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Fully endoscopic minimally invasive transrectus capitis posterior muscle triangle approach to the posterolateral condyle and jugular tubercle
No full textWe evaluated a transrectus capitis posterior muscle triangle approach to the posterolateral foramen magnum, occipital condyles, jugular tubercle, and the fourth ventricle. We also assessed factors that affect the amount of bone removal required. To evaluate if the proposed approach is as effective as standard open approaches to expose the lateral portion of the foramen magnum. The proposed minimally invasive fully endoscopic approach was performed in 15 cadaveric specimens using 4-mm (0- and 45-degree) endoscopes. Using a 5-cm straight paramedian incision, the rectus capitis posterior minor and major muscles were partially removed unilaterally, providing a corridor through the muscles to reach the foramen magnum region. After meticulous soft tissue dissection, key anatomical landmarks can be identified such as the greater occipital nerve, the vertebral artery that wraps around the atlanto-occipital joint, and the bony protuberance that heralds the occipital condyle. A suboccipital craniotomy associated with the transcondylar, supracondylar or paracondylar approach is performed depending on the amount of bone removal desired to maximize the surgical view. By doing so, the jugular foramen can be exposed laterally as well as the fourth ventricle medially. The proposed endoscopic approach can provide access through the transrectus capitis posterior muscle triangle leading directly to the occipital condyle. A stepwise approach is critical to gain a surgical corridor to the inferolateral petroclival region and the fourth ventricle.78535937
Clinical efficacy of EDTA ultrasonic activation in the reduction of endotoxins and cultivable bacteria
No full textThis clinical study was conducted to investigate the influence of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) ultrasonic activation after chemomechanical preparation (CMP) on eliminating/reducing oral bacterial lipopolysaccharides (known as endotoxins) and cultivable bacteria in teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis. Samples were taken from 24 root canals at several clinical periods: S1 – before CMP; S2 – after CMP; S3 – after EDTA: G1 – with ultrasonic activation (n = 12) and G2 – without ultrasonic activation (n = 12). Root canals were instrumented using Mtwo rotary files. Culture techniques were used to determine the number of colony‐forming units (CFU). Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) was used to measure endotoxin levels. Friedman's and Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests were used to compare the amount of bacteria and endotoxin levels in each period (P 0.05). Chemomechanical preparation was effective in reducing bacteria and endotoxins, but could not completely eliminate them. The ultrasonic activation of EDTA was effective in further reducing endotoxin levels in the root canals of teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis.5010933940CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP308162/2014‐5Sem informação2013/23061‐5; 2010/17877‐
Addressing Brazilian diversity in personal computing systems with a tailoring-based approach
No full textAccess to knowledge, information, and technology is a key element for the development of individuals and society as a whole. While computing systems play a fundamental role in this process, efforts aimed at diminishing the worldwide digital divide are still scarce. In this study, we propose a tailoring-based approach for personal systems design as a way to promote digital and social inclusion in contexts of highly unbalanced access to computing technology. Our approach uses theories and methods of participatory design and semiotics to tailor user interfaces according to principles of universal access. We propose the integration of the PLuRaL framework for the system conception and design with the FAN (flexibility through AJAX and norms) framework for implementation and deployment of tailorable user interfaces, reaching a complete approach for the creation of systems. The approach, frameworks, and methods were effectively analyzed during the design of an inclusive social network system in Brazil. In addition, we present an evaluation of the developed system and discuss possible impacts on digital inclusio
Assessment of knowledge and acceptance of ricotta and orange nectar in volleyball players
