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بررسی اثر ترتیب مسواک زدن و نخ دندان کشیدن بر روی کاهش پلاک بین دندانی در افراد جوان با پاپیلای سالم
Get PDFImprovement of cytotoxicity of mitoxantrone and daunorubicin by candidone, tephrosin, and bavachinin
Get PDFBackground Flavonoids have been demonstrated to have the ability of sensitizing cancer cells to chemotherapy and inverse
multidrug resistance via various mechanisms, such as modulating of pumps. The therapeutic efect of candidone, tephrosin,
and bavachinin in treatment of cancer, particularly to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) is largely unknown. The capacity of these agents in sensitization of MDR cells is investigated in the current work.
Methods and results We analyzed the impact of candidone, tephrosin, and bavachinin, as chemosensitizer on cell cytotoxicity, P-gp and ABCG2 mRNA expression level on two multidrug resistant cells, ABCG2 overexpressing human epithelial
breast cancer cell line (MCF7/MX), and P-gp overexpressing human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (EPG85.257RDB). The
inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) of daunorubicin in EPG85.257RDB cells in combination with IC10 of Bavachinin,
Tephrosin, and Candidone were 6159±948, 4186±665, 730±258 nM, and this data in MCF7/MX cell were 1773±534,
7160±405 and 3340±622 nM respectively. These three favonoids dose-dependently decreased the viability of MCF7/
MX and EPG85.257RDB and signifcantly (p<0.05) decreased IC50 of daunorubicin and mitoxantrone except Tephrosin
in MCF7/MX cells. Candidone and Bavachinin were the most potent chemosensitizer in EPG85.257RDB and MCF7/MX
cells respectively. Flavonoids did not reduce mRNA expression of P-gp and ABCG2 after 72 h treatment, except Candidone
in EPG85.257RDB and Bavachinin in MCF7/MX cells.
Conclusions This efect is not time-dependent, and favonoids have their own patterns that are cell-dependent. In general,
tephrosin, candidone, and bavachinin had the potential of sensitizing MDR cells to mitoxantrone and daunorubicin
Antiviral activity of Phoenix dactylifera extracts against herpes simplex virus type 1: an animal study
Get PDFHerbal medicines have recently been developed for the treatment of infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to
investigate the therapeutic potential of Phoenix dactylifera fruit and kernel extracts against herpes simplex virus type
1 (HSV-1) in an animal model. Five, 10, and 15% (w/w) concentrations of aqueous, ethanol, and acetone extracts of
kernel and fruit of Phoenix dactylifera were used for the formulation of cream-based drugs for the treatment of HSV-
1-infected mice. The clinical improvement was evaluated using lesion scoring and histopathological assessments.
Our results demonstrated that there is a potent antiviral activity associated with Phoenix dactylifera extract against
HSV-1 infections. Treatment with cream containing 5% Phoenix dactylifera kernel ethanol extract was observed as
the most efficient therapeutic potential to treat HSV-1-infected mice. Lesion scoring assessment and histopathological
analysis showed more effective and faster antiviral activity of this treatment than other extracts and concentrations
in comparison with the acyclovir, as the reference drug, for the treatment of HSV-1 infections. These findings suggest
that Phoenix dactylifera extract may be considered as an alternative to acyclovir and potential phototherapeutic
against HSV-1 diseases; however, randomized clinical trial studies are strongly needed to ensure the quality, safety,
and efficacy of the drug
The Sensitivity and Specificity of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and PCR Methods in Detection of Foodborne Mi-croorganisms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method is frequently used for identifying many microorganisms. The present review aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of LAMP method for detection of food-borne bacteria and to compare these features with those of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as an alterna-tive molecular diagnostic procedure, and with cultivation method, as the gold standard method.
Methods: The literature was searched in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE) for recruiting publications within Jan 2000 to Jul 2021. We used the combinations of keywords including foodborne disease, LAMP, PCR, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification, and polymerase chain reaction. Meta-analysis was used to adjust the correlation and heterogeneity between the studies. The efficiency of the methods was presented by negative likelihood ratio, positive likelihood ratio, sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratio using forest plots. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistical significance cut off. The confidence intervals were presented at the 95% interval.
Results: Overall, 23 relevant studies were analyzed. The sensitivities of LAMP and PCR methods were estimated to be 96.6% (95% CI: 95.0-97.7) and 95.6% (95%CI: 91.5-97.8), respectively. The specificities of LAMP and PCR were also estimated to be 97.6% (95%CI: 92.6-99.3) and 98.7% (95%CI: 96.5-99.5), respectively.
Conclusion: The specificities of LAMP and PCR assays were determined by comparing their results with cultiva-tion method as the gold standard. Overall, the specificity of both PCR and LAMP methods was low for detection of fastidious bacteria. Nevertheless, LAMP and PCR methods have acceptable specificities and sensitivities, and their application in clinical practice necessitates more studies.
Keywords: Food-borne pathogen; Specificity; Sensitivity; Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP); Poly-merase chain reactio
Factors Predicting Mothers intention Toward Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination of Adlescents: A cross- Sectionnal Study Among Iranian Families
No full textExpanding Protection Motivation Theory to Explain Willingness of COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake among Taiwanese University Students
Get PDFAbstract: Vaccination appears to be one of the effective strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic.
However, the challenge of vaccine hesitancy may lower the uptake rate and affect overall vaccine
efficacy. Being a low-risk group in terms of serious consequences of infection, university students
may possess low motivation to get vaccinated. Therefore, an expanded Protection Motivation Theory
(PMT) incorporating perceived knowledge, adaptive response, and maladaptive response was
proposed to investigate the COVID-19 vaccination intention among Taiwanese university students.
