cucurbita, tepung ikan kembung, tepung labu kuning, Rastrelliger, kue sempri
Sensory and chemical characteristics and shelf life prediction of soybean tempeh with the addition of catfish (Clarias sp) bone meal : Mutu sensori dan kimia, serta penentuan umur simpan tempe kedelai dengan penambahan tepung tulang ikan lele (Clarias sp)
No full textCatfish (Clarias sp.) is a type of freshwater fish that has been widely farmed for generations. Usually it is consumed as a whole fish or its meat that processed as nuggets, shredded fish, or other products. The processing of these products produces a by-product in the form of catfish bones which can be used to make fish bone meal. Fish bones have important mineral sources including sodium, phosphorus and calcium. Calcium ion (Ca2+) is important for the development of human bones and teeth, especially in infants. So as to maximize the utilization of fish resources and reduce waste from the fishing industry, the purpose of this study was to determine the sensory and chemical quality of tempeh with the addition of catfish bone meal and to predict the shelf life of tempeh. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method. The results of the sensory test with the hedonic test showed that the most preferred tempeh by the panelists was the addition of 2% (F3) bone meal with an appearance value of 7.2, smell/aromatic 6.9, and texture 6.9. Tempe added with 2% fish bone meal had a water content and protein content that complied with the SNI requirements, namely 58.58% and 20.65%, but the water content did not meet the SNI requirements, namely 4.01% and calcium content 142,73 mg/100 gram. Based on the results of the shelf life prediction, tempeh with the addition of fish bone meal was still suitable for consumption at 2 days of incubation because after two days there was an unwanted change in appearance, smell/aroma and texture
TOTAL ANALYSIS OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA OF KEMBUNG FISH (Rastrelliger neglectus) WITH THE ADDITION OF PAPAYA FRUIT SARI (Carica papaya L.)
No full textFish sauce is a food product that is processed through a fermentation process made from fish and fish waste which has a distinctive taste and smell and has a long shelf life. The purpose of this study was to obtain a new formula for fish sauce and product quality. The treatment in this study was to add papaya juice with different concentrations, namely 0% as a control, 5%, 10% and 15% of the weight of the fish to be used and the salt concentration to be used was 15% of the weight of the fish. The fermentation time used was 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days. The parameters to be tested were the organoleptic test, pH test, and total test for Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). Based on the results of the organoleptic test which includes appearance, texture, and aroma, fish sauce samples that have a concentration of 15% and fermentation time of 21 days are the most preferred and meet SNI standards. Based on the results of the pH test, all fish sauce products with the addition of papaya extract got an average pH value of 6.9-6.1, indicating that the pH has decreased so that it meets the SNI standard. Based on the results of the LAB test, the highest total Lactic Acid Bacteria produced in A4C3 samples were samples with 15% papaya juice concentration with a total LAB 1.19x10³ CFU / ml.Keywords:  Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), Fish Soy Sauce, Papaya Juic
Penerapan SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedure) pada Proses Pembuatan Amplang di BDS Snack, Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur
Full text linkSSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedure) is an important step that plays a role in maintaining the quality of a food product and meeting food safety guarantees according to standards. There are 8 key aspects of SSOP that must be met by a food business entity to produce good quality and product quality. The purpose of this field is to obtain information related to the application of SSOP in the production of amplang at BDS Snack located in Jl. Rekreasi lama RT.13 Manggar, Bangsal pengolahan perikanan dan hasil Laut Balikpapan. The working method used in this field review is a qualitative descriptive method with primary data collection obtained through observation, interviews, active participation and documentation. Amplang production process includes the preparation of raw materials, weighing, milling, mixing materials, printing, frying, draining, sorting, packaging and distribution. The results of the field review show that the implementation of 8 key aspects of SSOP in BDS Snack has been implemented well.
Keywords: Amplang, Application of SSOP, Fisheries product.
SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedure) merupakan langkah penting yang memegang peran dalam menjaga kualitas suatu produk makanan serta memenuhi jaminan keamanan pangan sesuai standar. Terdapat 8 aspek kunci SSOP yang harus dipenuhi oleh suatu badan usaha makanan untuk menghasilkan kualitas dan mutu produk yang baik. Tujuan dari tinjauan lapangan ini yaitu untuk memperoleh informasi terkait penerapan SSOP pada produksi amplang pada UMKM BDS Snack yang berlokasi di Jl. Rekreasi lama RT.13 Manggar, Bangsal pengolahan perikanan dan hasil Laut Balikpapan. Metode kerja yang digunakan dalam tinjauan lapangan ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengambilan data primer yang diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, partisipasi aktif dan dokumentasi. Proses produksi amplang meliputi proses persiapan bahan baku, penimbangan, penggilingan, pencampuran bahan, pencetakan, penggorengan, penirisan, penyortiran, pengemasan dan distribusi. Hasil tinjauan lapangan diketahui bahwa penerapan 8 aspek kunci SSOP di BDS Snack sudah terlaksana dengan baik.
Kata kunci: Amplang, Penerapan SSOP, Produk Perikanan
Eksperimen Pembuatan Ice Gel Skala Rumah Tangga Sebagai Media Pendingin Cool Box Untuk Ikan Hasil Tangkap atau Pasca Panen
Full text linkThe majority of fishermen in the coastal areas of Karawang are traditional fishermen with small boats. The condition of a small boat certainly does not allow for cool storage in the ship's hatch, so that bulk ice cubes are a way out for fishermen to maintain the quality of the fresh quality of the fish they catch so that the selling price does not fall. This research was conducted in the coastal area of Karawang from July-December 2022. The study was conducted by trials of making ice gel with the addition of alcohol and salt. The manufacture of ice gel is carried out on a household scale with ingredients that are easy to obtain and affordable. The results of making ice gel are tested for durability with the following results: Ice gel with added salt has a fast freezing time when compared to ice gel with additional alcohol, ice gel with added salt can maintain cold (freezing) temperatures better than ice gel with additional alcohol. The test results of fish samples stored using ice gel with the addition of salt have less ALT value than ice gel with the addition of alcohol, meaning that bacteria do not develop much in fish stored with salt ice gel so that the quality of fish freshness is maintained properly
METABOLIT SEKUNDER EKSTRAK AIR MENDIDIH TEPUNG BUAH MANGROVE Sonneratia alba
Full text linkMangrove Sonneratia alba merupakan jenis mangrove yang banyak terdapat di pesisir Wori Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Ekstrak pelarut organik seperti metanol, etilasetat dan heksana dari buah S. alba yang diambil di lokasi ini sudah diteliti memiliki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder antara lain, alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, tanin, saponin, steroid, dan terpenoid. data tentang metabolit sekunder dari ekstrak air mendidih dari buah mangrove ini masih sangat kurang dilaporkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data kandungan metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak air mendidih dengan lama ekstraksi yang berbeda dari mangrove S.alba yang dikeringkan pada suhu 500 C didalam kabinet dryer. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat eksploratif, data dianalisis secara kualitatif berdasarkan ada atau tidaknya komponen metabolit sekunder didalam sampel, perlakuan yang digunakan adalah lama ekstraksi 5, 10 dan 15 menit dalam air mendidih.Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah sebagai berikut: ekstrak air mendidih selama 5,10, dan 15 menit baik untuk cara pengeringan cabinet dryer mengandung semua komponen metabolit sekunder yang diuji yaitu fenolik, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, flavonoid dan alkaloid, sedangkan tidak mengandung steroid dan triterpenoid