Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Gizi
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KAJIAN PROPORSI SARI NANAS DAN KONSENTRASI STARTER TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK KEFIR NANAS
Full text linkPineapple especially Queen variety is tropical fruit that is widely cultivated in various regions in Indonesia. Kefir grain is a culture that contains Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), Acetic Acid Bacteria and yeast. This study aims to determine the proportion of pineapple juice and concentration of starter on chemical and sensory properties of pineapple kefir. The experiental design used Randomized Block Design with factorial design that is proportion of pineapple juice that include pineapple juice N0 (without adding water), N1 (1:1) and N2 (1:2) and so the concentration of starter (1% (v/v) and 10% (v/v)). Each treatment repeated 4 times. Chemical parameters tested include total dissolved solids, vitamin C and alcohol content, while sensory parameters include the level of preference for color, aroma, taste and sparkling impression. Analysis of total yeast and LAB in kefir is use as supporting data. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Varians) at α = 5% and if there was a significant difference, then it continued by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) test to determine which level of treatment that give significant differences. Higher pineapple juice increase total dissolved solids, vitamin C and alcohol content and increase and preference for colour, aroma, taste and sparkling impression. Higher starter concentrations descrease total dissolved solids and increase between vitamin C and alcohol content, descrease preference of aroma, taste and sparkling impression. The best treatment was pineapple juice without adding water (N0) and starter 1% with total value 0,95
PENGARUH SUHU PENYIMPANAN DAN PROPORSI TEH HIJAU: BUBUK DAUN KERING STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN MINUMAN TEH HIJAU STEVIA DALAM KEMASAN BOTOL PLASTIK
Full text linkTea is a product that is often consumed with hot brewed and drink with the addition of sugar. Aternative substitution for sucrose is stevia sweetener. Green tea stevia beverages will be packaged in PET plastic into ready to drink products. This research is done to determine the effect of storage temperature and proportion of green tea: stevia dried leaf powder (Stevia rebaudiana) on antioxidant activity of green tea stevia beverage in plastic bottle packaging. The design of the study is a Randomized Block Design (RBD) factorial design with two factors. Factors that will be examined are differences in proportion of green tea stevia dried leaves powder which consist of five levels (100:0, 92:8, 84:16, 76:24, and 68:32 (w/w) in one gram sample) and storage temperature consists of two levels (refrigerator temperature (4-5°C) and room temperature (25-27°C)). The result showed that there where difference effect of total phenol, total flavonoid, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, iron ion reducing power on green tea stevia beverage. Total phenols, total flavonoids, iron ion reducing power, and DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity are 70.24-130.60 mg GAE/100 ml; 10.28-14.25 mg CE/100 ml; 27.38-95.24 mg GAE/100 ml; and 77.73-91.99 %. Total phenols, total flavonoids, iron ion reducing power, and DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity during storage at room temperature are 6.9759.71 mg GAE/100 ml; 2.71-10.44 mg CE/100 ml; 2.09-37.91 mg GAE/100 ml; and 38-65.84 %. Total phenols, total flavonoids, iron ion reducing power, and DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity during storage at refrigerator temperature are 28.13-104.13 mg GAE/100 ml; 4.95-42.56 mg CE/100 ml; 2.09-37.91 mg GAE/100 ml; and 42.52-70.63 %
PENGARUH PROPORSI GULA PASIR DAN GULA AREN PADA KARAKTERISTIK CREAMCHEESE CAKE SETELAH SATU MINGGU PENYIMPANAN BEKU
Full text linkCreamcheese cake is an innovation of chiffon cake that has sweet taste, soft, light, soft texture and moist characteristics. Creamcheese cake stored in a frozen storage will have a tougher texture and more rough. Tough and rough texture is influenced by sugar, so it needs to be added alternative ingredients to improve creamcheese cake texture. Palm sugar is a tradisional sugar that can be used as an ingredient in cakes. Palm sugar contains invert sugar more than sugar, so creamcheese cake still has a soft texture and moist. The proportion of sugar and palm sugar can be affected in several factors of creamcheese cake, including the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of creamcheese cake product. The methodology of this research is a randomized block design (RBD) with one factor, that is the proportion of sugar and palm sugar (P), which consists of seven