No full textO consumo de quantidades e fontes adequadas de carboidratos, proteínas e água são importantes para que o atleta obtenha um bom rendimento físico durante o treino ou nas competições. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento e a aceitação de ricota e néctar de laranja por voleibolistas adolescentes. O conhecimento dos alimentos estudados foi analisado pelo paladar e da visão, enquanto que a aceitação dos mesmos ocorreu mediante o seu fornecimento durante 6 dias após o treino. Os dados do conhecimento foram analisados por meio do teste χ2 a 5% de probabilidade. Na avaliação do conhecimento pelo paladar, 100% das atletas acertaram o nome da ricota e menos de 50% dos atletas de ambos os gêneros acertaram o nome do néctar de laranja. Por meio da visão, 100% dos atletas acertaram o nome da ricota e a maioria destes (60%) acertou o nome do néctar de laranja. Não houve diferença significativa entre os gêneros para nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados pelo paladar e a visão. Tanto a ricota quanto o néctar de laranja foram aceitos pelos atletas de ambos os sexos no pós-treino, sendo o néctar de laranja melhor aceito que a ricota. Concluiu-se que não houve diferença estatística quanto o conhecimento dos alimentos utilizando os órgãos dos sentidos, e que tanto a ricota quanto o néctar foram aceitos no pós-treino do jogo de voleibol por adolescentes. Assim, sugere-se que estes alimentos possam ser introduzidos nos seus cardápios para melhorar sua condição nutricional e, consequentemente, seu desempenho físico1059497506The consumption of appropriate quantity and sources of carbohydrates, proteins and water are important for the athlete to get a good physical performance during training or in competition. The aim of the study was to evaluate the knowledge and acceptance of ricotta and orange nectar for volleyball players adolescents. Knowledge of the foods studied was analyzed by taste and vision, while acceptance occurred by the supply for 6 days after training. The knowledge data were analyzed using the χ2 test at 5% probability. In the assessment of knowledge by taste, 100% of the athletes said the right name of ricotta and less than 50% of the athletes of both genders agreed the name of orange nectar. Through vision, 100% of the athletes said the right the name of ricotta and most of these (60%) said the right the name of orange nectar. There was no significant difference between genders for any of the parameters evaluated for taste and vision. The ricotta and the orange nectar were accepted by the athletes of both genders in the post-workout, and the orange nectar accepted more that the ricotta. It was concluded that there was no statistical difference in the knowledge of food using the sense organs, and the ricotta and the nectar were accepted in post-workout volleyball game for teenagers. It's suggested that these foods can be brought into their menus to improve their nutritional status and, consequently, their physical performancesem informaçã
Comparison of the accuracy of full-arch intraoral scanning method and conventional impressions : an "in-vitro" comparison based on 3D analysis and dental measurements
No full textOrientador: Alexander Tadeu SverzutDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar a acurácia de dois escâneresintraorais (CS3600 e TRIOS3) com o método de moldagem das arcadas dentárias. Materiais e métodos: impressões de uma maxila de referência foram realizadas por meio de três grupos divididos em 45 moldagens com silicone de condensação, 45 escaneamentos com o TRIOS3 e 45 escaneamentos com o CS3600, tendo a amostra um total de 135 repetições. Todas as repetições foram transformadas em arquivos digitais no formato .STL e, em seguida, importadas para o software Geomagic Control® e, para verificar sua confiabilidade, foramcomparadas separadamente ao modelo de referência através das ferramentas "best-fit aligment" e "análise do desvio" com a produção de um mapa de cor e valores quantitativos de desvios tridimensionais, sendo o mais importante, o RMS. Por sua vez, para verificar a precisão, os modelos dentro do mesmo grupo foram sobrepostos e comparados entre si usando o mesmo protocolo. Finalmente, para alcançar o objetivo do estudo, as distâncias intercanina e intermolar de todos os modelos dos três grupos testes foram obtidas e comparadas às medidas da maxila de referência. Resultados: através das análises realizadas pôde-se obter resultados qualitativos (mapas de cor) e quantitativos (relações entre médias e desvio padrão de RMS e das distâncias intercanina e intermolar). A análise qualitativa da confiabilidade revelou variações, principalmente na região posterior da arcada dentária; e a precisão foi maior nos escâneres intraorais quando comparados à moldagem. Em relação à moldagem, uma grande variação de desvios foi identificada, sobretudo na região oclusal