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بررسی رابطه تفکر انتقادی و احساس خودکارآمدی در بین دانشجویان پزشکی و پرستاری دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین:1399 (چکیده طرح دانشجویی )
Get PDFبررسی پیشگویی کننده های افسردگی و اندوه پس از زایمان در زنان تازه زایمان کرده مراجعه کننده به مراکز جامع سلامت شهر قزوین
Get PDFEstimation of Behavioral Addiction Prevalence During COVID‑19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis
Get PDFPurpose of Review The COVID-19 pandemic changed people’s lifestyles and such changed lifestyles included the potential
of increasing addictive behaviors. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of different
behavioral addictions (i.e., internet addiction, smartphone addiction, gaming addiction, social media addiction, food
addiction, exercise addiction, gambling addiction, and shopping addiction) both overall and separately.
Recent Findings Four databases (PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and ProQuest) were searched. Peer-reviewed
papers published in English between December 2019 and July 2022 were reviewed and analyzed. Search terms were selected
using PECO-S criteria: population (no limitation in participants’ characteristics), exposure (COVID-19 pandemic), comparison
(healthy populations), outcome (frequency or prevalence of behavioral addiction), and study design (observational
study). A total of 94 studies with 237,657 participants from 40 different countries (mean age 25.02 years; 57.41% females).
The overall prevalence of behavioral addiction irrespective of addiction type (after correcting for publication bias) was
11.1% (95% CI: 5.4 to 16.8%). The prevalence rates for each separate behavioral addiction (after correcting for publication
bias) were 10.6% for internet addiction, 30.7% for smartphone addiction, 5.3% for gaming addiction, 15.1% for social media
addiction, 21% for food addiction, 9.4% for sex addiction, 7% for exercise addiction, 7.2% for gambling addiction, and 7.2%
for shopping addiction. In the lockdown periods, prevalence of food addiction, gaming addiction, and social media addiction
was higher compared to non-lockdown periods. Smartphone and social media addiction was associated with methodological
quality of studies (i.e., the higher the risk of boas, the higher the prevalence rate). Other associated factors of social media
addiction were the percentage of female participants, mean age of participants, percentage of individuals using the internet
in country, and developing status of country. The percentage of individuals in the population using the internet was associated
with all the prevalence of behavioral addiction overall and the prevalence of sex addiction and gambling addiction.
Gaming addiction prevalence was associated with data collection method (online vs. other methods) that is gaming addiction
prevalence was much lower using online methods to collect the data.
Summary Behavioral addictions appeared to be potential health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare providers
and government authorities should foster some campaigns that assist people in coping with stress during COVID-19
pandemics to prevent them from developing behavioral addictions during COVID-19 and subsequent pandemics
The Global Prevalence of Diphyllobothrium in Dogs, and Cats: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Get PDFBackground: Fish tapeworms of the genus Diphyllobothrium are pseudophyllidean
cestodes transmitted through the consumption of raw or inadequately cooked fish.
Objective: The current systematic review and meta-analysis aim to estimate the global
prevalence of Diphyllobothrium in dogs and cats based on published literature.
Methods: Multiple English databases (PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, and
Google Scholar) were explored for relevant papers published until December 2021.
Findings: Among the 37 studies that were included, 32 documented Diphyllobothrium
infection in dogs and five in cats. The pooled prevalence (95% confidence interval) was
0.060% (0.030%-0.100%). The analysis based on country showed that the highest pooled
prevalence in dogs and cats was observed in Bangladesh (0.250%, 0.149%-0.366%) and
Indonesia (0.254%, 0.182%-0.333%), respectively. Based on the continent, Africa (0.109%,
0.017%-0.264%) and Asia (0.060%, 0%-0.345%) were the most common regions for
infection in dogs and cats, respectively. Among different diagnostic methods, the highest
pooled prevalence was related to molecular (0.661%, 0.573%-0.743%) and parasitological
techniques (0.041%, 0%-0.217%) for dogs and cats’ studies, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings show the importance of establishing a prevention and control
measure focused on improving regular deworming and enhancing awareness of parasitic
zoonotic diseases to minimize the transmission risk
The Impact of Late Secondary Hyperparathyroidism on Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Longitudinal Study
Get PDFBackground: Adverse effects of high parathormone hormone (PTH) in critical illness have been
described in some studies.
Objective: The relationship between high PTH levels with mortality in hospitalized patients
with COVID-19 was evaluated in the present study.
