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Katja Arens. 2018. Strukturieren und Evaluieren im Gespräch: lexikalische Diskurspartikeln als Ressourcen der Gesprächsorganisation (Oralingua Band 22). Heidelberg: Winter. 458 S. [Rezension]
Get PDF„Vot die drei Sprache kann i gut… nu russische und grusinische sehr […]“ – Zu russischen Gesprächspartikeln als Eröffnungs- und Schlusssignal im Kaukasiendeutschen
No full textDeutschsprachige Varietäten außerhalb des geschlossenen deutschen Sprachraums in Europa befinden sich oft in intensivem Kontakt mit umgebenden Sprachen und unterscheiden sich vom Standarddeutschen hinsichtlich verschiedener sprachlicher Phänomene. Die vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit einem in der Kaukasusregion (vor allem in Georgien) gesprochenen Diaspora-Deutsch. Es handelt sich um eine bisher kaum untersuchte Kontaktvarietät des Deutschen, von der bis vor kurzem angenommen wurde, dass sie nicht mehr gesprochen wird. In dieser Kontaktvarietät im Südkaukasus spielt die Interaktion mit der russischen Sprache bis heute eine wichtige Rolle. Der Fokus der Untersuchung liegt auf der Verwendung und den Funktionen deutscher und russischer Diskurspartikeln in der von der Gemeinschaft gesprochenen Varietät des Deutschen. Auffallend ist die Häufigkeit russischer Gesprächspartikeln in Initial- oder Finalstellung in deutschsprachigen Äußerungen, wie beispielsweise nu (Eröffnungssignal) oder vot (Schlusssignal). Daneben kommen den jeweiligen russischen Gesprächspartikeln je nach Position weitere unterschiedliche Funktionen zu. Es werden erste Kriterien einer Systematisierung des Auftretens und der Funktionen dieser Elemente ermittelt. Die Datenbasis besteht aus gesprochensprachlichen Aufnahmen des aktuellen Sprachgebrauchs, hauptsächlich in Form von halbstrukturierten Interviews (Aufnahmen in Georgien und Aserbaidschan, 2017).Varieties of German are in contact with different languages around the world and exhibit contact-induced language change phenomena which distinguish them from other German-speaking varieties. In the past, these diaspora varieties were mainly analysed separately. Our starting point is the hypothesis that a systematic comparison of several of these varieties will make it easier to recognise which developments are dependent on specific contact language constellations and which can generally be observed in scenarios in which German varieties are in contact with (any number of) other languages. Our article presents considerations from a project which has the aim of systematically exploring relevant spoken language corpora at the IDS and combines two focal points: firstly, the development of a technical platform which allows us to annotate corpus-based data of diaspora varieties in a standardised way, to process them using lexicographical and data-analytical methods and to present them online. The second focus is to describe the data on this basis in a contrastive manner and to carry out comparative lexicological and lexico-syntagmatic analyses. The article illustrates the approach the project takes to the spoken lexis of contact varieties based on the example of conversational particles, which are both specific to spoken language and behave differently in different German contact varieties
Handling signs medially. On mediality and indexicality in semiotic media practices
No full textThe mediality of linguistic signs is crucial to the understanding and analysis of language usage and the construction of meaning since language in use is always materially mediated. By raising the following fundamental questions from a semiopraxeological perspective, this paper seeks to make a theoretical and methodological, yet empirically grounded, contribution to media linguistics. How do semiotic, medial, and social aspects of practices relate to each other? How are materialised linguistic signs involved in the practical mediation of sociality and, thus, culture? How can historical data be used to trace and analyse semiotic media practices? I argue that, in addition to mediality, indexicality plays an essential role in answering these questions, and propose a triadic model of semiotic media practices. This argument is illustrated using prisoner files from the U.S. interrogation camp Fort Hunt during WWII
Still no evidence for an effect of the proportion of non-native speakers on natural language complexity
Get PDFIn a recent study, I demonstrated that large numbers of L2 (second language) speakers do not appear to influence the morphological or information-theoretic complexity of natural languages. This paper has three primary aims: First, I address recent criticisms of my analyses, showing that the points raised by my critics were already explicitly considered and analysed in my original work. Furthermore, I show that the proposed alternative analyses fail to withstand detailed examination. Second, I introduce new data on the information-theoretic complexity of natural languages, with the estimates derived from various language models—ranging from simple statistical models to advanced neural networks—based on a database of 40 multilingual text collections that represent a wide range of text types. Third, I re-analyse the information-theoretic and morphological complexity data using novel methods that better account for model uncertainty in parameter estimation, as well as the genealogical relatedness and geographic proximity of languages. In line with my earlier findings, the results show no evidence that large numbers of L2 speakers have an effect on natural language complexity
Organizational climate's role in enterprise social software usage: an empirical assessment
Get PDFThe focus of organizations' internal communication and collaboration infra-structures has recently been extended from conventional intranets to enterprise social software platforms (ESSPs). However, as ESSPs rely on content creation and interaction through users, many platforms struggle. Previous research suggests that organizational climate plays an important role during IS adoption. Accordingly, our study quantitatively explores the influence of organizational climate on both contributive ESSP usage (knowledge sharing) and consumptive ESSP usage (knowledge consumption). Our results indicate that organizational climate - measured by the dimensions of trust, collaboration norms, and community identification - influences employees' ESSP usage behaviors to a certain extent. In addition, collaboration norms appear to have a stronger impact on consumptive ESSP usage than on contributive ESSP usage. Lastly, trust was found to primarily support consumptive ESSP usage, not contributive usage
Giving space for self-direction. Trouble-flagging declaratives in sanctioning problem behavior
No full textThis article examines the sanctioning of problem behavior during family breakfasts. Such sanctionings are commonly initiated with declarative TCUs. These declarative TCUs work as a vehicle for flagging the problem, and thereby occasion behavior modification ‘indirectly’. While declaratives canonically ‘inform’, it will be shown that not all declarative TCUs in sanctioning turns are well analyzed as ‘informing’. What they share is an orientation to the wrongdoer’s agency: They give space for the other person to adjust their behavior ‘themselves’, without having been told to. The prioritization of flagging a problem (as opposed to telling the other what to do) is explored on the basis of sanctioning moves that are built with both an imperative and a declarative TCU. Both distributional and qualitative (self-repair) data support the analysis of a preference for self-direction (Hepburn, 2020). Data are in German and come from the Parallel European Corpus of Informal Interaction
Deutsche Sprache. Themenheft. Deutsch im Kontakt: Europäische und außereuropäische Konstellationen im Vergleich
No full textAls Folge verschiedener Phasen und Formen von Migration wird Deutsch heute in vielen Teilen der Welt gesprochen. In diesen Konstellationen steht es in Kontakt mit unterschiedlichen Sprachen, was sich in kontaktbedingten Sprachwandelphänomenen niederschlägt