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Estimasi Parameter Genetik Bobot Badan dan Ukuran Tubuh Sapi Madura pada Umur 205 Hari
Full text linkABSTRACT. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menduga (estimasi) nilai heritabilitas, korelasi genetik, nilai pemuliaan berdasarkan bobot sapih dan ukuran tubuh pada sapi Madura umur 205 hari di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pembibitan Ternak dan Kesehatan Hewan sapi Madura Pamekasan. Materi yang digunakan terdiri dari catatan produksi sapi Madura kelahiran tahun 2014 sampai 2020. Jumlah sapi Madura yang digunakan adalah 96 ekor (46 ekor jantan dan 50 ekor betina) yang berasal dari 18 ekor pejantan. Data dianalisis menggunakan koreksi umur bobot badan umur 205 hari, nilai heritabilitas, nilai pemuliaan, korelasi genetik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai heritabilitas umur 205 hari termasuk dalam kategori sedang hingga tinggi yaitu 0,400,44 (TP), 0,380,43 (LD), 0,290,39 (BSB), dan 0,820,62 (PB). Nilai korelasi genetik bobot sapih dengan tinggi badan, panjang badan, dan lingkar dada ialah 0,17; 0,08; dan 0,017. Ranking nilai pemuliaan tertinggi pada bobot sapih, tinggi pundak, dan panjang badan sapi Madura umur 205 hari terdapat pada pejantan Adikara dengan nilai berturut-turut sebesar 2,53; 0,92; 3,98, sedangkan untuk lingkar dada NP tertinggi terdapat pada pejantan 684 dengan nilai sebesar 3,25. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini ialah pejantan sapi Madura yang memiliki nilai positif pada semua variabel yang diamati di UPT Pembibitan dan Kesehatan Hewan Provinsi Jawa Timur ialah pejantan Adikara dan pejantan 934. Sehingga pejantan tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai pejantan unggul untuk meningkatkan mutu genetik sapi Madura.(Estimation of genetic parameters of body weight and body measurement of Madura cattle at 205 days) ABSTRAK. This research purposes to analyze the heritability value, genetic correlation, breeding value and rank correlation of breeding value based on body weight and body measurement at 205 days old of Madura cattle in UPT Pamekasan Cattle Breeding and Animal Health. The material used consisted of production records of Madura cattle born from 2014 to 2020. The number of Madura cattle used was 96 heads (46 males and 50 females) from 18 bulls. Data on weaning weight were corrected to 205 days of age. Heritability values were calculated using analyses of variance with paternal half sib correlation model. The results showed that the heritability values of 205 days old were included in the medium category for shoulder height (0.400.44), chest girth (0.380.43), body weight (0.290.39), and the high category for body length (0.820.62). The genetic correlation values of body weight with shoulder height, body length, and chest girth were 0.17, 0.08, and 0.017. The highest breeding value for body weight, shoulder height, and body length of Madura cattle aged of 205 days was found in Adikara bull with consecutive values of 2.53, 0.92, 3.98, while the highest breeding value for chest girth was found in 684 bull with a value of 3.25. The conclusion in this study is that the bulls of Madura cattle who have positive values in all variables observed at the UPT Breeding and Animal Health of the East Java Province are the bulls of Adikara and 934. So these bulls can be used as superior bulls to improve the genetic quality of Madura cattle
Geographic Analysis of Distribution and Development of Goat Farms
Full text linkThis study investigates the distribution and development of goat farms in Limapuluh Kota District with two main objectives: (a) to map the spatial distribution and development areas of goat farms, and (b) to enhance the capacity of the goat population within the district. Spatial analysis was conducted using ArcGIS 10.9, Location Quotient, and Shift Share Analysis to identify key areas for goat farm distribution and development. The capacity of livestock populations was evaluated through the CIRP method using Microsoft Excel, based on potential land resources. Secondary data from 2017 to 2021 on goat farm production was sourced from the Livestock and Animal Health Service Office and BPS Limapuluh Kota. Results indicated that goat farms are primarily concentrated in the Harau, Suliki, and Bukit Barisan Districts, while the Mungka, Payakumbuh, Guguak, Lareh Sago Halaban, and Kapur Sembilan Districts are identified as development areas. The Situjuh Limo Nagari, Luak, Akabiluru, and Pangkalan Koto Baru Districts are classified as consolidation areas, and the Gunuang Omeh District serves as a supporting area. The analysis highlights that 13 districts have potential for boosting the goat population, whereas Situjuh Limo Nagari and Guguak are categorized in the low group due to their goat population being below the threshold of 200 LU