Methods: A total of 123 patients were included in the study. The patients were evaluated in phase
1 (on admission) and phase 2 (days 4-6 of hospitalization). The patients were categorized into
four groups based on the PTH status in both phases: normal PTH1
/normal PTH2
(group 1), high
PTH1
/normal PTH2 (group 2), high PTH1
/high PTH2
(group 3), and normal PTH1
/high PTH2
(group 4). The multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the independent
association of late hyperparathyroidism with mortality. After excluding ineligible participants,
115 patients in phase 1 and 96 patients in phase 2 (days 4-6 of hospitalization) were evaluated.
Findings: The level of phase 2 PTH in non-survivors was significantly higher than in survivors
(57.5±40.9 pg/mL vs. 27.6±16.2 pg/mL, P=0.001). The mortality rate was significantly
higher in high-PTH groups in phase 2 compared to normal-PTH groups in this phase (50%
and 42.9% in groups 3 and 4 vs. 6.6% and 18.2% in PTH groups 1 and 2, respectively,
P=0.007). Late hyperparathyroidism was associated with 11.4 times higher mortality risk
(95% CI: 2.3-56.1, P=0.003).
Conclusion: Late hyperparathyroidism remained a significant predictor of mortality after
adjusting for the main PTH secretion modulators and disease severity. Late hyperparathyroidism
is an independent and strong risk facto
A quantitative prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 in different food samples using real-time qPCR method
Get PDFEscherichia coli serogroup O157 is the main causative agent of several intestinal and
extra-intestinal foodborne diseases in humans through consumption of low-dose contaminated foods such as milk, beef, and vegetables. To date, studies regarding the
quantitative prevalence of E. coli O157 in foods are so limited. Therefore, this study
aimed to evaluate the quantitative prevalence rate of E. coli serogroup O157 in raw
milk (n = 144), vegetable salad (n = 174), and minced beef samples (n = 108) using
the real-time qPCR SYBR green melting curve method targeting the rfbA gene. First,
we evaluated the method and found a sensitive and specific qPCR assay with 1 log
of CFU/ml detection limit to detect E. coli O157 (Tm = 80.3 ± 0.1°C). About 2.77%,
10.18%, and 9.19% of raw milk, minced beef, and vegetable salad samples, respectively, were contaminated with E. coli O157. Minced beef and vegetable salad samples
were significantly more contaminated than raw milk samples. Population average of
E. coli O157 in raw milk, minced beef, and vegetable salad samples were 2.22 ± 0.57,
3.30 ± 0.40, and 1.65 ± 0.44 log CFU/ml or gr, respectively. Significantly higher levels
of population of E. coli O157 were observed in minced beef samples. Minced beef can
be regarded as the main food in the transmission of this foodborne pathogen. Routine
quantitative rapid monitoring is strongly suggested to be carried out to prevent foodborne diseases caused by E. coli O157
تأثیر مداخله آموزشی مبتنی بر تلفن همراه بر ارتقای سطح فعالیت جسمانی در زنان خانه¬دار: کاربرد مدل رویکرد فرایند اقدام بهداشتی
Get PDFمقایسه معایب و مزایای سه روش ایجاد پنوموپریتوئن با سوزن ورس ،ویزی پورت و تکنیک هاسون در بیماران کاندید ای کله سیستیتکتومی لاپاراسکوپیک در بیمارستان ولایت قزوین
Get PDFچکیده فارسی
مقدمه:
کولـــه سیســـتکتومی لاپاروسکوپیک روشـی مطمـ ئن و قابـل قبـول بـراي درمـان کوله سیستیت میباشد. امروزه روش های جراحی با تهاجم کمتر (لاپاراسکوپی) در جراحی کیسه صفرا با انواع تکنیک های ایجاد پنوموپریتوئن شامل : روش هاسون - سوزن ورس و ویزی پورت باتروکار اپتیکال انجام می شود.
هدف:
در این مطالعه مقایسه معایب و مزایای سه روش ایجاد پنوموپریتوئن با سوزن ورس-ویزی پورت-تکنیک هاسون در بیماران کاندید ای جراحی کله سیستیتکتومی لاپاراسکوپیک بررسی شد.
مواد و روش ها:
این مطالعه به صورت کارازمایی بالینی دوسوکور انجام شد که بیماران بصورت رندوم به سه گروه A-B-C تقسیم شده ،تحت بیهوشی عمومی قرار گرفته و توسط یم جراح یکی از سه روش سوزن ورس ، هاسون و ویزی پورت برای ایجاد پنوموپریتوئن در انها استفاده شد و بعد از پایان, زمان لازم در ایجاد پنوموپریتوئن ,میزان گاز مصرفی برای ایجاد پنوموپریتوئن و برای ایجاد فشار کلی 12 میلیمتر جیوه در هر 15 دقیقه , عوارض حین عمل وسپس و بعد از یک هفته مجدد بیماران از لحاظ عوارض زودرس (اکیموز عفونت درد محل عمل ) و 3 ماه بعد جهت بررسی هرنی محل عمل معاینه شدند.