levels 100%:0% (P1), 95%:5% (P2); 90%:10% (P3); 85%:15% (P4); 80%:20% (P5); 75%:25% (P6); dan 70%:30% (P7) of sugar used. Repetition of the experiments are carried out four times. The proportion of sugar and palm sugar effected the water content, specific volume, texture (hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, springiness), color, and organoleptics (color, taste, softness, moistness, pore uniformity). The increasing of the proportion of palm sugar could increase the value of water content, hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, redness and decrease the value of specific volume and lightness, yellowness, and chroma. The best treatment that determined by spider web method in creamcheese cake is the proportion of sugar and palm sugar 95%: 5% which had moisture content value 34.59%,specific volume 1.7381 cm3 / g, hardness 1457.684 g, cohessiveness 0.311, Gumminess 455.048, springiness 0.527 g, and favorite panelist level of taste parameter 6.6444, color 6.222, softness 7.2000, moistness 6.8667, and pore uniformity 6.9111 with score 1-9 as standard, creamcheese cake with the proportion of sugar and palm sugar 100%: 0% is considered as control
PENGARUH PROPORSI TOMAT DAN PULP KULIT PISANG KEPOK TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK LEATHER TOMAT-PULP KULIT PISANG KEPOK
Full text linkTomatoes are one of agricultural commodities that have high economic value and produced throughout the year. Tomatoes production year to year always increase and reached 950.385 ton in 2011. Number of tomatoes products is still very limited providing opportunities utilization of tomatoes into fruit leather products. Fruit leather containing 10-15% of water in a form of thin sheet that can be rolled. The quaskin pulp lity of good fruit leather is plasticy, elastic, and has a good gel form of which is determined by some components especially pectin, sugar and acid. Tomato leather which is produced with 100% tomato can not form a solid gel because pectin content in tomato is 4,63%. Therefore pectin from saba banana skin pulp is added to get a good result of it. Saba banana skin pulp has a high pectin content. Pectin content in saba banana skin pulp is 5,5%. The research design used was Randomized Group Design consisting one factor which is the proportion of tomatoes and saba banana skin pulp (100%:0%; 90%:10%; 80%:20%; 70%:30%; 60%:40%; 50%:50%). The parameters analyzed include physicochemical properties (moisture content, aw, texture (flexibility), pH, and colour) and the organoleptic properties (preference for texture, colour, and flavor). The proportion use of tomato increased moisture content, texture (gel strenght), on the other hand decreasing pH, lightness, redness, and yellowness of leather. The best proportion of tomato and banana skin pulp was at 70:30 which had pH 3.38, moisture content 11.79%, texture (gel strenght) 1.12 kg, lightness 43.8, redness 28.01, yellowness 18.9 with sensory scores of flavor, color, and texture were 5.2, 5.95, and 5 respectively with score 1-7
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI AGAR BATANG TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK SELAI MURBEI HITAM (Morus nigra L.) LEMBARAN
Full text linkMulberry jam sheet is modified product from jam with the addition of gelling agent such as sugar as sweetening and preservative agent also agar bar and carrageenan as gelling agent. Mulberry jam sheet was more practice in form and size which has been adapted with sliced form of bread compared with normal jam. Production of mulberry jam sheet needs addition of gelling agent to form solid texture. The addition of agar bar can affects mulberry jam sheet’s characteristics, therefore it was necessary to study the effect of the concentration of agar bar. The methodology of this research was a randomized block design (RBD) with one factor, that was the concentration of agar bar (P), which consists of six levels 0.6% (P1); 0.8% (P2); 1.0% (P3); 1.2% (P4); 1.4% (P5); dan 1.6% (P6) of mulberry puree used. Repetition of the experiments are carried out four times. Difference concentration of addition agar bar affect moisture content, texture (hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness), and texture organoleptic parameter. Increasing concentration of agar bar caused a decreased of moisture content, syneresis level, and lightness also increased of hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness. Increasing agar bar concentration was not affect antioxidant activity also taste and color organoleptic. The color of mulberry jam sheet was purple-black. Best treatment of mulberry jam sheet was addition of 1% agar bar which had moisture content 30.48%, hardness 845.379 g, adhesiveness -914.791 g.s, cohesiveness 0,917, also sensory score taste 5.0160, color 4.9721, and texture 5.5966 with score 1-7 as standart
