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Associations of sedentary behaviours and incidence of unhealthy diet during the COVID-19 quarantine in Brazil
No full textOur aim was to analyse the association of change patterns on TV-viewing and computer/tablet use and incidence of elevated consumption of ultra-processed food consumption and lower consumption of fruits and vegetables during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data of 39 208 Brazilian adults from a Behaviour Web Survey were used. Unhealthy nutrition habits were eating fruits or vegetables for <5 d/week and ultra-processed food (sugary foods, snacks, ready-to-eat frozen foods and embedded foods) for ≥5 d/week. For incidence indicators, we only considered participants without unhealthy behaviour before the quarantine. We created four categories of change in TV-viewing and computer/tablet use, considering a cut-off point of 4 h/d for each behaviour (1 – consistently low, 2 – become low during the quarantine, 3 – become high during the quarantine or 4 – consistently high). Analyses were adjusted for sex, age group, highest academic achievement, per capita income, working status during the quarantine, skin colour and adherence to the quarantine.Logistic regression models revealed that high TV-viewing and computer/tablet use incidence were associated with higher odds for elevated frequency of ultra-processed food consumption (TV-viewing: OR 1·70; 95 % CI 1·37, 2·12; computer/tablet: OR 1·73; 95 % CI 1·31, 2·27) and low consumption of fruit and vegetables (TV-viewing: OR 1·70; 95 % CI 1·29, 2·23; computer/tablet: OR 1·53; 95 % CI 1·08, 2·17) incidence. Consistent high computer/tablet use also presented higher odds for incidence of elevated frequency of ultra-processed food consumption.Participants with incidence of sedentary behaviours were also more likely to present incidence of unhealthy diet during the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine243422426FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP2019/24124-7; 308250/2017-6; 303241/2019-
The memory and testemony in "Maus: A survivor's tale"
No full textOrientador: Greciely Cristina da CostaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da LinguagemResumo: Entre os principais produtos culturais sobre o Holocausto está "Maus: a história de um sobrevivente", história em quadrinhos escrita e desenhada por Art Spiegelman, artista/escritor nascido na Suécia e radicado nos Estados Unidos. No livro, o autor conta a história de seu pai, sobrevivente do Holocausto, enquanto lida com o peso de ser um descendente da geração que sofreu com o terror da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Além do relato em si, chama a atenção o meio utilizado: os quadrinhos, que mais do que um gênero literário ou uma forma de expressão artística, se constituem como uma linguagem própria. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho busca compreender os efeitos de sentido produzidos pela obra de Spiegelman, indagando o processo de construção de um testemunho, ou aquilo que pode advir como efeito-testemunho, e ainda como determinadas memórias acerca desse período histórico são atualizadas. Para tal, far-se-á uso do dispositivo teórico e analítico da análise de discurso de linha francesa (AD), a partir das noções de memória discursiva, formação imaginária, esquecimento, entre outras. Como conclusão, ressalta-se o caráter sempre incompleto do testemunho, que tem no indizível um espaço fundamental de significação e que deixa vestígios ao longo das páginas de obra. Além disso, em Maus temos um processo de significação que por meio da metáfora e da ironia reconstitui os sentidos gerados a partir da antropomorfização dos personagensAbstract: One of the most important cultural productions about Holocaust is "Maus: A Survivor's Tale", a comic book written and drawn by Art Spiegelman, a Swedish-born artist / writer based in the United States. In the graphic novel, the author tells the story of his father, a Holocaust survivor, while dealing with the fact that he is a descendant of the generation that suffered with the terror of World War II. The media Spiegelman has chosen, comics, is more than just a literary genre or a form of artistic expression. Graphic novels constitute their own language, with characteristics that lead to specific ways of reading. Thus, this work aimed to understand the meanings produced by Spiegelman's work. In order to do so, it was used the French discourse analysis and its concept of memory, imaginary formation, forgetfulness and others. As one of its conclusions, this work reinforces that there is an inherent and incomplete/partial nature/aspect of the testimony, which can be attributed to the "indizível" (in english, "unspeakable"). Additionally, it emphasizes the existence of a significance process in Maus that is mainly constituted by a metaphorical and ironical language and is able to reconstruct the many meanings that arise from the anthropomorphization of its charactersMestradoDivulgação Científica e CulturalMestre em Divulgação Científica e Cultural88882.434863/2019-01CAPE
Determination of tadalafil in pharmaceutical samples by vertically oriented multi-walled carbon nanotube electrochemical sensing device