e incisal dos dentes. A análise quantitativa demonstrou que os grupos testadosapresentam diferenças estatisticamente significantes em relação à referência, porém, em valores absolutos essas variações produzem desvios limitados a 0,1mm. Logo, não introduzem desvios clínicos significantes aos procedimentos orto-cirúrgicos Conclusão: Os escâneres intraorais são confiáveis e precisos, ou seja, possuem a acurácianecessária para a sua utilização na prática odontológica, sendo esta, inclusive,superiora das moldagens convencionaisAbstract: Objective: To evaluate and compare the accuracy of two intraoral scanners (CS3600 and TRIOS3) with the method of casting. Materials and methods: impressions of a reference maxilla were obtained by three groups divided into 45 moldings with condensation silicone, 45 scans with TRIOS3 and 45 scans with CS3600, with the sample having a total of 135 repetitions. All repetitions were transformed into digital files in .STL format and then imported into the Geomagic Control® software and, to check their trueness, were compared separately to the reference model using the "best-fit aligment" and "deviation analysis" tools with the production of a color map and quantitative values of three-dimensional deviations, the most important being the RMS. To verify precision, models within the same group were overlapped and compared to each other using the same protocol.Finally, to achieve the objective of the study, the intercanine and intermolar distances of all models in the three test groups were obtained and compared to the measurements of the reference maxilla.Results: through the analyzes performed, it was possible to obtain qualitative (color maps) and quantitative results (relationships between means and standard deviation of RMS and intercanine and intermolar distances).The qualitative analysis of trueness revealed variations, mainly in the posterior region of the dental arch; and the precision was bigger in intraoral scanners when compared to casting.Regarding the casting, a large variation of deviations was identified, especially in the occlusal and incisal regions of the teeth. The quantitative analysis showed that the tested groups present statistically significant differences in relation to the reference, however, in absolute values these variations produce deviations limited to 0.1 mm. Therefore, they do not introduce significant clinical deviations to orthosurgical procedures.Conclusion: Intraoral scanners are reliable and precise, that is, they have the necessary accuracy for their use in dental practice, which is even superior to that of conventional castingMestradoCirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-FaciaisMestra em Clínica OdontológicaCAPE
Sleep pattern and locomotor activity are impaired by doxorubicin in non-tumor-bearing rats
No full textPurpose: We sought explore the effects of doxorubicin on sleep patterns and locomotor activity. To investigate these effects, two groups were formed: a control group and a Doxorubicin (DOXO) group.
Methods: Sixteen rats were randomly assigned to either the control or DOXO groups. The sleep patterns were examined by polysomnographic recording and locomotor activity was evaluated in an open-field test.
Results: In the light period, the total sleep time and slow wave sleep were decreased, while the wake after sleep onset and arousal were increased in the DOXO group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). In the dark period, the total sleep time, arousal, and slow wave sleep were increased, while the wake after sleep onset was decreased in the DOXO group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, DOXO induced a decrease of crossing and rearing numbers when compared control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Therefore, our results suggest that doxorubicin induces sleep pattern impairments and reduction of locomotor activity93232235CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP481231/2012-913/09367-
Adesão às medidas de restrição de contato físico e disseminação da COVID-19 no Brasil
No full textAnalisar a adesão da população às medidas de restrição de contato físico e disseminação da COVID-19 no Brasil. Inquérito de saúde, realizado pela internet, com amostragem em cadeia, no período de 24 de abril a 24 de maio de 2020. A intensidade da adesão à restrição de contato físico foi analisada segundo características sociodemográficas, utilizando-se modelos de regressão logística para investigar associações com ‘Nenhuma/pouca adesão’. Dos 45.161 participantes, 74,2% (73,8-74,6%) relataram intensa adesão às medidas. O grupo que não aderiu às medidas foi composto homens (31,7%), com idade de 30 a 49 anos (36,4%), baixa escolaridade (33,0%), trabalhando durante a pandemia (81,3%), residentes nas regiões Norte (28,1%) e Centro-Oeste (28,5%) do país. Houve importante redução das taxas de crescimento diário, de 45,4 para 5,0%. Grande parte da população brasileira aderiu às medidas de restrição de contato físico, o que, possivelmente, contribuiu para reduzir a disseminação da COVID-1929
