Qazvin University of Medical Sciences
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بررسی چالش ها و نگرش دانشجویان دندانپزشکی دانشکده دندانپزشکی قزوین نسبت به آموزش مجازی در سال 1399
Get PDFاثربخشی اجرای توصیهنامه پرستاری انجمن بینالمللی آسیب فشاری در پیشگیری از آسیبهای فشاری ناشی از تجهیزات پزشکی در بخش مراقبت ویژه بیمارستان ولایت قزوین
Get PDFMolecular Identification of Neospora caninum Infection in Aborted Fetuses of Sheep, Cattle, and Goats in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran
Get PDFBackground: We aimed to identify Neospora caninum DNA in the brain samples of
aborted fetuses of cattle, goats, and sheep in Mazandaran, northern Iran, using PCR.
Methods: In total, 133 aborted fetuses (51 sheep, 78 cattle, and 4 goats) were randomly collected from different stages of gestation in various regions of Mazandaran,
Iran, from Mar 2016 to May 2017. The DNA was extracted from all the brain samples using phenol chloroform isoamyl alcohol instructions. The Nc-5 gene was used
for the detection of N. caninum DNA by nested-PCR assay.
Results: The detection of N. caninum DNA was confirmed by the observation of a
227 bp band in 24 samples of 133 aborted fetuses (18.1%). The highest prevalence
rate of N. caninum was detected in the cattle (20.5%) followed by the sheep (15.6%);
however, no positive cases were reported in the goats. The highest and lowest prevalence rates of the infection were reported as 23.8% and 8.6% in Qaemshahr, and
Behshahr, respectively. The prevalence rate of infection (32%) in the early gestational period was higher than those in the middle (15%) and late (3.8%) gestational periods.
Conclusion: The obtained data of the present study indicated that N. caninum infection may partly be responsible for abortion and economic loss in livestock farming in
Mazandaran Province
Investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence factor genes in Trueperella pyogenes isolated from clinical mastitis cases of dairy cows
Get PDFTrueperella pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen causing important diseases including mastitis and metritis in domestic animals such as dairy cows leading to prominent
economic losses in food production industry. The aim of this study was to investigate
bacterial species, antimicrobial susceptibility, and presence of virulence factor genes
and genotyping of T. pyogenes isolates associated with summer mastitis cases from
22 different farms around Tehran, Iran. Fifty-five percent of dairy cows with clinical
mastitis symptoms was infected by T. pyogenesis indicated that this pathogen is the
most important contributor to clinical mastitis in dairy cows in the present study. A
significant correlation was illustrated between presence of virulence factor genes
of isolated pathogen, biochemical patterns, and the utter infected types. Multidrug
resistance susceptibility observed between isolates indicated the important need
for prudent use of antimicrobials in treatment of mastitis caused by T. pyogenes and
increased concerning of consumer health associated with recent problems of antimicrobial resistance. The categorization of isolates was implemented into seven different clonal related types by COX-PCR at 80% of similarity cutoff with significance
relationship to clonal types, CAMP test result and sampling time and biochemical
profile. Regarding to the results obtained at the present study, T. pyogenes can be
considered as an important typically cause of purulent and acute form of clinical
bovine mastitis and loss of dairy productivity. Further studies with more sample size
and high-throughput omic methods in various sampling time and areas are suggested
for study of this pathogen precisely.
KEYWORDS
antimicrobial susceptibility, dairy cow, Trueperella pyogenes, virulence factor gen
Global prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis among female sex workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFTrichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI), caused by the protozoan parasite, Trichomonas vaginalis. Female sex
workers are intensely affected by the infection, since they have frequent direct physical contact. The current systematic review
and meta-analysis represents the global prevalence of T. vaginalis in female sex workers. Five databases (Science Direct, Scopus,
PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were explored for literatures that published from July 1985 to June 2020. Totally,
85 studies (54,515 participants) from 46 countries met the inclusion criteria. The global pooled prevalence of T. vaginalis was
16% (95% CI 13–19%). The estimated pooled prevalence based on methods including wet mount, culture, and molecular
techniques was 15% (95% CI 12–19%), 16% (95% CI 10–24%), and 22% (95% CI 13–32%), respectively. Moreover, the
infection was most prevalent at the mean age of 30–36 (20%, 95% CI 11–30%). Regarding the World Health Organization
(WHO) regions, the highest pooled prevalence was estimated to be in the African region (23%, 95% CI 7–46%). In addition, we
indicated that countries with low-income level have the highest pooled prevalence (23%, 95% CI 14–34%). Our results revealed
that the worldwide prevalence of T. vaginalis was significant in female sex workers. Therefore, considering a precise strategy
such as a health education program with regard to safe intercourse is needed to increase knowledge and prevent T. vaginalis
infection in sex workers.
