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Mathematical model applied to nitrogen removal in a trickling filter, by anammox process
No full textOrientador: Luana Mattos de Oliveira CruzDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e UrbanismoResumo: O lançamento de compostos de nitrogênio do esgoto doméstico nos corpos hídricos é um dos maiores problemas ambientais enfrentados, pois pode ter consequências nocivas para a saúde humana e para o meio ambiente. Sua remoção tem sido objeto de estudo e pode ser realizada por processos biológicos ou físico-químicos, sendo o primeiro mais comumente utilizado. As bactérias Anammox (Anaerobic Ammonium-Oxidazing) fazem a remoção de nitrogênio de forma anóxica e tem mostrado sua eficiência, todavia ainda há poucos estudos no Brasil relacionados a este processo. Para que o processo Anammox seja viabilizado, é importante garantir um acúmulo de nitrito no sistema, visto que este é necessário para que a reação de transformação dos compostos nitrogenados ocorra. Esta pesquisa objetivou verificar se a taxa de aplicação superficial (TAS) e a transferência de oxigênio para a massa líquida influenciam o acúmulo de nitrito no sistema, de modo a favorecer o processo Anammox em um filtro biológico percolador, bem como avaliar a influência da concentração de matéria orgânica na predominância do processo Anammox. O estudo foi realizado por meio da elaboração de um modelo matemático que simula um reator de biofilme, utilizando o programa de Simulações de Sistemas Aquáticos (AQUASIM). Deste modo foi constatado que o controle da vazão, frente a diferentes valores de taxa de transferência de oxigênio, influencia o acúmulo de nitrito no sistema, uma vez que, para os valores mais baixos de KLa considerados (0,069 e 0,167 min-1), uma vazão de 10 L.d-1 propiciou maior acúmulo, enquanto para o valor mais alto de KLa (0,278 min-1) o maior acúmulo foi observado para a TAS de 6,9 m³.m-2.d-1 (vazão de 22 L.d-1). Além disso, a adição de matéria orgânica causou uma diminuição na concentração de bactérias anammox, embora não tenha impedido sua atividadeAbstract: The release of nitrogen from domestic sewage into water bodies is one of the biggest environmental problems, since there are harmful consequences for human health and for the environment. Nitrogen can be removed by biological or physical-chemical processes, the first being most commonly used. Anammox bacteria (Anaerobic Ammonium-Oxidazing) remove nitrogen in anoxic condition and have been shown to be efficient. However, there are still few studies in Brazil related to this process. For the Anammox process to be viable, it is important to guarantee an accumulation of nitrite in the system, since it is necessary for the transformation of nitrogen compounds. Thus, this research aimed to verify whether the surface application rate (SAR) and the transfer of oxygen to the bulk liquid influence the accumulation of nitrite in the system, in order to favor the Anammox process in a trickling filter. The influence of organic matter concentration in the predominance of the Anammox process was also investigated. The study was carried out with mathematical model that simulates a biofilm reactor, using the Aquatic Systems Simulations program (AQUASIM). Thus, it was verified that the flow control, using different values of oxygen transfer rate, influences the accumulation of nitrite in the system, since, for the lowest values of KLa considered (0,069 e 0,167 min-1), a flow of 10 L.d-1 provided greater accumulation, while for the highest KLa value (0,278 min-1) the highest accumulation was observed for the flow of 22 L.d-1. Besides that, the addition of organic matter caused a decrease in the anammox bacteria concentration, althought it did not disturb its activityMestradoSaneamento e AmbienteMestra em Engenharia Civil2016/21586-1)FAPES
Global proteome profiling of dental cementum under experimentally-induced apposition
No full textDental cementum (DC) covers the tooth root and has important functions in tooth attachment and position. DC can be lost to disease, and regeneration is currently unpredictable due to limited understanding of DC formation. This study used a model of experimentally-induced apposition (EIA) in mice to identify proteins associated with new DC formation. Mandibular first molars were induced to super-erupt for 6 and 21 days after extracting opposing maxillary molars. Decalcified and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded mandible sections were prepared for laser capture microdissection. Microdissected protein extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the data submitted to repeated measure ANOVA test (RM-ANOVA, alpha = 5%). A total of 519 proteins were identified, with 97 (18.6%) proteins found exclusively in EIA sites and 50 (9.6%) proteins exclusively expressed in control sites. Fifty six (10.7%) proteins were differentially regulated by RM-ANOVA (p < 0.05), with 24 regulated by the exclusive effect of EIA (12 proteins) or the interaction between EIA and time (12 proteins), including serpin la, procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer, tenascin X (TNX), and asporin (ASPN). In conclusion, proteomic analysis demonstrated significantly altered protein profile in DC under EIA, providing new insights on DC biology and potential candidates for tissue engineering applications. Significance: Dental cementum (DC) is a mineralized tissue that covers the tooth root surface and has important functions in tooth attachment and position. DC and other periodontal tissues can be lost to disease, and regeneration is currently unpredictable due to lack of understanding of DC formation. This study used a model of experimentally-induced apposition (EIA) in mice to promote new cementum formation, followed by laser capture microdissection (LCM) and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomic analysis. This approach identified proteins associated with new cementum formation that may be targets for promoting cementum regeneration1411223FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP2010/12486-7Ohio State University College of Dentistry; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Arthritis & Musculoskeletal & Skin Diseases (NIAMS