Pengaruh Serbuk Teh Hijau Sebagai Pakan Aditif terhadap Performa Domba Betina yang Diinfeksi Strongyles
Full text linkABSTRAK. Serbuk teh hijau merupakan salah satu bahan aditif yang dapat ditambahkan ke dalam pakan ternak yang dapat berfungsi sebagai anthelmintik dalam mengurangi infeksi cacing dan meningkatkan kualitas pakan bagi ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai dosis serbuk teh hijau terhadap konsumsi pakan dan pertambahan bobot badan domba betina yang diinfeksi Strongyles Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Lapangan Ternak Domba dan Kesehatan Hewan, Jurusan Peternakan, Polbangtan, Bogor pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2021. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari tiga perlakuan tingkat pemberian serbuk teh hijau, yaitu P0= 0%, P1= 0,75%, P2= 1,5% dari bahan kering ransum, dengan enam ulangan untuk setiap perlakuannya sehingga total ternak adalah 18 ekor. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam. Parameter yang diukur meliputi konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian serbuk teh hijau 1,5% (P2) dalam pakan domba betina tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, tinggi pundak, tinggi pinggang, lebar pinggul, pertambahan bobot badan, panjang badan, lingkar dada, dan lebar dada domba yang diinfeksi, namun dapat menekan penurunan bobot badan yang diakibatkan oleh parasit cacing.(The effect of green tea dust as a feed additive on performance ewes infected by strongyles)ABSTRACT. Green tea dust is one of feed additives that can be added to animal diet which can function as an anthelmintic in reducing worm infections and improving the performance of the livestock. This study aimed to determine the effect of various doses of green tea dust supplementation on dry matter intake (DMI, g/kg DM), average daily gain (ADG, g/kg DM), and body measurements(cm) of ewes infected with Strongyles. The research was conducted at the Sheep Farm and Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry, Polbangtan, Bogor in August-October 2021. A completely randomized design was used as the experimental method consisted of three treatments of different levels of green tea dust supplementation, namely P0= 0%, P1= 0.75%, P2= 1.5% from dry matter ration, using 6 replicatess to obtain a total of 18 experimental units. The results showed that the administration of 1.5% green tea dust (P2) had no significant effect on DMI, ADG, and body measurements such as shoulder height, waist height, hip width, body length, chest circumference, and chest width of sheep, which were infected with Strongyles, but it tended to reduce their body weight losses
Performance and Physiological Responses of Pre-Weaning Peranakan Etawa Goats Fed Milk Replacer with Maggot Flour
Full text linkPre-weaning growth is crucial for achieving high weaning weights, which are expected to positively correlate with the overall performance of does/ewes. Milk replacer, designed to meet the nutritional needs of pre-weaning kids, offers a solution to this challenge. This study aimed to analyze and evaluate the impact of incorporating maggot flour into milk replacer on the performance of pre-weaned Peranakan Etawa (PE) crossbreed goats. The parameters observed included milk replacer intake, nutrient consumption, body weight gain, weaning weight, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, and feed cost per gain. The study involved 10 two-week-old local pre-weaned PE goats, each with an average body weight of 5.33 0.93 kg, divided into two treatment groups with five replicates each. The treatments included a commercial milk replacer (P0) and a milk replacer containing maggot flour (P1). Data were analyzed using an independent t-test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that daily body weight gain in pre-weaned PE goats fed milk replacer containing maggot flour did not differ significantly (P0.05) from those fed the commercial milk replacer. The physiological responses of the pre-weaned goats, including rectal temperature and respiratory rate, were similar between treatments and did not negatively affect their physiological status. The lowest feed cost per gain was observed in the group fed the maggot flour-based milk replacer (P1), indicating its potential economic advantage
Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi terhadap Kualitas Sosis Salami (Sosis Fermentasi) Ayam Afkir
