Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia
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Pengaruh Kemitraan Terhadap Efisiensi dan Risiko Usahatani Bawang Merah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Full text linkProduktivitas bawang merah di Jawa Tengah sebagai sentra produksi menunjukkan tren yang semakin menurun selama tahun 2013-2018. Salah satu cara meningkatkan produktivitas yaitu melalui efisiensi teknis. Namun dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas, maka peluang terkena risiko juga akan semakin tinggi. Sehingga dibutuhkan kemitraan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini melihat pengaruh kemitraan terhadap efisiensi tekns dan persepsi risiko antara petani mitra dengan petani non mitra. Data sekunder digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 1.508 (10 petani mitra dan 1.498 petani non mitra) petani bawang merah di Jawa Tengah. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode stokastik frontier, dan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemitraan berpengaruh menurunkan efisiensi. Sementra itu tidak ada perbedaan pada kedua petani dalam persepsi terhadap risiko serangan hama dan penyakit, namun pada risiko perubahan iklim/cuaca petani mitra menganggap lebih besar dampakya terhadap penurunan produksi dibandingkan petani yang tidak bermitra. Upaya pengelolaan baik pada petani mitra maupun non mitra terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit tumbuhan tidak ada perbedaan dimana pengelolaan secara kimiawi lebih banyak dipilih.Productivity of shallot in central Java as an area production center has a declining trend from 2013-to 2018. One way to increase productivity is through technical efficiency. However, to increase productivity, the probability of production risk will also be higher. Contract farming is one way to increase productivity and overcome production risks in shallot farming. The objectives of this study were to analyze the effect of contract farming on technical efficiency and perception of risks production between contract and non-contract farmers. Secondary data was used in this study. The research sample consisted of 1.508 (10 contract farmers and 1.498 non-contract farmers) shallot farmers in Central Java. The data were analyzed using the stochastic frontier method to see technical efficiency, and the Likert scale to see farmers\u27 perceptions of production risk. The analysis shows that contract farming affected decreasing efficiency. Meanwhile, there is no difference between both farmers in perceptions of the risk of pest and disease attacks. Meanwhile, contract farmers’ perception of the risk of climate change was greater in decreasing production than non-contract farmers. Management efforts by both contract and non-contract farmers to overcome pests and plant diseases are no different. They both prefer chemical methods to overcome pest and disease plant attacks
Pola Pemasaran Beras di Kabupaten Grobogan
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola saluran pemasaran beras serta menganalisis margin dan efisiensi pemasaran dari setiap saluran pemasaran pada masing-masing lembaga pemasaran beras di Kabupaten Grobongan. Lokasi penelitian dipilih secara sengaja karena wilayah tersebut merupakan daerah penyumbang terbesar dalam produksi padi di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey dan wawancara. Data yang di kumpulkan meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga saluran pemasaran pada pola distribusi beras di Kabupaten Grobongan yaitu: (1) saluran pertama, meliputi: petani – penebas – penggilingan padi – pedagang pengepul/grosir – pedagang eceran – konsumen akhir; (2) saluran kedua, meliputi: petani – penebas - penggilingan padi – pedagang eceran - konsumen akhir; dan (3) saluran ketiga, meliputi: petani - penggilingan padi - pedagang pengepul/grosir - konsumen akhir. Secara umum, tingkat efisiensi pemasaran beras pada setiap saluran pemasaran yang terbentuk di Kabupaten Grobongan termasuk dalam kategori efisien. Pada pola saluran pemasaran ketiga, memiliki nilai efisiensi pemasaran yang lebih kecil dengan nilai farmer’s share yang lebih tinggiThis study aims to determine the pattern of rice marketing channels and analyze the margins and marketing efficiency of each marketing channel at each rice marketing agency in Grobogan Regency. The research location was chosen deliberately because the area is the largest contributor to rice production in the Central Java Province. The method used survey and interview. The data collected includes primary and secondary data. The results showed that there were three marketing channels in the distribution pattern of rice in Grobogan Regency, namely: (1) the first channel (farmers – middleman – rice millers – collectors/wholesale traders – retail traders – consumers); (2) the second channel (farmers – middleman – rice millers – retailers – consumers) and (3) the third channel (farmers - rice millers - wholesalers/collectors – consumers). In general, the level of rice marketing efficiency in each marketing channel formed in Grobogan Regency is included in the efficient category.