نتایج:
در این مطالعه شاخص زمان ورود تروکار اول حین شروع جراحی لاپاراسکوپی، ویزی پورت با میانگین و انحراف معیار زمان : 19.36±4.24 دقیقه، روش ورس : 31.6±7.23 دقیقه و روش هانسون : 52.18±6.78 دقیقه ،که این ارتباط از نظر اماری معنادار بود (P≤0.003 ) . شاخص زمان لازم در ایجاد پنوموپریتوئن با ویزی پورت با میانگین و انحراف معیار زمان : 13.49±8.82 دقیقه ، روش ورس: 88.26±7.73 دقیقه و روش هانسون : 11.17 ±2.44دقیقه که این ارتباط از نظر اماری معنادار بود (P≤0.000 ) . شاخص میزان حجم گاز CO2 جریانی در هر 15 دقیقه در طول جراحی در ویزی پورت با میانگین و انحراف معیار: 48.26±7.64لیتر گاز CO2، روش ورس: 33.72±7.84 لیتر و روش هانسون : 31.29±8.11 CO2لیتر مصرف شد که این ارتباط از نظر اماری معنادارنشد (P≤0.124 ) .
نتیجه گیری:
بر اساس یافته های مطالعه، می توان نتیجه گرفت که، روش هانسون نسبت به روش ویزی پورت و ورس ،بسیار سریعتر و در زمان کمتری جراح پروسه جراحی را هندل می کند و برای بیماران ارزانتر تمام می شود هرچند زمان بستری را نیز نسبت به دو روش دیگر کاهش می دهد وخطر بروز عوارض نیز در روش هانسون کمتر دیده شد .پس این مطالعه بیانگر مناسب بودن روش هانسون است .
کلمات کلیدی: پنوموپریتوئن ،سوزن ورس ،ویزی پورت ، تکنیک هاسون وکله سیستیتکتومی لاپاراسکوپی
Prediction of Vesicoureteral Reflux by Ultrasonography and Renal Scan in Children
Get PDFBackground. In recent studies, renal ultrasonography and dimercapto-succinic acid (DMSA) scan have a role in
predicting vesicoureteral reflux in children with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). Materials and Methods. Sensitivity,
specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and
negative likelihood ratio (NLR) were defined for ultrasonography and DMSA scan to predict vesicoureteral reflux
in 70 children with febrile UTI. Results. Renal ultrasonography sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, PLR, and NLR
for vesicourethral reflux prediction was 0.57, 0, 1, 0, 0.57, and 0.47 and sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, PLR,
and NLR of DMSA scan for predicting vesicourethral reflux was 0.75, 0.9, 0.33, 0.98, 7.5, and 0.27, respectively.
Conclusions. Ultrasonography cannot predict the presence of VUR, but DMSA scan has a good sensitivity in this
context. Therefore, by observation of DMSA scan results, it can be decided whether to perform VCUG or not.
Keywords
urinary tract infection, diagnostic imaging, vesicoureteral reflux, ultrasonography, 99m Tc DMS
Family clustering of SARS-CoV-2 in Qazvin, Northwest of Iran
Get PDFBackground: Human infection affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been recognized as
a global health concern. We report the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with a familial cluster from Qazvin province (located in the northwest of Iran).
f SARS-CoV-2
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 332 hospitalized patients that were confirmed SARS-CoV-2 diseases with laboratory-based (PT-PCR) test in Qazvin p ovince, Iran. Having family infection transmission and subsequently, family clustering of SARS-COV-2 disease was assessed with the Generalized Estimating Equation model in patients.
Results: Crude odds ratio estimates of creating family clustering of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 0. 47 times [95% CI: 0.23, 0.98, p=0.045] less for female compared to the males; 2.26 [95% CI: 1.11, 4.58, p=0.024] and 2.69 [95% CI: 1.47, 4.93, p=0.001] for SARS-CoV-2 patients that had digestive and muscle pain in comparison with those did not this mentioned symptoms, respectively.
1.52 [95% CI: 1.05, 2.23, p=0.024] for pa ients with a longer hospitalization compar d with patients that had shorter duration of hospitalization and adjusted odds ratio estimates were 2.13 [95% CI: 1.12, 4.03, p=0.020] for patients who receive public health services in comparison those did not receive public health services.
Conclusion: Our findings confirm the person-to-person transmission of this novel coronavirus in family settings and hospitals, and the reports of infected travelers in other geographical regions. Major gaps in our knowledge about the potential factors in creating family clustering of SARS-CoV-2 infection, epidemiology, duration of human transmission and etc. need fulfillment by future studies.
Keywords: Epidemiology, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Family Clustering, Close Contact , Ira