Keywords Trichomoniasis . Worldwide epidemiology . Female sex workers . Sexually transmitted disease
Cutaneous leishmaniasis as an increasing threat for Iranian travellers attending religious ceremonies
Get PDFBackground: The Islamic Republic of Iran is one of the most important endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the
world. Annually, a large number of Iranian Shia pilgrims travel to Iraq from this area in order to participate in one of their
most important religious ceremonies. This trip has coincided with the seasonal activity of sand flies in recent years. So,
cutaneous leishmaniasis could be a serious threat for pilgrims on these trips.
Aims: To report cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis among Iranian Shia pilgrims attending a religious ceremony in Iraq
during 2017.
Methods: Sixteen patients were referred to our laboratory in the Department of Parasitology and Mycology at Qazvin
University of Medical Sciences. Dermal scrapings and stained slides prepared of skin lesions were used to morphological
diagnosis. DNA extraction and PCR amplification were optimized to identification of Leishmania species.
Results: All of the patients were infected with cutaneous leishmaniasis in microscopic survey. L. major was detected by
molecular approach. The number of lesions observed in patients were 1 (31%), 2 (25%), and ≥ 3 (44%).
Conclusions: Since a large number of Shia Muslims participate in the annual religious ceremonies, serious measures
must be taken to prevent the disease
Prevalence, Phylogroups and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Isolates from Food Products
Get PDFThe emergence of multi-drug resistant E. coli is an important matter of increasing considerable
concern to global public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, antibiotic
resistance pattern and phylogroups of E. coli isolates obtained from raw milk, vegetable salad and
ground meat samples collected from Qazvin Province (Iran). Culture-based techniques, Kirby-Bauer disk
diffusion susceptibility testing and PCR assays were used to determine the incidence rate, antimicrobial
resistance pattern and phylogenetic groups of the E. coli isolates. The E. coli isolates were highly resistant
to amoxicillin (79.1%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (70.8%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (62.5%),
tetracycline (54.1%), chloramphenicol (54.1%), nitrofurantoin (54.1%), ampicillin (45.8%), streptomycin
(45.8%), and kanamycin (33.3%); and completely susceptible to norfloxacin and azithromycin and
70.8% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant. Most E. coli isolates (46%) belonged to phylogroup A.
Novel, practical, efficient food safety control and surveillance systems of multi-drug resistant foodborne
pathogens are required to control the foodborne pathogen contamination
A systematic diagnosis of state of the art in the use of electrocoagulation as a sustainable technology for pollutant treatment: An updated review
Get PDFElectrocoagulation (EC) and electrocoagulation-flotation (ECF) are of widespread interest owing to their effectiveness
for the simultaneous abatement of a broad range of pollutants in drinking and waste waters, but their
capability can vary significantly depending on the operating conditions. The effect of operating conditions on the
performance of EC has been the subject of much debate over the last few decades. This review aims to focus on
the application of EC/ECF processes for pollutants removal under different operating conditions, emphasizing the
principal issues that compose the foundation of EC/ECF. It has been found that the current density (typically
1–20 mA/cm2), type of electrode (Al or Fe), and electrolysis time are the key process parameters that influence
performance. Although some key mechanisms of pollutant abatement in EC/ECF processes have been identified,
recent studies have begun to reveal how the underlying removal mechanisms using the EC/ECF processes depend
on the nature of pollutant. Key mechanisms of pollutant abatement include charge neutralization, reduction–
oxidation, and precipitation/co-precipitation. The development of improved or innovative cell designs, as
well as systematic modeling of EC reactors, are needed. Future research focused on hybrid technologies with
cost-effective energy supply may lead to innovative treatment options for wastewater treatment
Applying the health belief model and behavior of diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Get PDFThe patient’s belief and knowledge about his or her illness is the most important factor of disease control; the aim of present study is to perform a systematic review-based meta-analysis of health belief and its dimension’s mean score in diabetic patients. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in 2020. Data were gathered by searching the google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases from 2010 to 2020. Key words were “health belief”, “hBM”, “diabetic patients”, “diabetes mellitus”. To estimate the pooled score of health belief and its dimensions, the randomeffects meta-analysis was performed using STATA 15. The presence of heterogeneity across the studies was assessed with the i2 statistic. A forest plot was used to report the results. The mean of health belief was (3.422, 95% Ci: 3.128– –3.716) based on the fixed effect model and (3.422, 95% CI: 3.128–3.716) based on the random effect model, is the same. The strongest dimension is “perceived benefits” with an mean (3.8) and the weakest dimension is “perceived sensitivity” with an mean (3.0). Conclusions. Policymakers and decision makers in the field of hygiene and controlling non-communicable
diseases should focus on the role of patients’ awareness of their disease and try to improve it. in the meantime, the dimension of “perceived sensitivity” needs more attention. Strategies such as holding training classes and using technological infrastructure to promote this concept should be used. (Clin Diabetol 2021; 10; 2: 209–220)
Key words: health belief model, diabetic patients, systematic review, meta-analysi