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The role of spect/CT lymphoscintigraphy and radioguided sentinel lymph node biopsy in managing papillary thyroid cancer
No full textSingle-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and radioguided sentinel lymph node biopsy (rSLNB) are techniques that could potentially benefit surgeons and pathologists in the identification of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Evidence suggests that these novel techniques lead to substantial changes in PTC management by reducing understaging and of occult lymph node (LN) metastases and optimizing neck surgery by increasing the necessity of lateral lymphadenectomy and decreasing central lymphadenectomy. To correlate the presence of LN metastases in PTC with clinical and pathological features using SPECT/CT and rSLNB. For this prospective cohort study from June 2010 to November 2013, 42 patients with thyroid nodules suspicious for papillary carcinoma or classified as malignant on cytology examination without suspicion of lymph node metastases by clinical and ultrasound examinations were recruited from a single public medical institution. All 42 patients underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy after an ultrasound-guided peritumoral injection of Technetium Tc 99m nanocolloid. Cervical images were acquired with a SPECT/CT scanner 15 minutes after radiotracer injection. Approximately 2 hours after lymphoscintigraphy, the patients were submitted to intraoperative rSLNB using a handheld gamma probe. All SLNs identified were removed alongside with non-SLNs from the same compartment. Papillary thyroid carcinoma, SLNs and non-SLNs were submitted for histopathology and immunohistochemical analyses. Of the 42 patients initially enrolled, 37 were included in analysis, including 6 men and 31 women with a mean (range) age of 47 (22-83) years. Overall, T stage was as follows: T1, 23 patients (62.2%); T2, 8 patients (21.6%); and T3, 6 patients (16.2%). Sentinel lymph nodes were identified in 92% of the patients, and among these metastases were present in 17 patients (46%). The SLNs were false-negative in 3 patients. Metastases in the lateral compartment ocurred in 7 patients (18%). There was a significant association between LN metastases and tumor size (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.00-1.13; P = .02), with a Cohen d effect of 0.683 (medium to large effect). Overall, 17 patients (46%) with LN metastases had management changed because they were submitted to higher radioiodine ablation doses and closer clinical surveillance
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Radioguided SLNB is able to detect occult cervical lymph node metastases in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, and in 7 patients (18%) rSLNB detected lymph node metastases in the lateral compartments. The rSLNB technique lead to management change in 14 patients (37.8%)142983484
AMPK allostery : a therapeutic target for the management/treatment of diabetic nephropathy
No full textDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) with approximately 30–40% of patients with DM developing nephropathy, and it is the leading cause of end-stage renal diseases and diabetic morbidity. The pathogenesis of DN is primarily associated with irregularities in the metabolism of glucose and lipid leading to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, which has been a major target together with blood pressure regulation in the control of DN progression. However, the regulation of 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly conserved protein kinase for maintaining energy balance and cellular growth and repair has been implicated in the development of DM and its complications. Therefore, targeting AMPK pathway has been explored as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diabetes and its complication, although most of the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this review, we discuss the structure of AMPK relevant to understanding its allosteric regulation and its role in the pathogenesis and progression of DN. We also identify therapeutic agents that modulate AMPK and its downstream targets with their specific mechanisms of action in the treatment of DN26
Territory, banal space and sovereignty : the privatization of Petrobrás
