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Downregulation of L-arginine metabolism in dendritic cells induces tolerance to exogenous antigen
No full textDendritic cells (DC) are potential tools for therapeutic applications and several strategies to generate tolerogenic DCs are under investigation. When activated by cytokines and microbial products, DCs express mediators that modulate immune responses. In this regard, the metabolites generated by the activities of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase in DCs seem to play important roles. Here, we evaluated the effects of adoptive transfer of DCs generated in vitro from bone marrow precursors (BMDC) modulated with L-NAME (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) and NOHA (NG-Hydroxy-L-arginine), inhibitors of iNOS and arginase, respectively, upon the immune response of the wild type (BALB/c) and OVA-TCR transgenic (DO11.10) mice. The modulation with L-NAME increased CD86 expression in BMDC, whereas treatment with NOHA increased both CD80 and CD86 expression. Adoptive transfer of either L-NAME- or NOHA-modulated BMDCs to BALB/c mice reduced the plasma levels of ovalbumin-specific antibody as well as proliferation and cytokine secretion in cultures of spleen cells in comparison adoptive transfer of non-modulated DCs. Conversely, transfer of both modulated and non-modulated BMDCs had no effect on immune response of DO11.10 mice. Together, these results show that the treatment with iNOS and Arg inhibitors leads to increased expression of co-stimulatory molecules in DCs, and provides evidences that L-arginine metabolism may be an important therapeutic target for modulating immune responses in inflammatory disorders3014457CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP142333/2005-005/51520-8; 06/60128-7; 2016/21424-1; 08/05466-0; 2005/0350
Agrometeorological models for forecasting coffee yield
No full textSome forecasting techniques have been tested with crop models using various statistical analyses for generating future scenarios of yield (Y). Forecasting, however, can be achieved by simply using regression analysis and carefully selecting independent variables (IVs) with time displacement relative to the dependent variable. The early forecasting of Y is the vanguard of agronomic modeling, promoting improvements in planning, allowing more rational strategic decisions, and increasing food and economic security. Climatic variables are the most important factors controlling the yield and quality of coffee (Coffea arabica L.). We calibrated and tested agrometeorological models to forecast the annual Y of coffee for six traditional producing regions in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. We used multiple linear regressions, selecting IVs to maximize the period between the forecast of Y and the harvest for each locality. The IVs were monthly meteorological variables from 1997 to 2014: air temperature, rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, soil water storage, water deficit, and water surplus. The IVs were selected by testing all possible combinations in the domain and avoiding multicollinearity. The agrometeorological models were accurate for all regions, and the earliest forecasts were 6 and 5 mo before harvest for the producing locations of Guaxupe and Coromandel, respectively. The models for yield forecasting for Guaxupe included the water deficit in July and October and July precipitation for the high-yield season and the water deficit in April and September and October precipitation for the low-yield season. The models for yield forecasting for Coromandel included the November water surplus and February and September precipitation for the high-yield season and precipitation for January, April, and October for the low-yield season1091249258FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP2014/05025-
Factors leading to international sporting success of Women's Artistic Gymnastics in Brazil
No full textOrientador: Laurita Marconi SchiavonTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação FísicaResumo: O almejo pelo sucesso esportivo e sua manutenção é algo que move o esporte de alto rendimento. Com isso, nas últimas décadas, observamos um aumento no interesse e consequentemente na quantidade de pesquisas direcionadas à gestão e às políticas esportivas, especialmente relacionadas aos fatores chave para o sucesso esportivo internacional. Dentre estas pesquisas, optamos pelo modelo SPLISS para nos basearmos nesta tese. No entanto, este modelo é um modelo geral para políticas esportivas internacionais, assim, há necessidade de validá-lo para modalidades específicas. Tendo em vista que o sucesso de um país no esporte de alto rendimento tende a se concentrar em esportes específicos ou em eventos específicos, analisamos a Ginástica Artística Feminina (GAF) brasileira, que apesar de produzir ginastas de destaque no cenário internacional, apresenta fragilidades na sua estrutura interna de desenvolvimento que não condizem com os investimentos efetuados. Além disso, a Ginástica Artística é uma modalidade que pode prover muitas medalhas para um país em Jogos Olímpicos, apresentando potencial para o investimento de governos e para o estudo de políticas esportivas que influenciam o sucesso. Porém, são escassos os estudos de gestão do esporte relacionados a esta modalidade e os fatores que levam ao sucesso esportivo internacional. Dessa forma, considerando o potencial de medalhas que a GAF pode proporcionar aos países, a escassez de estudos em modalidades específicas, os aspectos relacionados ao sucesso esportivo internacional e as contradições da modalidade no país, este estudo buscou analisar o desenvolvimento e a gestão da GAF brasileira por meio dos fatores que influenciam seu sucesso esportivo internacional, considerando a percepção de gestores(as), treinadores(as), pesquisadores(as), árbitros(as) e ginastas. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa do tipo mista, de projeto paralelo convergente e transformativo sequencial, em duas fases a partir da percepção de seus stakeholders. A partir desta análise os fatores que influenciam o sucesso esportivo internacional da modalidade foram separados em 14 pilares, sendo eles: Instalações esportivas, Desenvolvimento e suporte para treinadores(as), Suporte Financeiro, Estrutura e organização de políticas para a GAF, Participação e esporte de base na GAF, Competições nacionais e internacionais, Suporte para atletas e pós-carreira, Características do(a) treinador(a), Características da ginasta, Família e responsáveis, Qualificação dos demais envolvidos, Identificação e desenvolvimento de talentos, Pesquisa científica e inovação e Arbitragem. Concluímos que apesar do Brasil apresentar certas potencialidades para o desenvolvimento da GAF (Características da Ginasta, Suporte Financeiro, Suporte para atletas, Características do Treinador e Competições Nacionais e Internacionais) estas não são embasadas e nem potencializadas tendo em vista a realidade da modalidade no país. Assim, observando os fatores chaves para o sucesso da GAF apresentados, são necessários, alocação de recursos, esforços, ações e planejamentos estratégicos coerentes e efetivos, atentando para as reais necessidades do país, para que assim, melhores resultados e desempenhos possam ser conquistados e atingidos.Abstract: The seek for sporting success and its maintenance moves high-performance sport. Thus, in the last decades, an increase in interest and, consequently, in the amount of research directed to sports management and policies were observed, especially related to the key factors for international sporting success. Among these researches, we choose the SPLISS model to base on this thesis. However, this model is generic for international sports policies, so there is a need to validate it for specific sports. Bearing in mind that the success of a country in high performance sports tends to focus on specific sports or specific events, we analyzed Women's Artistic Gymnastics (WAG) in Brazil, that despite producing outstanding gymnasts in the international scenario, has weaknesses in its internal development structure that do not match the investments made. Furthermore, Artistic Gymnastics is a sport that can provide many medals for a country in the Olympic Games, showing potential for investment by governments and researches of sports policies that influence success. However, there are few sport management studies related to this sport and the factors that lead to international sporting success. Thus, considering the potential of medals that WAG can provide to countries, the scarcity of studies in specific sports, the aspects related to international sporting success and the contradictions of this sport in the country, this study aimed to analyze the development and management of WAG in Brazil through the factors that influence the international sporting success, considering the perception of managers, coaches, researchers, judges and gymnasts. For this purpose, a mixed research method was carried out using a convergent and transformative sequential design in two phases based on the perception of its stakeholders. From this analysis, the factors influencing the WAG international sporting success were separated into 14 pillars, namely: Training facilities, Coach provision and coach development, Financial Support, Structure and organization of policies for WAG, Sport participation on WAG, National and international competitions, Athletic career and post-career support, Characteristics of the coach, Characteristics of the gymnast, Family and guardians, Qualification of the others involved, Talent identification and development, Sport science support, scientific research and innovation and Judging. We conclude that although Brazil has certain potentialities for the development of WAG (Characteristics of the gymnast, Financial Support, Athletic career support, Characteristics of the coach and National and international competitions), these are not based or enhanced in the reality of this sport in the country. So, it is necessary, based on the key factors for the WAG success presented, resources allocation, efforts, actions and coherent and effective strategic plans, paying attention to Brazil context real needs, so that better results and performances can be achieved.DoutoradoEducação Física e SociedadeDoutora em Educação Física88882.434735/2019-01; 1685117CAPE
Program contents on science textbooks from 6th to 9th grade of brazilian elementary school
No full textEste artigo investiga a organização dos conteúdos de Ciências presentes nas coleções didáticas dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, aprovadas no Programa Nacional do Livro Didático de 2017, pelo referencial metodológico da análise de conteúdo. Foram estabelecidas duas categorias de coleções, denominadas tradicionais e não tradicionais. Constatamos que dez coleções de Ciências presentes no Guia de Livros Didáticos de 2017 apresentam um aspecto tradicional, de acordo com a distribuição dos conteúdos nos livros didáticos, enquanto as obras de caráter não tradicional são três. Inferimos que as mudanças na estrutura dos conteúdos nas coleções didáticas de Ciências não ocorrem porque o livro didático tradicional ainda é mais selecionado, sendo que as coleções de caráter inovador possuem menor adesão pelos professores em atividade. Observamos que essa situação leva o livro didático a permanecer concebido dentro de um modelo tradicional em relação aos conteúdos, fator que persiste fortemente em sua produção, com grande impacto na estrutura curricular das coleções. Concluímos que o conjunto das coleções permanece concentrado em uma organização desatualizada segundo a legislação educacional vigente, centrada em áreas de conhecimento compartimentadas e não integradas, ao invés de eixos temáticos integrados e com abordagem conceitual progressiva ao longo dos anos letivos35110Dossiê Educação Escolar e Desenvolvimento Psíquico Humano241255This paper investigates the organization of the Science contents present on textbooks from Secondary school, approved by the National Textbook Program in 2017, regarding the methodological framework of content analysis. Two categories of collections were established by the researchers: the traditional and the non-tradicional Science textbooks. Data analysis revealed ten Science collections from the 2017 Textbooks’ Guide seem to propose a traditional Science aspect, according to the distribution of the Science textbooks, while non-traditional textbooks are three collections. We infer that there are no