No full textIn this work, an electrochemical sensor based on vertically oriented carbon nanotubes (voMWCNT), electrically wired via connection upon a copper plate, for the detection of tadalafil (TD) is reported. The voMWCNT is easily prepared via microwave plasma reactor with no additional post-treatment. The voMWCNT was characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in addition to electrochemical characterization with cyclic voltammetry. Once TD is of easy access and used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction and related diseases, the quality control of this drug is of high importance. Using linear sweep voltammetry, the detection of TD was found to be possible from 0.85 to 8.9 μmol L−1, with an R2 of 0.992 with a limit of detection found to correspond to 78 nmol L−1. The quantification of TD in different pharmaceutical drugs, as well as the device stability, indicates that the voMWCNT has potential for the routine sensing of TD877CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP303338/20199não tem2016/12697-4; 2017/21097-
A Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis on the clinical utility of sperm DNA fragmentation testing in specific male infertility scenarios
No full textSperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is recognized as a leading cause of male infertility because it can impair the paternal genome through distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Current evidence supports SDF as a major factor in the pathophysiology of several conditions, including varicocele, unexplained infertility, assisted reproductive technology failure, and environmental lifestyle factors, although the mechanisms involved have not been fully described yet. Measurement of the levels of DNA fragmentation in semen provides valuable information on the integrity of paternal chromatin and may guide therapeutic strategies. A recently published clinical practice guideline (CPG) highlighted how to use the information provided by SDF testing in daily practice, which triggered a series of commentaries by leading infertility experts. These commentaries contained an abundance of information and conflicting views about the clinical utility of SDF testing, which underline the complex nature of SDF. A search of papers published in response to the CPG entitled "Clinical utility of sperm DNA fragmentation testing: practice recommendations based on clinical scenarios" was performed within the Translational Andrology and Urology (TAU) website (http://tau.amegroups.com/). The start and end dates for the search were May 2017 and August 2017, respectively. Each commentary meeting our inclusion criteria was rated as "supportive without reservation", "supportive with reservation", "not supportive" or "neutral". We recorded whether articles discussed either SDF characteristics as a laboratory test method or clinical scenarios, or both. Subsequently, we extracted the particulars from each commentary and utilized the 'Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats' (SWOT) analysis to understand the perceived advantages and drawbacks of SDF as a specialized sperm function method in clinical practice. Fifty-eight fertility experts from six continents and twenty-two countries contributed commentaries. Overall, participants (87.9%; n=51) were supportive of the recommendations provided by the CPG on the utility of SDF testing based on clinical scenarios. The majority of participants made explicit remarks about both the clinical scenarios and SDF assays' characteristics. Among 'not supportive' and 'supportive with reservation' participants, 75% (n=30/40) and 77.5% (n=31/40) expressed concerns related to technical limitations of SDF testing methods and clinical utility of the test in one or more clinical scenarios discussed in the CPG, respectively. The SWOT analysis revealed that the CPG provides a reasonable evidence-based proposal for integration of SDF testing in the routine daily practice. It also uncovered gaps of knowledge and threats limiting the widespread application of SDF in everyday practice, thus allowing the identification of opportunities to further refine SDF testing and its clinical utility. The understanding of the role of SDF in male infertility requires an in-depth analysis of the multifactorial pathophysiological processes and the theories involved. The SWOT analysis allowed an objective evaluation of CPG on the clinical utility of SDF testing based on clinical scenarios and its accompanying commentaries written by global experts in all possible angles. Implementation of SDF testing in the clinic may not only increase the outcome of ART but more importantly improve the health of both fathers to be and resulting offspring64S734S76
Development of 2-(4-pyridyl)-benzimidazoles as PKN2 chemical tools to probe cancer