University students (n = 924; 575 males; mean age = 25.29 years) completed an online survey during
January to February 2021. The proposed expanded PMT model was examined using structural
equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that perceived knowledge was significantly associated
with coping appraisal (standardized coefficient (�) = 0.820; p < 0.001), and coping appraisal was
significantly associated with adaptive response (� = 0.852; p < 0.001), maladaptive response (� = 0.300;
p < 0.001) and intention (� = 0.533; p = 0.009). Moreover, maladaptive response (�
Fear During COVID-19 pandemic: Fear of COVID-19 Scale Measurement Properties
Get PDFThe emergence and development of the COVID-19 pandemic is having a toll on the mental
health of the general population, and healthcare workers around the world, often manifested in
depression, fear, stress, trauma, and anxiety (Ahorsu et al. 2020; Mamun andUllah 2020; Lee
et al, 2020). Various scales have been developed during the pandemic to measure these effects
(Ransing et al. 2020). Fear during the COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with serious
mental health consequences, such as passive suicidal ideation, alcohol and substance use, and
extreme hopelessness (Mamun and Ullah 2020). Hence, a timely and accurate assessment of
COVID-19-related fear is relevant for clinicians
Pay for performance in hospital management: A case study
Get PDFBackground: This study aims at exploring the aspects of this newly applied payment
mechanism compared with the previous ones.
Methods: A mixed qualitative and quantitative study, including a descriptive analysis of P4P
aspects compared with non-performance-based payment method and a quantitative
comparative analysis of hospital departments’ revenue and employees’ payment, was
conducted over a time period of 2013–2015.
Results: The desire to provide high-quality services and association between staff
reimbursement and some of the features, including performance, patient satisfaction, fulltime
participation at work, equity in income distribution among staff in different
occupational groups, were among the main characteristics of P4P. But in terms of nonperformance
payment system, the quantitative analysis of data affirmed no significant
correlation between the quantity of provided services, staff salary and department’s revenue.
Conclusion: It is evident that pay for performance can persuade employees to improve the
quantity and quality of rendered services with much more emphasis on achieving the health
system goals and improving patient health outcomes
ارزیابی ویژگیهاي روانسنجی مقیاس افسردگی مرگ در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان
Get PDFمقدمه و اهداف: ارزیابی دقیق افسردگی مرگ بیماران، مستلزم ابزاري اختصاصی و متناسب با فرهنگ هر جامعه است. این مطالعه با
هدف ارزیابی ویژگیهاي روانسنجی مقیاس افسردگی مرگ در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان انجام شد.
روش کار: در این مطالعه روششناختی، 246 نفر از بیماران مبتلا به سرطان پستان مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان ولایت شهر قزوین،
مقیاس 17 گویهاي افسردگی مرگ تمپلر را تکمیل کردند. ویژگیهاي روانسنجی این مقیاس با روش تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدي
مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. همچنین پایایی با استفاده از ضریب آلفاي کرونباخ، امگا و پایایی مرکب بررسی شد.
یافتهها: تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نشان داد که 6 گویه در نسخه فارسی بار عاملی لازم را کسب نکردند و حذف شدند. یازده گویه
66 درصد از واریانس این مفهوم را تبیین میکرد. در تحلیل عامل تأییدي، 11 گویه داراي شاخصهاي / باقیمانده بهصورت تکعاملی 91
(χ2 = 97.664, p < .001, χ2/df = 2.504, GFI = .932, CFI = .972, IFI = .973, TLI = برازش مناسبی بودند
0/ 0 و ضریب پایایی مرکب 96 / 0، ضریب امگاي 95 / 961 . ضریب آلفاي کرونباخ 95 , SRMR = .030, and RMSEA = .079)
نشان دهنده پایایی قابل قبول نسخه 11 گویهاي بود.
نتیجهگیري: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد مقیاس افسردگی مرگ با 11 گویه از روایی و پایایی مناسبی در بین مبتلایان به سرطان پستان
ایرانی برخوردار بود. با توجه به پارامترهاي مناسب روانسنجی، این ابزار میتواند در مطالعههاي بعدي بهمنظور ارزیابی افسردگی مرگ
بهکار گرفته شود
Sleep problems during COVID-19 pandemic and its’ association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFBackground: The emerging novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the leading cause
of deaths worldwide in 2020. The present systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the magnitude of
sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with psychological distress.
Methods: Five academic databases (Scopus, PubMed Central, ProQuest, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Embase) were
searched. Observational studies including case-control studies and cross-sectional studies were included if
relevant data relationships were reported (i.e., sleep assessed utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index or
Insomnia Severity Index). All the studies were English, peer-reviewed papers published between December
2019 and February 2021. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020181644.
Findings: 168 cross-sectional, four case-control, and five longitudinal design papers comprising 345,270 participants
from 39 countries were identified. The corrected pooled estimated prevalence of sleep problems
were 31% among healthcare professionals, 18% among the general population, and 57% among COVID-19
patients (all p-values < 0.05). Sleep problems were associated with depression among healthcare professionals,
the general population, and COVID-19 patients, with Fisher’s Z scores of -0.28, -0.30, and -0.36, respectively.
Sleep problems were positively (and moderately) associated with anxiety among healthcare
professionals, the general population, and COVID-19 patients, with Fisher’s z scores of 0.55, 0.48, and 0.49,
respectively.
Interpretation: Sleep problems appear to have been common during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover,
sleep problems were found to be associated with higher levels of psychological distress. With the use of
effective programs treating sleep problems, psychological distress may be reduced. Vice versa, the use of
effective programs treating psychological distress, sleep problems may be reduced.
Funding: The present study received no funding