 
Pengaruh Penggunaan Benih Bersertifikat Terhadap Produksi dan Efisiensi Teknis Usahatani Kentang di Kecamatan Pangalengan
Full text linkRata-rata konsumsi pangan komoditas kentang di Indonesia sebanyak 2.20 kg/kapita/th dan meningkat rata-rata sebesar 9% dari tahun 2013. Tingkat konsumsi kentang Indonesia masih dibawah negara tetangga seperti Malaysia dan Thailand. Peningkatan laju konsumsi kentang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan laju pertumbuhan produksi kentang di Indonesia. Peningkatan produksi kentang dapat dilakukan melalui peningkatan produktivitasnya. Tingkat produktivitas kentang di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah dan berfluktuatif dengan rata-rata produktivitas kentang sebesar 18,23 ton/hektar. Tingkat produktivitas tersebut masih dibawah beberapa negara produsen utama kentang di dunia. Peningkatan produktivitas kentang dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan efisiensi teknis produksi atau penggunaan benih bersertifikat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan benih kentang bersertifikat terhadap produksi dan efisiensi teknis usahatani kentang di Kecamatan Pangalengan sebagai salah satu sentra produksi kentang di Kabupaten Bandung. Analisis efisiensi teknis usahatani kentang menggunakan fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier Analysis. Total responden pada penelitian ini sebanyak 70 orang petani kentang, dengan rincian 30 orang menggunakan benih kentang bersertifikat dan 40 orang menggunakan benih kentang non sertifikat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan benih kentang bersertifikat dapat meningkatkan produksi kentang. Secara keseluruhan tingkat efisiensi teknis usahatani kentang di Kecamatan Pangalengan rata-rata 70,10%, artinya upaya peningkatan efisiensi masih diperlukan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai efisiensi teknis usahatani kentang dengan benih bersertifikat dan non sertifikat artinya penggunaan benih bersertifikat belum mampu meningkatkan nilai efisiensi teknis usahatani kentang. Salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi teknis yaitu status kepemilikan lahan.The average food consumption for potato commodities in Indonesia is 2.20 kg/capita/year, an increase of 9% from 2013. The need for potato consumption will increase as Indonesia\u27s population increases. The growth rate of potato production is lower than that of potato consumption; therefore, it is necessary to increase potato productivity. The productivity level of potatoes in Indonesia is still low and fluctuates, with an average potato productivity of 18.23 tons/hectare. Increasing potato productivity can be done by increasing technical production efficiency or using certified seeds. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of using certified seed on the production and technical efficiency of potato farming in the Pangalengan district as one of the potato production centers in Bandung Regency. The technical efficiency analysis of the potato crop was performed using the Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier Analysis production function with a total of 70 potato farmers as respondents, with details that 30 persons are using certified potato seed and 40 persons are using not certified potato seed. The results indicate that using certified potato seed has increased potato production. Overall, the average technical efficiency of potato production in the Pangalengan district is 70.10%, which means efforts to improve efficiency are still required. There is no significant difference in technical efficiency between potato farms using certified seed and not certified seed which means using certified potato seed has yet to be able to increase the technical efficiency of potato farms. One of the factors that significantly affect technical efficiency is land ownership status
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Partisipasi Petani Pada Program Upaya Khusus Jagung di Kabupaten Pandeglang
Full text linkThe Special Efforts Program (UPSUS) is a government program to achieve sustainable food self-sufficiency, one of which is the commodity of corn. The success of the UPSUS program is inseparable from the participation of farmers. Some factors affect the level of farmer participation. This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence farmers\u27 participation in the UPSUS program. The study was carried out from August to October 2019 in Pandeglang Regency. The research involved 94 respondents who were joined in the UPSUS Program on maize commodity. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis. The results showed that the ability of farmers and the opportunity factor had a positive and significant effect on the level of farmer participation. This implies that the higher farmers’ ability and the number of opportunities obtained by farmers increase the level of farmer participation in the UPSUS corn program. Farmer characteristics have a positive impact but do not possess a significant effect on the level of farmer participation
Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Petani Padi dalam Mengikuti Kemitraan di Indonesia
Full text linkIndonesia\u27s rice crop production growth will possibly always increase every year. However, the direction of growth in production and the area of harvest which increases is inversely proportional to the condition of decreasing productivity growth, which is known as productivity inequality. Efforts to solve these problems are through partnerships with the government and the private sector. The purpose of this study is (1) to analyze the characteristics of Indonesian farmers following the partnership, (2) to analyze the factors that influenced Indonesian rice farmers to join contract farming, and (3) to measure the impact of the participation of Indonesian rice farmers in contract farming on farmer household income. This study used secondary data from the Rice Plant Business Household Survey 2014 (SPD 2014) conducted by the Central Statistics Agency with a total sample of 87,330 samples. Data were analyzed using logistic regression and propensity score matching, which resulted in (1) There are differences in characteristics of partner farmers in Indonesia including age, education, gender, participation in SLPTT, income, and a land area used; (2) There are four variables that significantly influence farmers in participating are age, education level, production costs, and the participation of institutional farmers; (3) The participation of farmers in partnerships has a positive impact on the income of rice farmers in Indonesia.