Full text linkABSTRAK. Penelitian Pengaruh Lama Fermentasi terhadap Kualitas Sosis Salami (Sosis Fermentasi) Ayam Afkir ini bertujuan untuk melihat kualitas sosis Salami (sosis fermentasi) dengan lama fermentasi 0 jam, 24 jam, 48 jam, 72 jam. Materi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah daging ayam afkir (ayam ras petelur yang sudah tidak produktif), bakteri Lactobacillus plantarum , tepung tapioka, tepung maizena, tepung Isolat Protein Kedelai (ISP), garam, lemak daging, minyak makan, telur, bawang putih. Persentase bakteri Lactobacillus plantarum yang digunakan untuk setiap perlakuannya sama. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola searah dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, 4 perlakuan tersebut yaitu (P0= kontrol atau tanpa fermentasi, P1= fermentasi 1 hari, P2= fermentasi 2 hari, P3= fermentasi 3 hari. Peubah yang diamati adalah pengukuran pH, pengujian Total Plate Count (TPC), pengujian total asam, dan pengujian kadar protein. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis uji sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pengaruh lama fermentasi sosis salami menunjukkan hasil yang berpengaruh sangat nyata P0,01 terhadap nilai pH, total bakteri (TPC), dan total asam sosis Salami, serta berpengaruh nyata P0,05 terhadap nilai protein sosis Salami. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan perlakuan P2 (lama fermentasi 48 jam) merupakan hasil terbaik secara keseluruhan dilihat dari nilai pH (5,08), total plate count (8,33), total asam(8,77) dan kandungan protein (15,29).(The effect of fermentation long on the quality of afkir chicken salami sauces (fermentation sausage))ABSTRACT. The study of the Effect of Fermentation Time on the Quality of Chicken Salami Sausage (Fermented Sausage) aims to see the quality of Salami sausage (fermented sausage) with a fermentation time of 0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours. The research was conducted at the Meat Processing Science and Technology Laboratory, Milk Processing Science and Technology Laboratory, and Nutrition and Feed Processing Science, Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The materials used in this study were rejected chicken meat (layers that are no longer productive), Lactobacillus Plantarum bacteria, tapioca flour, cornstarch, ISP flour (soy flour), salt, meat fat, edible oil, eggs, garlic. The percentage of Lactobacillus Plantarum bacteria used for each treatment was the same. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with unidirectional pattern with 4 treatments and 4 replications, the 4 treatments were (P0= control or no fermentation, P1= 1 day fermentation, P2= 2 days fermentation, P3= 3 days fermentation). The observed variables were pH measurement, TPC testing, total acid testing, and protein content testing. The results of the study based on analysis of variance test showed that the treatment of the effect of the duration of fermentation of salami sausage showed a very significant effect P 0.01 on the pH value, total bacteria (TPC), and total acid of Salami sausage, and had a significant effect of P 0.05 on the protein value of Salami sausage
The Effect of Using Eugenol Essential Oil of Clove Leaf as a Feed Additive on The Carcass Percentage and Carcass Components of Broiler Chickens
Full text linkEugenol, derived from clove leaf essential oil, possesses antibiotic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of eugenol as a feed additive on carcass percentage and carcass components in broiler chickens. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used, with four treatments and five replications. Two hundred 1-week-old chicks with an average initial body weight of 142.257.75 g were allocated into 20 cage plots. The treatments were: E0 (Basal ration), E1 (Basal ration + 0.5% eugenol), E2 (Basal ration + 1.0% eugenol), and E3 (Basal ration + 1.5% eugenol). Carcass percentage and carcass component percentages were measured. Analysis of variance revealed a highly significant effect (P0.01) on carcass percentage and upper thigh percentage; a significant effect (P0.05) on the percentage of breast, wings, and back; and no significant effect (P0.05) on the percentage of the lower thigh. The 1% eugenol treatment achieved the highest carcass percentage (77.751.04%), breast percentage (39.020.61%), and upper thigh percentage (17.800.09%) compared to other treatments
Effect of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) Supplementation in Broiler Diets on Meat Fat, Cholesterol, and Malondialdehyde Content