Defective regulation of POMC precedes hypothalamic inflammation in diet-induced obesity
No full textObesity is the result of a long-term positive energy balance in which caloric intake overrides energy expenditure. This anabolic state results from the defective activity of hypothalamic neurons involved in the sensing and response to adiposity. However, it is currently unknown what the earliest obesity-linked hypothalamic defect is and how it orchestrates the energy imbalance present in obesity. Using an outbred model of diet-induced obesity we show that defective regulation of hypothalamic POMC is the earliest marker distinguishing obesity-prone from obesity-resistant mice. The early inhibition of hypothalamic POMC was sufficient to transform obesity-resistant in obesity-prone mice. In addition, the post-prandial change in the blood level of beta-endorphin, a POMC-derived peptide, correlates with body mass gain in rodents and humans. Taken together, these results suggest that defective regulation of POMC expression, which leads to a change of beta-endorphin levels, is the earliest hypothalamic defect leading to obesity6CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informaçã
Ag-containing aluminum-silicon alloys as an alternative for as-cast components of electric vehicles
No full textThe development of new light and efficient systems in electric vehicles (EV) opens up new research opportunities. One of these fronts involves the development of alternative Al-Si alloys. With the current demands for increased EV autonomy, alloys that are more conductive yet strong enough should be developed. Within this context, the present research work evaluates the addition of Ag (0.1 and 2.0 contents) in the high silicon Al-10 wt.% Si alloy. This Si content is due to the typical content of cast alloys normally used in EV components. Several samples with different dendritic scales were solidified. After, their microstructures, electrical conductivity and tensile properties have been evaluated. It is demonstrated that samples of the Al-10 wt.% Si-0.1 wt.% Ag alloy corresponding to λ2 of 30 μm allow tensile properties of: 160 MPa of strength, 12% of ductility and electrical conductivity of 34% IACS. These properties show promise for adding Ag to new EV alloys8CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPNão temNão tem2019/23673-
Building the power : dictatorship and public works in Sao Paulo (1965-1976)
No full textOrientador: Silvana Barbosa RubinoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências HumanasResumo: O presente trabalho partiu da hipótese de que houve uma produção urbana característica da Ditadura Civil Militar brasileira. Dessa forma, analisaram-se as grandes obras de infraestrutura urbana na cidade de São Paulo como forma de construir o poder político, literal e figurativamente, no período compreendido entre 1965 e 1976, quando o país teve crescimento econômico pujante, período conhecido como "milagre econômico" (1968-1973). A pesquisa demonstra a forma como a Ditadura lidou politicamente com a cidade de São Paulo e com a relação entre o passado e a construção do futuro e a noção de progresso, por meio do estudo de caso do Minhocão e da construção das estações Tiradentes e República do metrô. A principal contribuição é compreender as marcas urbanas legadas pela ditadura em São Paulo, que se configuraram como monumentos memoriais deste período que transformou a forma de ver e viver a cidadeAbstract: This thesis started from the hypothesis that there was a particular urban production related to the brazilian Civil-Military Dictatorship. Thus, the major urban works in the city of São Paulo are analyzed as a way to build political power, literally and figuratively, in the period between 1965 and 1976, while Brazil has experienced strong economic growth, in a period known as "economic miracle" (1968-1973). This research shows how the Dictatorship politically dealed with the city of São Paulo and the relation between past and the construction of future based on a certain notion of progress; to achieve this understanding, case studies about Minhocão (most known urban elevated road of São Paulo), Tiradentes and Republica subway stations were developed. The most important contribution of this work is to understand the urban marks left by dictatorship in São Paulo as memorial monuments of this period that has changed the shape and the way of seeing and living the cityDoutoradoPolítica, Memória e CidadeDoutora em Históri
Ileal pouch of ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis patients exhibit modulation of autophagy markers
