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The Effect of Healthy Lifestyle Promotion Intervention on Quality of Life in Cyclic Mastalgia via Individual Counseling: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Get PDFBackground: Despite high number of visited cases, there are no certain therapeutic guidelines for
mastalgia. Generally pain is associated with poor quality of life in all dimensions. The present study aimed
to investigate the effect of healthy lifestyle promotion intervention on the quality of life in cyclic mastalgia.
Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted on women suffering from cyclic
mastalgia at the age of 20 and older before menopausal age referred to the health centers of Karaj,Iran
from September 2017 to August 2018. The participants were randomly assigned to intervention (N=40)
and control groups (N=40). Intervention was carried out in two 46-minute sessions and two 90-minute
sessions for the intervention group. The quality of life was assessed before and after the intervention
in both groups using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). The
data were analyzed through SPSS statistical software(version 21) using independent sample t-test, Chisquare,
and Paired t-test. Besides, P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: Before the intervention, both groups were matched in terms of marital status, educational
level, occupation, history of breastfeeding, and mean scores of quality of life (P>0.05). After the
intervention, the mean score of life quality in physical, social, environmental, and general health
dimensions in the intervention group increased significantly compared to the control group (P>0.001).
This difference was not statistically significant in the mental health dimension (P=0.086).
Conclusion: The present study indicated that healthy lifestyle promotion intervention could improve
the quality of life of women with cyclic mastalgia
مقایسه اثر دهانشویه های حاوی زینک) ۱٪(، کلرهگزیدین) ۲/.٪( و پروپولیس بر شاخص های پریودنتال در کودکان تحت درمان ارتودنسی پیشگیرانه
Get PDFThe relationship between fear of hypoglycemia and sleep quality among type 2 diabetic patients
Get PDFBackground. Fear of hypoglycemia can result in anxiety, stress, anger, depression and severe avoidance
behaviors that it affects the sleep quality of diabetic
patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted
with the aim of investigating the relationship between
fear of hypoglycemia and sleep quality among type 2
diabetic patients.
Methods. The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 type 2 diabetic patients referred to endocrinology clinic of Velayat Hospital and Boali Hospital
in Qazvin, in 2019. Data were collected using a checklist
for demographic variables, the Fear of Hypoglycemia
Survey (FHS-W), and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index
(PSQI). Descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation
test were performed for data analysis using SPSS v24.
Results. In this study, the mean age of diabetic patients
was 55.75 ± 10.31. The majority of the participants
were female (n = 299, 74.8%) and were treated with
oral anti-diabetic drugs (n = 174, 43.5%). The mean
score of sleep quality in patients was 8.98 ± 3.64 and
the fear of hypoglycemia was 21.27 ± 11.92. The results of this study showed that there was a signifcant
relationship between the fear of hypoglycemia and
the poor sleep quality among patients (P < 0.001,
r = 0.305).
Conclusion. The fear of hypoglycemia has a direct and
signifcant relationship with poor sleep quality in diabetic patients; so that this fear reduces the quality of
sleep in diabetic patients. Therefore, in order to provide
adequate sleep to prevent inappropriate sleep complications, great attention should be paid to the issue of
fear of hypoglycemia, and consider some actions to
reduce this fear. (Clin Diabetol 2020; 10, 1: 149–154)
Key words: fear of hypoglycemia, sleep quality,
type 2 diabete
Ultrasound Evaluation of the Relationship between Fetal Lateral Ventricle Diameter and Biometric Parameters
Get PDFBackground: We aimed to assess the relationship between fetal lateral ventricular width and
biometric measurements with ultrasound examination.
Materials and Methods: A prospective case-control study on 178 fetuses as the control group with
lateral ventricle diameter 4-7.9 mm and 80 fetuses as the case group with lateral ventricle diameter 8-
12 mm. The study was done at Shariati hospital (Tehran, Iran), from 2015 to 2019. All patients
underwent a detailed ultrasound exam according to ISUOG guideline and biometric measurements,
including head circumference, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, femur length, humerus
length, cerebellar diameter, cisterna magna width, average ultrasound gestational age, and estimated
fetal weight was done. At least two follow-up ultrasound examinations at 26-28 weeks of gestational
age and 32-34 weeks of gestational age were performed to evaluate ventricle size, and fetuses with
lateral ventricle width above 12 mm were excluded. Then we compared fetal biometric measurements,
mentioned above, in these groups.
Results: The mean maternal age, maternal past medical history, obstetrical history, mode of
conception, fetal presentation, and fetal gender did not differ between the groups. We compared 187
patients as the control group with 80 patients as the case group at the same gestational age and gender.
The mean ventricular width in the case group was 8.6 mm, and in the control group was 5.9mm. The
study group had significantly larger head circumference, biparietal diameter, femur length, and
estimated fetal weight compared with the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The lateral ventricular width is dependent on other biometric parameters such as head
circumference, biparietal diameter, and general fetal size, and larger ventricle width is associated with
larger parameters.
Key Words: Biometric, Fetal, Cerebral Ventriculomegaly, Lateral Ventricle, Ultrasound
Occupational Difference in Association of Poor Sleep Quality and Metabolic Syndrome: Differences between Workers and Employees
Get PDFBackground. Regarding insufficient data about interaction of job in association of sleep quality with metabolic syndrome (MS), this
study has been designed to evaluate this association in workers and employees. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted
on 448 municipal staff (employee group: N = 295; worker group: N = 153) referring for periodic examinations. The
relationship between sleep quality and MS and their relevant components was investigated in both groups. Results. In the
worker group, poor sleep quality was independently associated with the risk of MS by 3.04 times (P < 0:01). Among the
components of metabolic syndrome, hypertriglyceridemia was associated with a greater number of sleep disorder
components. There was no association between metabolic syndrome and sleep quality in the employee group. Conclusion.