Full text linkThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of supplementing broiler diets with andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) on the fat, cholesterol, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in broiler meat. The experiment utilized 200 day-old chicks (DOC) of the CP 707 strain, which were fed experimental diets starting at 15 days of age. The average initial body weight was 4651.50 g per bird, and the birds were reared until 35 days of age. The research design followed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five dietary treatments and four replications per treatment, each containing 10 broilers. The dietary treatments included a basal diet (R1= 0% andaliman) and diets supplemented with 0.25% (R2), 0.5% (R3), 0.75% (R4), and 1% (R5) andaliman. The variables measured were meat fat content, cholesterol content, and MDA levels. The results indicated that andaliman supplementation had no significant effect (P0.05) on the fat, cholesterol, or MDA content of broiler meat. The observed ranges were 140.61161.61 mg/100 g for fat content, 140.61161.61 mg/100 g for cholesterol content, and 8.118.56 g/g for MDA levels. In conclusion, the addition of andaliman to broiler diets did not significantly influence the fat, cholesterol, or MDA content in the meat
Effect of Cleaning and Storing on Hatching Time and Hatching Weight of Mojosari Alabio (MA) Crossbred Duck Eggs
Full text linkABSTRACT. The hatchability of duck eggs is influenced by handling before the eggs are placed in the incubator. The research was conducted in Bengkulu City from September to October 2021 to determine the effect of cleaning and storage before incubation of MA duck eggs from crossing Mojosari males and Alabio females on hatching time and hatching weight. The research was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design (4x6). The first factor is cleaning with three treatments, namely control or no cleaning (L0); cleaning using two ml/l disinfectant (L1), cleaning using warm water (L2), and cleaning with distilled water (L3). The second factor is the storage time, namely P0= 0 days, P1= 1 day, P2= 2 days, P3= 3 days, P4= 4 days, and P5= 5 days. There were eight repetitions of each treatment. According to the study, there was an average of 96% egg fertility and 87.45% hatchability. There was no interaction effect (P0.05) between cleaning and storage on egg hatching time. Cleaning with disinfectant or distilled water shortened the incubation time. Cleaning with distilled water without storage resulted in the highest hatching weight of duck eggs (L3P0) but was not significantly different from treatments L0P1, L1P0, L1P3, L1P5, L2P0, L3P0, and L3P3. Hatching weight is influenced by the interaction effect between egg cleaning and storage.Pengaruh pembersihan dan penyimpanan terhadap waktu penetasan dan berat tetas telur itik persilangan Mojosari Alabio (MA)ABSTRAK. Daya tetas telur itik dipengaruhi oleh penanganan sebelum telur dimasukkan ke inkubator. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Bengkulu pada Bulan September sampai Bulan Oktober 2021 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembersihan dan penyimpanan sebelum inkubasi telur itik MA hasil persilangan jantan Mojosari dan betina Alabio terhadap waktu tetas dan bobot tetas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (4x6). Faktor pertama pembersihan dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu kontrol atau tidak ada pembersihan (L0); pembersihan menggunakan disinfektan 2 ml/l (L1), pembersihan menggunakan air hangat (L2), dan pembersihan dengan akuades (L3). Faktor kedua adalah lama penyimpanan yaitu P0= 0 hari, P1= 1 hari, P2= 2 hari, P3= 3 hari, P4= 4 hari, dan P5= 5 hari. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak delapan kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fertilitas telur rata-rata 96% dengan daya tetas 87,45%. Tidak terdapat pengaruh interaksi (P0,05) antara pembersihan dan penyimpanan terhadap waktu penetasan telur, namun pembersihan dengan disinfektan atau dengan aquades mempersingkat waktu inkubasi. Pembersihan dengan akuades tanpa penyimpanan menghasilkan bobot tetas telur itik tertinggi (L3P0) namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan L0P1, L1P0, L1P3, L1P5, L2P0, L3P0, dan L3P3. Bobot tetas dipengaruhi oleh efek interaksi antara pembersihan dan penyimpanan telur
Perbedaan Viskositas Mucous Serviks dan Tipologi Ferning pada Sapi Aceh Repeat Breeding dan Fertil