No full textOrientador: Marcio Antonio CataiaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de GeociênciasResumo: Este trabalho analisa as causas do processo de privatização da Petrobrás no contexto da globalização perversa, buscando compreender as consequências no espaço banal brasileiro. Considerando que a Petrobrás é parte da construção de um projeto soberano para o Brasil, entendemos que ela resulta do papel do Estado de construir seu território como abrigo dos brasileiros. O processo de globalização observado na economia mundial desde meados da década de 1970, no entanto, vem impondo aos territórios diversos mecanismos de financeirização das atividades nacionais, e este é o contexto das privatizações dos serviços públicos e das estatais, nas quais se insere a Petrobrás. Esse movimento de privatizações vai transformando o território como abrigo dos brasileiros em território como recurso da acumulação financeira, e assim desfuncionaliza os recursos específicos do território, desagrega redes de funcionamento social e territorial, comprometendo sua finalidade original de atender aos sujeitos nacionais. Essa desfuncionalização do território é percebida com maior criticidade no cotidiano dos brasileiros pobres, comprometendo a qualidade do espaço banal, lugar da vida das pessoas comuns, e seu acesso aos direitos básicos de cidadania. A privatização da Petrobrás compromete a soberania nacional ao mesmo tempo em que diminui a potência, a possibilidade, da construção da cidadania no paísAbstract: This research aim to analyze the causes of Petrobrás privatization process in the context of perverse globalization, seeking to understand the consequences in the Brazilian banal space. Petrobrás is part of the construction of a sovereign project for Brazil, it results in the State's role in building its territory as a shelter for Brazilians. The globalization process observed in the world economy since the mid-1970s, however, has been imposing on the territories several mechanisms for financializing national activities, this is the context of the privatization of public and state services in which Petrobrás is inserted. The privatization movement is transforming the territory as a shelter for Brazilians into territory as a resource for financial accumulation. This movement dysfunctions the specific resources of the territory, disaggregating networks of social and territorial functioning, compromising its original purpose of serving national subjects. This defunctionalization of the territory is perceived with greater criticality in the daily lives of the poor Brazilians, compromising the quality of the banal space, the place of ordinary people's lives and their access to basic citizenship rights. The privatization of Petrobrás undermines national sovereignty while decreasing the power, the possibility, of building citizenship in the countryMestradoAnálise Ambiental e Dinâmica TerritorialMestre em Geografi
Between experimentalism and market : an analysis of the album Jóia, by Caetano Veloso
No full textOrientador: Antônio Rafael Carvalho dos SantosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de ArtesResumo: Caetano Veloso lançou o LP Jóia em 1975, junto ao disco Qualquer Coisa. Àquela altura, o cantor e compositor atuava no cenário musical brasileiro há quase dez anos. Nesse período, sua imagem pública teve diversas mudanças: passou de cantor de Bossa Nova a líder do movimento tropicalista, preso político e artista exilado. Em seu retorno, tornou-se um dos principais representantes da MPB. No início dos anos 1970, Caetano lançou uma série de discos com caráter altamente experimental, sendo o Jóia o último desses, que foi sucedido por uma maior aproximação com a canção pop. O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar como Caetano responde musicalmente ao contexto em que se insere, elucidando os procedimentos estéticos e composicionais do disco Jóia. Justifico essa abordagem por diversos motivos. Veloso é, até hoje, um dos compositores de maior renome da MPB, gênero que ocupava nos anos 1970 um lugar central na cultura brasileira. O compositor esteve, por muitos momentos, em uma posição ambígua naquele cenário, ora apontado como possível liderança na resistência contra a Ditadura Militar, ora visto como um compositor alienado das questões políticas da época. Os trabalhos acadêmicos que colocam Veloso em enfoque muitas vezes lançam o olhar apenas sobre o período do movimento tropicalista do final dos anos 1960. Embora Caetano tenha tido, nos anos 1970, uma de suas décadas de maior produtividade artística, sua música do período não foi tão analisada. Quando se torna objeto de pesquisa, o enfoque recai sobre as letras da canções, deixando diversos aspectos musicais de lado. Minha abordagem, nessa perspectiva, é uma tentativa de suprir essa lacuna. Para isso, busquei uma análise mais abrangente do disco, que incluiu elementos como o projeto gráfico, os arranjos, as instrumentações, os ritmos, os procedimentos melódicos e harmônicos, os diferentes usos da voz e as letras das canções. A partir dessas informações, identifiquei nas canções do disco Jóia diversos procedimentos de intertextualidade e diálogos com a poesia concreta, um uso extenso de procedimentos modais nas melodias e harmonias, experimentações e improvisos vocais e arranjos construídos de forma intuitiva e com baixa densidade instrumental. Pude verificar também diálogos com a Bossa Nova, com gêneros tradicionais brasileiros como a toada e a marcha-rancho, com cantos de religiões afro-brasileiras e a música de povos indígenas