 
Pengaruh Literasi Digital Terhadap Literasi E-Marketing pada Petani
Full text linkE-marketing has various advantages and can be used as an alternative for marketing. However, the use of e-marketing in the agricultural sector is still low even though the agricultural sector has the potential to be developed in the form of e-marketing. The use of e-marketing requires farmers to have the ability to master technology or known as digital literacy skills. The higher digital literacy of farmers is expected to increase e-marketing literacy in the agricultural sector. The study aims to measure the level of digital literacy and e-marketing literacy of farmers and analyze the effect of digital literacy on the e-marketing literacy of farmers. The sample used in the study was a Sayurbox company partner farmer for 21 samples. The level of digital literacy and e-marketing literacy among farmers is measured using Partial Least Square Path Modeling (PLSPM). In addition, the analysis of factors affecting digital literacy and e-marketing literacy of farmers uses multiple linear regressions. The results showed that farmers\u27 level of digital literacy and e-marketing literacy was in the moderate category. In the digital literacy section, farmers have weaknesses in the sub-construct of information retrieval and the security and use of technology. Meanwhile, in e-marketing literacy, farmers have weaknesses in sub-construct developing the information they get. Then, digital literacy has a significant positive effect on e-marketing literacy. It shows that digital literacy can measure a farmer\u27s e-marketing literacy. Meanwhile, education significantly affects digital and e-marketing literacy, while age has a significant positive effect on e-marketing literacy.E-marketing has various advantages and can be used as an alternative for marketing. However, the use of e-marketing in the agricultural sector is still low even though the agricultural sector has the potential to be developed in the form of e-marketing. The use of e-marketing requires farmers to have the ability to master technology or known as digital literacy skills. The higher digital literacy of farmers is expected to increase e-marketing literacy in the agricultural sector. The study aims to measure the level of digital literacy and e-marketing literacy of farmers and analyze the effect of digital literacy on the e-marketing literacy of farmers. The sample used in the study was a 21 samples farmers who partnered with Sayurbox. The level of digital literacy and e-marketing literacy among farmers is measured by Partial Least Square Path Modeling (PLSPM). In addition, the analysis of factors affecting digital literacy and e-marketing literacy of farmers used multiple linear regressions. The results showed that farmers\u27 level of digital literacy and e-marketing literacy was in the moderate category. In the digital literacy section, farmers have weaknesses in the sub-construct of information retrieval and the security and the use of technology. Meanwhile, in e-marketing literacy, farmers have weaknesses in developing information sub-construct that received. Then, digital literacy has a significant positive effect on e-marketing literacy. It showed that digital literacy can measure a farmer\u27s e-marketing literacy. Meanwhile, education significantly affected digital and e-marketing literacy, while age has a significant positive effect on e-marketing literacy
Dampak Kemitraan Closed Loop Terhadap Pendapatan dan Efisiensi Usahatani Cabai
Full text linkJawa Barat menjadi sentra komoditas cabai di Indonesia dengan urutan kedua penghasil cabai terbanyak Indonesia tahun 2020 sebanyak 14,32% dari produksi cabai nasional , tepat dibawah Jawa timur dengan produksi 28,28% dari produksi cabai nasional. Kemitraan adalah bentuk kerjasama yang bermanfaat bagi pihak yang telah bersepakat, biasanya kemitraan dibentuk dan dilakukan antara pihak yang telah bersepakat dan telah diikat oleh suatu perjanjian, SOP ataupun kontrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah apakah ada dampak kemitraan closed loop terhadap pendapatan petani cabai kemitraan dengan petani non mitra di Kabupaten Garut dan Sukabumi? Analisis data yang dilakukan meliputi metode analisis data kualitatif yang dipaparkan secara deskriptif pada analisis keragaan usahatani. metode analisis kuantitatif menggunakan analisis pendapatan usahatani, analisis perbandingan penerimaan dan biaya (R/C Ratio)dan analisis uji beda untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi usahatani komoditas cabai petani mitra dan non mitra di Kabupaten Garut dan Sukabumi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keuntungan usahatani cabai petani closed loop lebih menguntungkan (Rp 89 889 654/ha/musim dengan R/C=2.06). Walaupun produktivitas dan kualitas cabai yang dihasilkan oleh petani closed loop (8.691 ton/ha) relatif sama dengan petani non closed loop (8.491 ton/ha) namun terlihat bahwa harga yang diterima petani closed loop lebih tinggi (Rp 15 457/kg) dibandingkan dengan harga yang diterima oleh petani non closed loop (Rp 11 998/kg).The issue of an imbalance in demand and supply of red chili and fluctuating red chili prices have initiated the Ministry of Economy, especially the Deputy for Food and Agribusiness Coordination, to