Full text linkABSTRAK. Efisiensi reproduksi ternak sangat ditentukan berdasarkan deteksi estrus. Terdapat beberapa indikator estrus yang dapat dijadikan patokan deteksi estrus diantaranya keluarnya mucous serviks. Mucous serviks akan diamati sifat fisiknya diantaranya warna, (tampilan), konsistensi (viskositas), elastisitas, tipologi ferning dan pH. Pengamatan terhadap nilai viskositas dan tipologi ferning mucous serviks dibagi menjadi dua faktor utama dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan viskositas mucous serviks dan tipologi ferning pada sapi Aceh repeat breeding dan sapi Aceh fertil. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 10 ekor sapi Aceh, terdiri dari 6 ekor sapi fertil dan 4 ekor sapi repeat breeding berumur 3-5 tahun yang telah disinkronisasi dengan prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2) sebanyak 5 mL secara intra muskulus dengan pola penyuntikan tunggal. Penentuan viskositas mucous serviks diukur berdasarkan nilai spinnbarkeit yang dideteksi pada saat puncak estrus. Untuk menentukan tipology ferning, mucous serviks dioleskan di atas objek glass, lalu dikeringkan selanjutnya diamati di bawah mikroskop. Tipologi ferning diklasifikasikan berdasarkan kriteria tipikal, atipikal, dan nihil. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tidak ada perbedaan viskositas mucous serviks, namun terlihat adanya perbedaan tipology ferning antara sapi Aceh repeat breeding dan fertil.(Differences in cervical mucous viscosity and ferning typology in repeat breeding and fertile Aceh cows)ABSTRACT. Reproductive efficiency of livestock is determined based on estrus detection. There are several indicators of estrus that can be used as a benchmark for estrous detection, including cervical mucous discharge. Cervical mucus will be observed for its physical properties including color, (appearance), consistency (viscosity), elasticity, ferning and pH. Observation of the viscosity value and typology of cervical ferning mucous was divided into two main factors in this study. The purpose of the study was to identify the variations in mucous cervical ferning between fertile Aceh cattle and repeat breeding. In this study, 10 Aceh cattle were used, consisting of 6 fertile cattle and 4 repeat breeding aged 3-5 years which had been synchronized with 5 mL of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2) intramuscularly with a single injection pattern. The determination of cervical mucous viscosity is measured based on the spinnbarkeit value detected at the peak of estrus. To determine the ferning typology, cervical mucous was applied to the glass object, allowed to dry, and then examined under a microscope. Ferning typology was classified based on the criteria of typical, atypical, and nil. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and T-test. The results showed that there was no difference in cervical mucous viscosity, but there was a difference in ferning typology between repeat breeding and fertile Aceh cows
Utilization of Agricultural Waste as a Total Mixed Ratio Pellet Material for Rex Rabbit Feed
Full text linkThis study aimed to evaluate the quality of Total Mixed Ration (TMR) pellets derived from agricultural waste and assess their potential as feed for Rex rabbits. The research employed an experimental approach, utilizing agricultural and plantation waste to produce TMR pellets. The study was conducted in two stages: pellet production and rabbit feeding trials. Three formulations of TMR pellets were developed with varying concentrations of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB): P1 (5% EFB), P2 (10% EFB), and P3 (15% EFB). The optimal formulation was subsequently used for the feeding trials. Rabbit feed treatments included T0 (60% commercial pellet + 40% forage), T1 (40% commercial pellet + 20% TMR pellet + 40% forage), T2 (30% commercial pellet + 30% TMR pellet + 40% forage), and T3 (60% TMR pellet + 40% forage). Results from the pellet analysis indicated no significant differences in organoleptic properties among the formulations. The durability test yielded the highest value of 98.77%, while the proximate analysis of the P1 formulation showed a dry matter content of 85.67%, ash content of 10.35%, organic matter of 89.65%, crude protein of 18.65%, crude fat of 18.72%, and crude fiber of 19.18%. In the rabbit feeding trials, there were no significant differences in rabbit performance when compared to those fed with commercial pellets. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that agricultural waste can be effectively utilized as a raw material for rabbit feed pellets, offering comparable quality to commercial alternatives. This research highlights the potential of agricultural waste in reducing environmental pollution while providing an economically viable alternative for animal feed