No full textFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOTotal retocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the surgery of choice for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) that are refractory to clinical treatment. Pouchitis is one of the most common complications after this procedure. Defects in a819FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOsem informaçã
Optimal control of universal quantum gates in a double quantum dot
No full textCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOWe theoretically investigate electron spin operations driven by applied electric fields in a semiconductor double quantum dot (DQD) formed in a nanowire with longitudinal potential modulated by local gating. We develop a model that describes the process o9723CNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOsem informaçãosem informação2017/10190-22012/13052-
The use of Pierre Bourdieu's distinction concepts in scientific articles studying food and eating: a narrative review
No full textThis article reviews and discusses scientific papers on eating practices that have used Pierre Bourdieu's concepts presented in Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. It aims to synthesize and analyze theoretical and empirical studies on the theme in order to present Bourdieu's contributions to the field, advances in his theories, and directions for future research. Exclusion criteria were: not written in Portuguese, English, Spanish, or French; not published in a peer-reviewed journal; not analyzing food or eating; and not using Bourdieu's concepts as presented in Distinction as the main theoretical framework. In this narrative review, we found 38 articles, which were categorized main themes: food choice and provisioning, taste, social class, food symbolism, the body, and the scientific field of food and eating. The taste of luxury and the taste of necessity were broadly applied on the works found in this review and were observed among the lower and upper classes, manifesting differently in each class. These studies show that while Bourdieu's theories are still highly relevant to understanding contemporary social groups, they may be improved when combined with other frameworks and theorists. We highlight as directions for future research manners in which gender and the environment interact with the habitus and food choices. Finally, this review points to new areas of investigation that may help improve the use of Bourdieu's concepts in exploring health inequalities, such as differences in eating practices and habitus within populations with low socioeconomic status96174186CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ487194/2013-6; 309121/2012-
The production of exclusivity: high standard enterprises-Cuiaba-MT
No full textO presente texto analisa a produção espacial realizada pelo setor imobiliário em Cuiabá-MT no período de 2000 a 2014, no qual se destaca a produção de produtos imobiliários residenciais, condomínios horizontais e verticais, considerados de alto padrão. A análise da produção imobiliária de alto padrão em Cuiabá nos revela a estreita relação entre o setor imobiliário e o capital financeiro, o que altera a forma e o conteúdo da dinâmica da produção do espaço urbano63427438The present text analyses the space production carried out by the property sector in Cuiabá-MT in the period from 2000 to 2014, in which stands out the production of residential property products, horizontal and vertical condominiums, respected of high standard. The analysis of the property production of high standard in Cuiabá reveals us the near relationship between the property sector and the financial capital, which alters the form and the content of the production dynamic of the urbane spacesem informaçã
Bioenergy emerging paradigm
No full textOrientador: José Maria Ferreira Jardim da SilveiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de EconomiaResumo: A bioenergia é considerada a fronteira mais importante no contexto da transição para uma economia de baixo carbono. Dessa forma, muitos cientistas promovem esforços para o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos necessários à viabilidade tecnológica e econômica da bioenergia. A criação de conhecimento é um processo complexo. O desenvolvimento de conhecimento emergente passa, primeiramente, pelo processo de compartilhamento de ideias, que são transmitidas informalmente por meio de contatos e interações diretas entre os agentes. Uma possível explicação é que muito conhecimento relevante é tácito, ou não codificado, o que significa que só é transmitido por meio de interações diretas. Nesse fenômeno de compartilhamento de ideias e criação de conhecimento, as redes de cooperação emergem. Uma vez criados, os conhecimentos se tornam codificados. No caso de colaboração envolvendo o conhecimento emergente, pouco se sabe sobre o desempenho dessas redes nas economias. Nas redes, os agentes são importantes não somente na criação de conhecimento, mas também na dinâmica de colaborações, as quais exercem influência sobre a mudança técnica. Na presente tese, a dinâmica dessas relações são propulsores do desenvolvimento de tecnologias, que condicionam a formação de um paradigma emergente, o qual é entendido como as bases iniciais que antecedem ao paradigma tecnológico. Busca-se questionar como se espalha o conhecimento emergente no campo da bioenergia pelos continentes, criando uma espécie de comunidade epistêmica, que estabelecerá as bases para uma transição energética