implement a pilot of closed loop partnership model. The partnership is a form of cooperation that is beneficial for parties who have agreed, usually, partnerships are formed and carried out between parties who have agreed and have been bound by an agreement, SOP, or contract. The purpose of this study is there is an impact on the income and farm efficiency of chili farmers in partnership with non-partner farmers in Garut and Sukabumi Regency?. The data analysis carried out includes qualitative data analysis methods that are described descriptively in the analysis of farm performance. The quantitative analysis method used farm income analysis, income and cost comparison analysis (R/C Ratio), and different test analyses to determine the level of efficiency of chili farming commodities by partner and non-partner farmers in Garut and Sukabumi Regency. The results of this study indicate that the profit of closed loop chili farming is more profitable (IDR89.889.654/ha/season with R/C=2,06). Although the productivity and quality of chili produced by closed loop farmers (8,691 tons/ha) is relatively similar to non-closed loop farmers (8,491 tons/ha), it can be seen that the price received by closed loop farmers is higher (IDR15.457/kg) compared to the price received by non-closed loop farmers (IDR11.998/kg). The closed loop partnership model can be considered to have a positive impact on the income and efficiency of chili farming
Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Kakao Selama Pandemi Covid-19: Sebuah Pendekatan Economic Value Added (EVA)
Full text linkThe Covid-19 pandemic brings around a multidimensional crisis that sway the world’s economy and is believed affect the performance of any industry. Therefore this study aims to evaluate the performance of two cocoa processing company before and during Covid-19 pandemic by occupying the financial report of PT Bumi Teknokultura Unggul TBK and PT Wahana Interfood Nusantara frm 2018 till 2020. The result of Economic Value Added (EVA) Analysis confirmed that this pandemic seem affecting the financial performance of the two company, which is both company’s performance tend to decrease, and yet still in good condition since the EVA is positiveThe Covid-19 pandemic brings around a multidimensional crisis that sway the world’s economy and believed to affect the performance of any industry. Cocoa processing industry, which is well known greatly contributes to Indonesia’s economy, is one of industry that is suspected has a significant effect to the performance of Indonesia’s economy. As one of export commodity, during the pandemic (2019-2020) the cocoa processing industry contributed for about USD 548 million to total Indonesia’s foreign exchange. This lead to a question: does the increase implies that the cocoa processing industry has a good financial performance? Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the financial performance of two cocoa processing company before and during Covid-19 pandemic by occupying the financial report of PT Bumi Teknokultura Unggul TBK and PT Wahana Interfood Nusantara from 2018 till 2020. The Economic Value Added approach was used to evaluate the financial performance of both company. The result of Economic Value Added (EVA) Analysis confirmed that this pandemic seem affecting the financial performance of the two company, which is both company’s performance tend to decrease. Yet, a different performance between the two was depicted as well by EVA, in which the EVA of PT Wahana Interfood Nusantara is positive while the PT Bumi Teknokultura Unggul Tbk’s is negative. This implies that PT Wahana Interfood Nusantara has a better financial performance than PT Bumi Teknokultura Unggul Tbk
Analisis Tingkat Ketergantungan Impor pada Industri Susu Indonesia
Full text linkThe increase in Indonesia’s dairy imports confirms that Indonesia is more dependent on imports. Practically, the bigger import dependence leads to the bigger exposure of import to GDP. The characteristics of imports are also described by the degree of import concentration. These research objectives are: (1) to find out the level of import dependency and the degree of import openness of Indonesian dairy imports; and (2) to find out the import concentration of Indonesian dairy imports based on commodity and geographic concentrations. This study uses the Import Dependency Ratio (IDR) method, the degree of import openness (DKI), the degree of commodity concentration (DKK); and degree of geographic concentration (DKG). This research uses annual time series secondary data in 2014 to 2018 for the dairy HS code as follows: (1) HS 0401, (2) HS 0402, (3) HS 0403, (4) HS 0404, (5) HS 0405, and (6) HS 0406. The results showed Indonesia has a high dependence on dairy products; with an average of 40.42 percent of Indonesia\u27s dairy needs are met from imports. However, the degree of import openness of dairy imports is still relatively low; Indonesian dairy import spends 0.14 percent of Indonesia\u27s GDP. Indonesian dairy imports are relatively distributed in the six dairy HS codes. Geographically, only HS code 0405 imports which are concentrated from one source, specifically from New Zealand. Meanwhile, dairy imports from other HS codes are relatively distributed from various countries.