History and history teaching of dictatorships in Brazil and Argentina
No full textO artigo aborda as relações entre a história e ensino de história na construção de memórias sobre as ditaduras civil-militares de Segurança Nacional no Brasil e na Argentina, destacando o seu potencial para o entendimento do presente e para a construção de perspectivas de futuro a partir dos estudos Reinhart Koselleck e Jörn Rüsen. Ambos os países passaram por experiências semelhantes em um mesmo espaço de tempo – as Ditaduras de Segurança Nacional, o terrorismo de Estado e a prática do desaparecimento –, e o modo como esse passado é assumido como política pública interfere diretamente nas relações que se estabelece com ele. Para entender esse processo, considerou-se a análise de leis educacionais, diretrizes curriculares e práticas educativas das três últimas décadas, de modo a observar as formas de enquadramento da memória e os traços que refletem da sociedade que a produz, da cultura que circula ao seu entorno e da que regula suas práticas de uso. Ao final, ressaltam-se as relações entre memória, ensino e consciência histórica na abordagem das ditaduras e nos diálogos que propõem com o contemporâneo918249274This article approaches the relations between history and history teaching in the constructions of memories about the civil-military dictatorships of National Security in Brazil and Argentina, highlighting its potential to the understand the present and plan for the future supported by the studies of Reinhart Koselleck and Jorn Rusen. Both countries have been through similar experiences at the same time -National Security Dictatorships', state terrorism and the disappearing practice -, and the way how this past is assumed to public policy interferes in the relationship that is established with it. To understand this process, it was consider the analysis of educational laws, curriculum guidelines and education practices of the last three decades, to observe the memory framing processes and the surrounding culture. Finally, are emphasized the relations between memory, education and historical consciousness in the approaching of the dictatorships and its dialogues with the contemporarysem informaçã
Comparative cytogenetics of tree frogs of the Dendropsophus marmoratus (Laurenti, 1768) group: conserved karyotypes and interstitial telomeric sequences
No full textThe diploid number 2n = 30 is a presumed synapomorphy of Dendropsophus Fitzinger, 1843, although a noticeable variation in the number of biarmed/telocentric chromosomes is observed in this genus. Such a variation suggests that several chromosomal rearrangements took place after the evolutionary origin of the hypothetical ancestral 30-chromosome karyotype; however, the inferred rearrangements remain unknown. Distinct numbers of telocentric chromosomes are found in the two most cytogenetically studied species groups of Dendropsophus. In contrast, all three species of the Dendropsophus marmoratus (Laurenti, 1768) group that are already karyotyped presented five pairs of telocentric chromosomes. In this study, we analyzed cytogenetically three additional species of this group to investigate if the number of telocentric chromosomes in this group is not as variable as in other Dendropsophus groups. We described the karyotypes of Dendropsophus seniculus (Cope, 1868), D. soaresi (Caramaschi & Jim, 1983) and D. novaisi (Bokermann, 1968) based on Giemsa staining, C-banding, silver impregnation and in situ hybridization with telomeric probes. Dendropsophus seniculus, D. soaresi and D. novaisi presented five pairs of telocentric chromosomes, as did the remaining species of the group previously karyotyped. Though the species of this group show a high degree of karyotypic similarity, D. soaresi was unique in presenting large blocks of het-ITSs (heterochromatic internal telomeric sequences) in the majority of the centromeres. Although the ITSs have been interpreted as evidence of ancestral chromosomal fusions and inversions, the het-ITSs detected in the karyotype of D. soaresi could not be explained as direct remnants of ancestral chromosomal rearrangements because no evidence of chromosomal changes emerged from the comparison of the karyotypes of all of the species of the D. marmoratus group104753767FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informaçã