No full textKinases are signalling proteins which have proven to be successful targets for the treatment of a variety of diseases, predominantly in cancers. However, only a small proportion of kinases (<20%) have been investigated for their therapeutic viability, likely due to the lack of available chemical tools across the kinome. In this work we describe initial efforts in the development of a selective chemical tool for protein kinase N2 (PKN2), a relatively unexplored kinase of interest in several types of cancer. The most successful compound, 5, has a measured IC50 of 0.064 μM against PKN2, with ca. 17-fold selectivity over close homologue, PKN1308CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP465651/2014-388887.136437/2017-002013/50724-5; 2014/50897-0This work was supported by a Continuing Excellence Fund from the Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex. Thanks also to additional funding from the Wellcome Trust for initial assay experiments. This work was also supported by the Brazilian agencies FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) (2013/50724-5 and 2014/50897-0) and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) (465651/2014-3). The SGC is a registered charity (number 1097737) that receives funds from AbbVie, Bayer Pharma AG, Boehringer Ingelheim, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Eshelman Institute for Innovation, Genome Canada, Innovative Medicines Initiative (EU/EFPIA) [ULTRA-DD grant no. 115766], Janssen, Merck KGaA Darmstadt Germany, MSD, Novartis Pharma AG, Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, Pfizer, Takeda, and Wellcome [106169/ZZ14/Z]. We thank the staff of the Life Sciences Core Facility (LaCTAD) from State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), for the proteomics analysis. AMF received a CAPES fellowship (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior- 88887.136437/2017-00
Development of a virtual reality environment for rehabilitation of tetraplegics
No full textTreatments based on Virtual Reality have been successfully used in motor rehabilitation of issues such as Spinal Cord Injury and Stroke. Highly immersive Virtual environments combined with biofeedback can be utilized to train functional activities on patients with these motor disabilities. This work details the development of a portable Virtual Reality environment to train upper limbs activities on Spinal Cord Injury subjects. The Virtual Reality environment depicts a personalized physiotherapy room where the user trains elbow and shoulder by reaching 5 spots on table. Also the user have a biofeedback of both hands’ position. Finally this system will be integrated a pilot biomechanical analysis using The Motion Monitor system to compare a group of patients before and after a 6 week intervention with Virtual Reality221226CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPnão temnão tem13th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies2020Vallett
Avoid ‘running before we can walk’ in medical education research: the importance of design and development research
No full textDesign and development research has the aim of understanding the feasibility and acceptability of implementing early-stage pilot research before interventions are fully implemented and evaluated for their impact. Increasing the use of design and development research in medical education research requires greater awareness of its importance by all stakeholders, the use of iterative research methodologies, such as educational design research, and the application of modified existing frameworks for healthcare feasibility studie
Dexamethasone programs lower fatty acid absorption and reduced PPAR-γ and fat/CD36 expression in the jejunum of the adult rat offspring
No full textThe progeny of rats born and breastfed by mothers receiving dexamethasone (DEX) during pregnancy exhibits permanent reduction in body weight and adiposity but the precise mechanisms related to this programming are not fully understood. In order to clarify this issue, the present study investigated key aspects of lipoprotein production and lipid metabolism by the liver and the intestine that would explain the reduced adiposity seen in the adult offspring exposed to DEX in utero. Female Wistar rats were treated with DEX (0.1 mg/kg/day) between the 15th and the 21st days of pregnancy, while control mothers were treated with vehicle. Male offspring born to control mothers were nursed by either adoptive control mothers (CTL/CTL) or DEX-treated mothers (CTL/DEX). Male offspring born to DEX-treated mothers were nursed by either control mothers (DEX/CTL) or adoptive DEX-treated mothers (DEX/DEX). We found that only the male DEX/DEX offspring had reduced adiposity. Additionally, male DEX/DEX progeny had lower circulating triacylglycerol (TAG) levels only in fed-state. The four groups of offspring presented similar energy expenditure, respiratory quotient and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) production. On the other hand, DEX/DEX rats displayed reduced TAG levels after gavage with olive oil and reduced expression of fatty acid translocase Cd36 (Fat/Cd36) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (Pparg) in the jejunum. Altogether, our study supports the notion that reduced fat absorption by the jejunum may contribute to the lower adiposity of the adult offspring born and breastfed by mothers treated with DEX during pregnancy265CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPnão temnão tem2013/07607-8; 2015/23285-6; 2016/13138-9; 2019/03196-0; 2019/19488-0; 2020/06397-