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN PROPORSI TEPUNG UBI JALAR UNGU DAN TEPUNG BERAS MERAH TERHADAP SIFAT FLAKES
Full text linkFlakes products are consumed in the morning as breakfast because its preparation is very easy and only needs short period of time. The usage of purple sweet potato flour and red rice flour is to increase the economic value, besides the two ingredients have benefits for our body. Both materials have carbohydrates as a source of energy, dietary fibers, and anthocyanin that acts as antioxidants. The aim of this research was to study the effect of different proportions of purple sweet potato flour and red rice flour on chemical properties of flakes. The experimental design was Randomized Block Design with one factor, namely purple sweet potato flour and red rice flour proportions consisted of six levels including 100:0; 80:20; 60:40; 40:60; 20:80; 0:100% b/b with four replications. Chemical characteristics that were analyzed were moisture content, antioxidant activity by DPPH assay, dietary fiber content, and phenolic content. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance at α = 5%. If the ANOVA test showed a significant effect, data would be analyzed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at α = 5% to determine the level of treatment that gave a significant difference, continued with making a spider web graph to determine the treatment with the highest chemical characteristics. Differences in the proportion of purple sweet potato flour: red rice flour significantly effected the phenolic content, antioxidant activity by DPPH assay, and dietary fiber content. The results of the study on flakes was 4.25-5.71% moisture content, 390.469-886.406 mg GAE/100 g sample phenolic content, 52.26-65.24% antioxidant activity, and 9.47-13.86% dietary fiber content. The best treatment was the proportion of 100:0 purple sweet potato flour: red rice flour
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI AGAR TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK SELAI LEMBARAN APEL ANNA DAN ROSELLA
Full text linkAnna apple and rosella jam is defined as jam which is made from sugar, Anna apple, and rosella. This product has a potential to be developed in slice form. The benefits of Anna apple and rosella jam slice are more practical to prepare, carry, stored, and minimize the risk of food contamination. Anna apple and rosella jam slice has compact texture, glossy and is not sticky on its package. Addition of hydrocolloid like agar is solution to get the desired slice jam characteristics. Use of agar can affect physicochemical and organoleptic Anna apple and rosella jam slice, therefore a research is needed to know the effects of agar’ s concentration. The methodology of this research was a randomized block design (RBD) with one factor, that is the concentration of agar (P), which consists of six levels 0.6% (P1); 0.7% (P2); 0.8% (P3); 0.9% (P4); 1.0% (P5); and 1.1% (P6) of Anna apple rosella pure. Repetition of the experiments were carried out four times. Agar concentration difference affected moisture content, pH, hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, and organoleptic score (firmness). Higher concentration of agar caused a declined on moisture content and syneresis level, on the other hand hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and pH increased. Anna apple and rosella jam slice color was purplish red (L between 26.6-27.4; a* between 2.5-3.1; b* between 0.2-0.6; C between 2.5- 3.0; dan °h between 5.3-11.0°). Best concentration of agar was 1.0% which had moisture content 39.30%, pH 3.69, hardness score 965.221 g, cohesiveness 0.346, adhesiveness score -554.336 g.s, phenolic content 1183.6163 mg GAE/100 g, with sensory score of taste 4.9847, color 5.4659, and firmness 5.5306 with standard score 1-7
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PERENDAMAN KALSIUM LAKTAT TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA MASHED SWEET POTATO POWDER
Full text linkThe shortcomings of mashed sweet potato powder are low rehydration strength, and is sticky after being rehydrated, so there is a need to add calcium lactate. Calcium lactate is a food additive that is flavourless and functions as a texture former and thickening agent. Ca2+ ions will bind the polysaccharides, forming an egg box which can bind water, improving rehydration and reducing free water in the product so that it does not becomes sticky. The study design used is non-factorial RBD (randomized block design). Other factors studied were concentration of calcium lactate consisting of 7 (seven) standards of treatment in the form of 0% (w/v); 0,25% (w/v); 0,50% (w/v); 0,75% (w/v); 1% (w/v); 1,25% (w/v); 1,5% (w/v), with a repetition rate of 4 (four) times. Parameters tested include the physiochemical nature: water content, αw, colour, and water absorption. Data was analysed