brasileiros, além de momentos de aproximação com gêneros estrangeiros, como o rock, o blues e o jazzAbstract: Caetano Veloso released the LP Jóia in 1975, alongside the album Qualquer Coisa. At that time, the singer and composer had been active in the Brazilian music scene for almost ten years. During this period, his public image had several changes: he went from a Bossa Nova singer to the leader of the Tropicalia movement, a political prisoner and an exiled artist. Upon his return, he became one of the main names of Brasilian Popular Music (MPB). In the early 1970s, Caetano released a series of highly experimental records. Jóia was the last one, being succeeded by a closer relationship with pop music. This dissertation aims to analyze how Caetano musically responds to the context in which he is inserted, elucidating the aesthetic and compositional procedures of the disc Jóia. I justify this approach for several reasons. Veloso is, to this day, one of the most renowned composers of MPB, a genre that occupied a central spot in the Brazilian culture in the 1970s. The composer was for many moments in an ambiguous position in the scenario, sometimes pointed out as a possible leader in the resistance against the Military Dictatorship, other times seen as a composer alienated from political issues. The academic works that study Veloso often focus only on the period of the Tropicalia movement of the late 1960s. Although Caetano had, in the 1970s, one decade of greatest artistic productivity, the music he made in the period was not much analyzed - when it becomes the object of research, the main focus is the lyrics of the songs, leaving several musical aspects aside. My approach, in this perspective, is an attempt to fill this gap. For that, I sought a wider analysis of the disc, which included elements such as the graphic design, the arrangements, the instruments, the rhythms, the melodic and harmonic procedures, the different uses of the voice and the lyrics of the songs. With that information, I identified on the disc Jóia several intertextuality procedures, dialogues with concrete poetry, extensive use of modal procedures in melodies and harmonies, experimentations, vocal improvisations and arrangements built intuitively and with low instrumental density. I also verified dialogues with Bossa Nova, with traditional Brazilian genres such as toada and marcha-rancho, with songs by Afro-Brazilian religions and the music of Brazilian indigenous people, in addition to moments of approach with foreign genres, such as rock, blues and jazzMestradoMúsica, Teoria, Criação e PráticaMestre em Músic
Convection in liquid-state NMR: expect the unexpected
No full textTemperature gradients in liquid-state NMR samples are unavoidable, but undesirable: they lead to sample convection, and consequently to signal attenuation in experiments that use field gradients. This paper illustrates how widely the dependence of sample convection velocity on the temperature at which the sample is maintained can differ between different probes and different spectrometers, including the first such results for cryoprobe systems, and highlights the importance of understanding this dependence if the effects of sample convection are to be kept to an acceptable minimum. It is sometimes thought that efficient sample temperature control should suffice to avoid convection: alas, this is not true, and rapid sample convection can occur even with the best hardware. Previous experiments have shown that the effects of convection can sometimes be avoided by setting the sample temperature regulation to one particular temperature; here it is shown that no such temperature exists in some probes. The issue of convection is all too often swept under the carpet; these results confirm that it is a more general problem than is commonly realized.6979517395176CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informação88881.030355/2013-012014/12776-6; 2015/19229-
Photophysical properties of asymmetric and water-soluble dinuclear lanthanide complexes of poly glycol chain functionalized-benzoic acid derivative: experimental and theoretical approaches
No full textNew water-soluble lanthanide complexes with a poly glycol chain (–OEtOEtOEtOMe) functionalized benzoic acid derivative ligand were synthesized and photophysically characterized. The results indicate a formation of an asymmetric dinuclear lanthanide complexes. The [Eu2(mee)6(H2O)2] complex shows emission in water solution and it was noted that after 48 h part of the ligands are replaced by water molecules resulting on quenching of the emission and decreasing of lifetimes by O–H oscillators from water molecules. The average Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters were determined experimentally from emission spectra of the europium(III) complex. Additionally, the contribution of each asymmetric europium(III) center to the JO intensity parameters were calculated independently using time resolved spectroscopy and the LUMPAC software helping the proposition of the polyhedral coordination sphere determined by the ground state geometry using the Sparkle/PM3 model. The transfer and back energy transfer rates were also calculated. The values obtained for energy transfer rates are lower than previous values obtained for europium(III) complexes with benzoic acid derivative ligands, indicating the role of the poly glycol chain on photophysical properties of the [Eu2(mee)6(H2O)2] complex.6103101133101141CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP159249/2014-7Sem informação2015/22426-5; 2013/22127-