de baixo carbono no futuro. Para tanto, o objetivo principal é mapear as redes de colaboração científica em bioenergia e avaliar a eficiência da estrutura dessas redes sobre a mudança técnica. Recorre-se à metodologia de redes para analisar, a partir de artigos científicos, o adensamento dessas redes de colaboração. Assim, pretende-se mensurar o cálculo da Difusão de Conhecimento Emergente via Rede de Cooperação (DRC). Em seguida, identifica-se as fronteiras tecnológicas a partir da análise das matrizes de co-ocorrência de classes tecnológicas (International Patent Classification ¿ IPC) de patentes em bioenergia. A amostra contém 12.372 artigos e 11.695 patentes, no período que vai de 1975 a 2018. Esses dados foram, então, incorporados na análise de evolução generalizada. A hipótese entende que a colaboração entre os países, mesmo aqueles com pouca colaboração científica, é importante para difundir o conhecimento científico pelos continentes. De forma simultânea, as cooperações evoluem de forma a aumentar a taxa de colaboração do número de países envolvidos e possuem uma correlação temporal com o crescimento de colaboração entre diferentes áreas de conhecimento, que convergem para áreas de fronteiras tecnológicas. A análise permitiu a formulação do conceito de paradigma emergente, fenômeno que emerge da massa de colaborações interligadas às áreas de conhecimento dos agentes. A difusão de conhecimentos complexos se dá regionalmente entre os continentes, dando origem às áreas de fronteiras tecnológicas. Os resultados indicaram que a bioenergia é um paradigma emergente, com redes de colaboração em todos os continentes, com exceção do Ártico. Foi possível verificar distinção entre países com muitas colaborações e países com pouca colaboração. Contudo, essas diferenças não afetaram o desempenho da rede. Ao contrário, tiveram influência significativa sobre os fluxos de conhecimento emergenteAbstract: Bioenergy is considered the most important frontier in the context of the transition to a low carbon economy. In this sense, many scientists promote efforts to develop the knowledge necessary for the technological and economic viability of bioenergy. Knowledge creation is a complex process. The development of emerging knowledge first passes through the process of sharing ideas, which are transmitted informally through direct contacts and interactions between agents. One possible explanation is that the relevant knowledge is tacit, or not coded, which means that it is only transmitted through direct interactions. In this phenomenon of sharing ideas and creating knowledge, cooperation networks emerge. Once created, knowledge becomes encoded. In the case of collaboration involving emerging knowledge, little is known about the performance of these networks in economies. In networks, agents are important not only in the creation of knowledge, but also in the dynamics of collaborations, which have an influence on technical change. In the present thesis, the dynamics of these relations are drivers of the development of technologies, which condition the formation of an emerging paradigm, which is understood as the initial bases that precede the technological paradigm. It seeks to question how the emerging knowledge in the field of bioenergy is spread across continents, creating a kind of epistemic community, which will lay the foundation for a low carbon energy transition in the future. Therefore, the main objective is to map the networks of scientific collaboration in bioenergy and evaluate the efficiency of the structure of these networks on technical change. Network methodology is used to analyze, based on scientific articles, the densification of these collaboration networks. Thus, it is intended to measure the calculation of the Diffusion of Emerging Knowledge via the Cooperation Network (DRC). Then, the technological frontiers are identified from the analysis of the matrices of co-occurrence of technological classes (International Patent Classification - IPC) of patents in bioenergy. The sample contains 12,372 articles and 11,695 patents, in the period from 1975 to 2018. These data were then incorporated into the analysis of generalized evolution. The hypothesis understands that collaboration between countries, even those with little scientific collaboration, is important to spread scientific knowledge across continents. Simultaneously, cooperations evolve in order to increase the collaboration rate of the number of countries involved and have a temporal correlation with the growth in collaboration between different areas of knowledge, which converge to areas of technological frontiers. The analysis allowed the formulation of the emerging paradigm concept, a phenomenon that emerges from the mass of collaborations interconnected to the agents' areas of knowledge. The diffusion of complex knowledge occurs regionally across continents, giving rise to areas of technological frontiers. The results indicated that bioenergy is an emerging paradigm, with collaboration networks on all continents, with the exception of the Arctic. It was possible to verify the distinction between countries that collaborated a lot and countries that collaborated less . However, these differences did not affect the performance of the network. On the contrary, they had a significant influence on emerging knowledge flowsDoutoradoDesenvolvimento Economico, Espaço e Meio AmbienteDoutora em Desenvolvimento Econômico2016/13820-4FAPES