The increase of Indonesia’s dairy imports confirms that Indonesia is dependent on imports. Practically, the bigger import dependence leads to the bigger exposure of import to GDP. The characteristics of imports are also described by the degree of import concentration. These research objectives are: (1) to find out the level of import dependency and the degree of import openness of Indonesian dairy imports; and (2) to find out the import concentration of Indonesian dairy imports based on commodity and geographic concentrations. This study uses the Import Dependency Ratio (IDR) method, the degree of import openness (DKI), the degree of commodity concentration (DKK); and degree of geographic concentration (DKG). This research used annual time series secondary data in 2014 to 2018 for the dairy HS code as follows: (1) HS 0401, (2) HS 0402, (3) HS 0403, (4) HS 0404, (5) HS 0405, and (6) HS 0406. The results showed Indonesia has a high dependence on dairy products; with an average of 40,42 percent of Indonesia\u27s dairy needs are met from imports. However, the degree of import openness of dairy imports is still relatively low; Indonesian dairy import spends 0,14 percent of Indonesia\u27s GDP. Indonesian dairy imports are relatively distributed in the six dairy HS codes. Geographically, only HS code 0405 imports which are concentrated from one source, specifically from New Zealand. Meanwhile, dairy imports from other HS codes are relatively distributed from various countries
Transmisi Harga Beras di Indonesia Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Full text linkBeras merupakan produk pangan utama bagi mayoritas masyarakat Indonesia. Preferensi masyarakat Indonesia untuk mengkonsumsi beras lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan komoditas lain. Beras merupakan komoditas dengan permintaan yang inelastis, dimana perubahan harga hampir tidak menyebabkan perubahan jumlah permintaan konsumen. Pembatasan sosial diterapkan untuk memutus penyebaran covid-19 secara tidak langsung akan memengaruhi distribusi beras dari beberapa daerah produsen. Transmisi harga menggambarkan dampak perubahan harga suatu barang pada satu tingkat pasar terhadap perubahan harga barang tersebut pada tingkat pasar yang lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis transmisi harga beras dari tingkat produsen ke tingkat konsumen pada masa pandemi covid-19. Data yang digunakan merupakan data time series (runtun waktu) harian dari Maret 2020 hingga Maret 2021. Data dianalisis dengan pendekatan Vector Autoregressive (VAR). Hasil estimasi VAR menunjukkan bahwa harga produsen dan harga konsumen tidak saling memengaruhi. Tidak adanya hubungan antara harga beras produsen dan konsumen tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa tidak terjadi transmisi harga antara keduanya.The pandemic Covid-19 has impacted global economy, including Indonesia. In response to dealing with the spread of Covid-19 cases, Indonesian government has imposed social restrictions which directly impacts people’s economic activities including food sector. Considering rice as the main food product for most Indonesian people, this study aimed to analyze the transmission of rice prices from the producer level to the consumer level during the Covid-19 pandemic. Price transmission describes the impact of changes in the price of an item at one market level on changes in the price of the item at another market level. The data used is daily time series data from March 2020 to March 2021. The data analyzed using the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) approach. The VAR estimation results show that producer prices and consumer prices do not affect each other. The absence of price transmission between producers and consumers may indicate that government intervention to maintain rice prices during the Covid-19 pandemic has been effective