A new, efficient and recyclable [Ce(l-Pro)]2(Oxa) heterogeneous catalyst used in the Kabachnik–Fields reaction
No full textHerein we introduce a new catalyst for the Kabachnik–Fields reaction, [Ce(L-Pro)]2(Oxa), using a very accessible, simple and efficient methodology for α-aminophosphonate synthesis using an aromatic aldehyde, an aromatic amine and diphenyl phosphite. This procedure was developed using a low catalyst loading of cerium(III) prolinate and it has allowed for the recycling of the catalyst.6322721327219CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPES314140/2014-0; 400706/2014-802/201
Sequencing and identification of different salmonella species in cocoa beans treated with gamma irradiation
No full textGamma irradiation is an effective way to eliminate the bacterial load in cocoa beans. During harvesting these are exposed to various factors of contamination. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of gamma irradiation on the presence of Salmonella spp considered a microbiological risk in chocolate. Cocoa samples (n = 31) were treated with three doses of gamma irradiation (2, 3 and 5 kGy) besides a control sample without irradiation. The PCR method revealed 22 bacteria (n = 124) with Salm3-Salm4 amplified. The DNA sequencing method confirmed the presence of two isolates who belong to Salmonella spp. and 20 belonging to Klebsiella sp and Enterobacter sp. These results were retrieved from the control samples and irradiation 2kGy, while radiation 3 to 5 kGy no growth of microorganisms.758CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQSem informação9th International Conference on Predictive Modelling in Foo
MicroRNAs in the host-apicomplexan parasites interactions: a review of immunopathological aspects
No full textMicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs, have been detected in a variety of organisms ranging from ancient unicellular eukaryotes to mammals. They have been associated with numerous molecular mechanisms involving developmental, physiological and pathological changes of cells and tissues. Despite the fact that miRNA-silencing mechanisms appear to be absent in some Apicomplexan species, an increasing number of studies have reported a role for miRNAs in host-parasite interactions. Host miRNA expression can change following parasite infection and the consequences can lead, for instance, to parasite clearance. In this context, the immune system signaling appears to have a crucial role6CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informação2012/16525-
Presynaptic proteins as markers of the neurotoxic activity of bmjeTX-I and bmjeTX-II toxins from Bothrops marajoensis (Marajó lancehead) snake venom
No full textNeuromuscular preparations exposed to B. marajoensis venom show increases in the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials and twitch tension facilitation followed by presynaptic neuromuscular paralysis, without evidences of muscle damage. Considering that presynaptic toxins interfere into the machinery involved in neurotransmitter release (synaptophysin, synaptobrevin, and SNAP25 proteins), the main objective of this communication is to analyze, by immunofluorescence and western blotting, the expression of the synaptic proteins, synaptophysin, synaptobrevin, and SNAP25 and by myography, light, and transmission electron microscopy the pathology of motor nerve terminals and skeletal muscle fibres of chick biventer cervicis preparations (CBC) exposed in vitro to BmjeTX-I and BmjeTX-II toxins from B. marajoensis venom. CBC incubated with toxins showed irreversible twitch tension blockade and unaffected KCl- and ACh-evoked contractures, and the positive colabelling of acetylcholine receptors confirmed that their action was primarily at the motor nerve terminal. Hypercontraction and loose myofilaments and synaptic vesicle depletion and motor nerve damage indicated that the toxins displayed both myotoxic and neurotoxic effect. The blockade resulted from interference on synaptophysin, synaptobrevin, and SNAP25 proteins leading to the conclusion that BmjeTX-I and BmjeTX-II affected neurotransmitter release machinery by preventing the docking of synaptic vesicles to the axolemma of the nerve terminal.2016CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informação2011/00001-1; 2005/53625-