by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) at α = 5% then continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test at α = 5% to determine which treatment has a significant difference. An increase in calcium lactate concentration significantly affects water content, aw, water absorption, and colour (lightness, redness, yellowness, and hue) but has no significant effect on chroma. Higher calcium lactate usage will lower water content, aw, yellowness, hue scores but raise lightness, redness, and water absorption. Results showed the best treatment is calcium lactate concentration of 1% with a water content of 7,74%, aw 0,52, water absorption 440,00%, lightness 74,97, redness 12,28, yellowness 26,23, chroma 28,78 and hue 64,92
PENGARUH PROPORSI TAPIKOKA DAN TEPUNG BERAS MERAH TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK KERUPUK BERAS MERAH
Full text linkABSTRACT
Diversification of red rice processing can increase utilization and consumption of red rice. Preliminary processing into flour can facilitate subsequent processing. One way of using the red rice flour is processing them into crackers. Crackers is a snack that has been known by Indonesian for a long time. The main material of crackers is tapioca that is replaced with red rice flour in this study. Substitution of tapioca with red rice flour affects the physicochemical (water content, expansion volume, level of hardness, color, oil absorption, and crude fiber content) and organoleptic properties (color, flavor, and crispness) of red rice crackers. The design of the study is a single randomized group design, spesifically proportion of tapioca and red rice flour which is made up of six levels of treatment, 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. Each level is repeated four times. The results showed that proportion of tapioca and red rice flour significantly affect the water content of raw and fried crackers, expansion volume, hardness, color (lightness, redness, yellowness), oil absorption, crude fiber content, and organoleptic properties of red rice crackers (color, flavor, and crispness). The higher substitution rate of tapioca with red rice flour, the lower the moisture content of raw crackers, expansion volume, oil absorption, lightness of raw and fried crackers, and panelists preference (color), and the higher hardness, water content of fried crackers, redness, yelowness, and crude fiber content. The best treatment based on organoleptic properties is crackers with 20% substitution of red rice flour
PENGARUH JENIS GULA DAN KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK THE HIJAU TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA, VIABILITAS BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT, DAN ORGANOLEPTIK YOGURT NON FAT
Full text linkYogurt is a fermented milk product which utilizes two kinds of lactic acid bacteria, Streptococcus thermophillus (ST) dan Lactobacillus bulgaricus (LB). Utilization of another kind of sugar such as isomalt, which has lower amount of calories compared to sucrose, may be used as an alternative sweetener in yogurt product. Addition of green tea extract is expected to act as natural colorant and aroma and flavor enhancer. The research used experimental design of Randomized Block Design (RBD) nested with two factors: the type of sugar and green tea extract concentrastion with 4 replications. The parameters observed are pH acidity, syneresis, total of lactic acid bacteria, and organoleptic properties (preferences of taste, aroma, and color). The data obtained were statistically analyzed by ANOVA test (Analysis of Variance) at α=5% and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test to determine the level of treatment which has significant difference. The selection of the best treatment is done by Effectiveness Index test. The use of different types of sugar have no significant effect on pH, acidity, syneresis, and total lactic acid bacteria (BAL), while the difference in the concentration of green tea extract was significantly different to acidity, syneresis, and total lactic acid bacteria. Differences in the concentration of green tea extract with isomalt resulted in increasing acidity, syneresis, and total lactic acid bacteria. Utilization of sucrose resulted significant difference in 15% green tea extract concentraion. The use of sucrose has higher acceptability compared to isomalt. Taste properties between sugar and isomalt yogurt is significantly different, while aroma and color is insignificant, which isomalt is in 'rather liked' category. 20% concentration of green tea extract is concluded to be the best treatment, with properties of sucrose-utilized yogurt are 4.532 pH, 0.70% acidity, 5.09% syneresis, 9.4605 log cfu/mL Total Plate Count (TPC), while properties of isomalt yogurt are 4.508 pH, 0.81% acidity, 8.44% syneresis, 9.8743 log cfu / mL TPC