Poor sleep quality exerts different effects on metabolic complications in employees and workers
Monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and probabilistic health risk assessment in yogurt and butter in Iran
Get PDFThis study was conducted to determine the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) levels and health risk of yogurt and butter samples collected from Tehran using MSPE/ GC-MS (magnetic solid-phase extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The results revealed that the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were ranged from 0.040 to 0.060 and 0.121 to 0.181 μg/kg, respectively; with recoveries ranged from 86.1% to 100.3%. The highest mean of total PAHs was higher in butter (6.87 ± 1.21 μg/kg) than in yogurt (3.82 ± 0.54 μg/kg). The level of benzo (a)pyrene in all samples was lower than of standard levels of the European Union
(EU). The highest value of all PAHs in samples was recorded in the winter season and also in the expiration date. The percentile 95% of the total hazard quotient (THQ) due to the consumption of yogurt and butter recorded 1.33E-02 and 3.69E-04 in adults and 6.12E-02 and 1.75E-03 in children, respectively. The percentile of 95% incremental lifetime of cancer risk (ILCR) due to the ingestion of yogurt and butter recorded 1.17E-06 and 2.02E-08 for adults and 5.51E-06 and 9.46E-08 for children, respectively. The rank order of 7 PAHs in adult and children based on P95% Hazard Quotient (HQ) in all samples was benzo(a)anthracene (BaA) > pyrene (P) > fluorene (F) > fluoranthene (Fl) > acenaphthylene (Ace) > anthracene (A) > naphthalene (NA).
According to the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) method, health-risk assessment showed that children and adults are not at significant health risk
The effect of Ellagic acid on sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized double blind clinical trial
Get PDFBackground
Oxidative stress can reduce the quality of sleep in patients with type 2 diabetes. Antioxidants such as polyphenols may increase sleep quality by improving oxidative stress conditions.
Objective
Considering the antioxidant properties of Ellagic acid (EA), this study was designed to evaluate the effect of EA on sleep quality in diabetic patients.
Methods
In this study, 44 diabetic patients were recruited. Patients who met the inclusion criteria that were randomly allocated consumed a capsule containing 180 mg of EA per day (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric factors, physical activity, food intake, and Petersburg’s Sleep Quality (PSQI) questionnaire were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired sample t test and independent sample t test were used to analyze the data.
Results
At the end of the study, the mean scores of PSQI and sleep subgroups in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the placebo group (p 0.05).
Conclusion
According to these findings, intake of EA may help to improve the sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes. These effects may be due to the antioxidant effects of this polyphenol
Randomized double-blind clinical trial examining the Ellagic acid effects on glycemic status, insulin resistance, antioxidant, and inflammatory factors in patients with type 2 diabetes
Get PDFOxidative stress can worsen glycemic status. Considering the antioxidant properties of Ellagic acid
(EA), this study was designed to evaluate the effect of EA on glycemic indices, lipid profile,
oxidative stress, and inflammation status in type 2 diabetic patients. Overall, 44 patients were
recruited and were randomly allocated consumed 180 mg of EA per day (n = 22) or placebo (n =
22) for 8 weeks. The blood sugar (BS), insulin, insulin resistance (IR), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c),
total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein
(HDL), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), the activity of glutathione
peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α and
interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured at the beginning and end of the study. At the end of the study,
the mean of BS, insulin, IR, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL, MDA, CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 were
significantly decreased in the intervention group (p <.05). Also, the mean of TAC (+0.8 ± 0.01)
and activity of GPx (+10.26 ± 0.22) and SOD enzymes (+459.6 ± 9.76) significantly increased in
the intervention group (p <.05). EA supplementation can be helpful as a diet supplement in patients
with type 2 diabetes through improvement in chronic adverse effects
Mediated roles of generalized trust and perceived social support in the effects of problematic social media use on mental health: A cross-sectional study
Get PDFBackground: Current literature lacks evidence concerning how problematic social media use associates with mental health. To address the gap, the present study used mediation models to examine whether generalized trust and perceived social support (PSS) are potential mediators in the relationship between problematic social media use and mental health. Methods: The sample comprised Iranian adults (n = 1073; 614 females). The participants completed a number of scales to assess problematic social media use (Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale), generalized trust (Generalized Trust Scale), PSS (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, happiness (Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form), depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), and mental quality of life (Short Form-12). Results: Problematic social media use had negative effects on happiness and mental quality of life via the mediators of generalized trust (bootstrapping SE = 0.017; effect = −0.041; 95% CI = −0.079, −0.012) and PSS (bootstrapping SE = 0.023; effect = −0.163; 95% CI = −0.211, −0.119). Problematic social media use had positive effects on anxiety and depression via the mediators of generalized trust (bootstrapping SE = 0.022; effect = 0.064; 95% CI = 0.026, 0.113) and PSS (bootstrapping SE = 0.024; effect = 0.052; 95% CI = 0.009, 0.102). Conclusions: Problematic social media use, generalized trust and PSS are important factors for an individual's mental health. Health-care providers may want to assist individuals regardless of having mental health problems in reducing their problematic social media use and improving their generalized trust and social support. © 2020 The Authors. Health Expectations published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
The fear of the COVID-19 Scale: validation in the Portuguese general population
Get PDFThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is having a profound effect on mental health and it is therefore fundamental to evaluate individual psychological responses to COVID-19. The 7-item Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) assesses different aspects of the fear of coronavirus and has been applied worldwide. This study aimed to translate and validate the FCV-19S in the Portuguese population. The scale was administered to a convenience sample of 1203 Portuguese adults. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out on the initial model proposed by the authors of the FCV-19S. Further analysis revealed that the Portuguese version has good psychometric properties