changes in the content structure of these Science Textbooks since the traditional textbook is possibly more selected yet, thus the innovative character collections have less adherence by the active teachers. We observed this choice leads the textbook to remain conceived within a traditional model in relation to the contents, it is a factor that persists strongly in its production, with a great impact on the curricular structure of the collections. We conclude that the set of collections remains concentrated in an organization outdated according to the current educational legislation, centered on compartmentalized and non-integrated areas of knowledge, instead of integrated thematic axes and with a progressive conceptual approach throughout the school year
Comparisons of auricular cartilage tissues from different species
No full textTissue engineering of auricular cartilage has great potential in providing readily available materials for reconstructive surgeries. As the field of tissue engineering moves forward to developing human tissues, there needs to be an interspecies comparison of the native auricular cartilage in order to determine a suitable animal model to assess the performance of engineered auricular cartilage in vivo. Here, we performed interspecies comparisons of auricular cartilage by comparing tissue microstructure, protein localization, biochemical composition, and mechanical properties of auricular cartilage tissues from rat, rabbit, pig, cow, and human. Human, pig, and cow auricular cartilage have smaller lacunae compared to rat and rabbit cartilage (P < .05). Despite differences in tissue microstructure, human auricular cartilage has similar biochemical composition to both rat and rabbit. Auricular cartilage from pig and cow, alternatively, display significantly higher glycosaminoglycan and collagen contents compared to human, rat, and rabbit (P < .05). The mechanical properties of human auricular cartilage were comparable to that of all 4 animal species. his is the first study that compares the microstructural, biochemical, and mechanical properties of auricular cartilage from different species. This study showed that different experimental animal models of human auricular cartilage may be suitable in different cases12612818828Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR
Diversity of floral nectary secretions and structure, and implications for their evolution in Anacardiaceae
No full textCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORCNQP - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOThe flowers of most Anacardiaceae have a floral nectary disk producing nectar rich in sugars. However, a recent study demonstrated that their nectaries might also produce other substances, including lipids and phenolic compounds. To explore the diversity1872209231CAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORCNQP - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORCNQP - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO88881.133676/2016-01SEM INFORMAÇÃOSEM INFORMAÇÃO2014/18002-2420417/2016-8The authors thank CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) and CNPq (Conselho Científico de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) for the PhD scholarship to EDT, granted during the development of this work.We also thank C
Anti-contractile effects of perivascular adipose tissue in thoracic aorta from rats fed a high-fat diet: role of aerobic exercise training
No full textCNQP - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise training on perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) function in thoracic aorta from rats fed a highfat diet. Aortic vascular reactivity was performed in sedentary (SD), trained (TR),453293302CNQP - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNQP - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO456051/2014-72013/02960-1This work was supported by CNPq (456051/2014-7) and FAPESP(2013/02960-1
Environmental change and predator diversity drive alpha and beta diversity in freshwater macro and microorganisms
No full textFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOS - FINEPGlobal biodiversity is eroding due to anthropogenic causes, such as climate change, habitat loss, and trophic simplification of biological communities. Most studies address only isolated causes within a single group of organisms ; however, biological grou24837153728FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOS - FINEPFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFINANCIADORA DE ESTUDOS E PROJETOS - FINEP2014/04603-42015/06646-52016/01209-9550022/2014-701.13.0353.00We thank A.L. Mendonça, J. T. Macedo, B.M. De Oliveira, P.M. deOmena, G.H. Migliorini for help in field research and invertebrates sorting ; F.R.F. de Oliveira, L.F.M. Velho and to the laboratory of protozoology for the aid in identifying the microfauna
SP660 Advanced glycation end products (AGES), cardiovascular disease and CKD-MBD in hemodialysis patients
No full textSem informação303iii588iii60
Colorectal cancer risk in hamartomatous polyposis syndromes
No full textColorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world, and approximately 5% of them develop in a context of inherited mutations leading to some form of familial colon cancer syndromes. Recognition and characterization of these patients have contributed to elucidate the genetic basis of CRC. Polyposis Syndromes may be categorized by the predominant histological structure found within the polyps. The aim of the present paper is to review the most important clinical features of the Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndromes, a rare group of genetic disorders formed by the peutz-Jeghers syndrome, juvenil polyposis syndrome and PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalacaba and Cowden Syndromes). A literature search was performed in order to retrieve the most recent and important papers (articles, reviews, clinical cases and clinical guidelines) regarding the studied subject. We searched for terms such as “hamartomatous polyposis syndromes”, “Peutz-Jeghers syndrome”, “juvenile polyposis syndrome”, “juvenile polyp”, and “PTEN hamartoma tumour syndrome” (Cowden syndrome, Bananyan-Riley-Ruvalcaba). The present article reports the wide spectrum of disease severity and extraintestinal manifestations, with a special focus on their potential to develop colorectal and other neoplasia. In the literature, the reported colorectal cancer risk for Juvenile Polyposis, Peutz-Jeghers and PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndromes are 39%-68%, 39%-57% and 18%, respectively. A review regarding cancer surveillance recommendations is also presented73253