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Learning Effects and Challenges of Simulation Exercises for Responding to Sudden Changes in Hospitalized Patients
Get PDFapplication/pdf社会情勢の変化や医療安全、患者意識の変化などにより、看護学生が臨地実習期間において体験できる看護実践には限界があり、看護実践能力の向上のため新たな教育手法の導入が求められている。今回、クリティカルケア看護論を履修した4年次生に対して入院患者の急変に対応する看護実践のシミュレーション演習を実施し、学修効果と課題を検討した。演習前後に実施した質問紙調査の結果から本演習は、入院患者の急変における学生の臨床判断能力を向上させることが示唆された。学修効果の少なかった項目は、学生のレディネス、演習目標と照らし合わせ、学生の学びを促せるようなシナリオ作成が必要と考える。As a result of changes in social conditions, medical safety, and patient awareness, degree of nursing practice that nursing students can experience during their clinical practice period is limited, therefore, new educational methods to improve nursing practice skills are required. This study conducted a simulation exercise of nursing practice in response to sudden changes in hospitalized patients for fourth-year nursing students who had taken a course in critical care nursing theory and examined the related learning effects and issues. The results of a questionnaire survey conducted before and after the simulation exercise suggested that the exercise improved students' ability to apply clinical judgement in response to sudden changes in hospitalized patients. It is suggested that the items that showed that showed marginal learning effect should be examined considering the students' readiness and the goals of the exercise, and further simulation scenarios should be developed to promote students' learning.departmental bulletin pape
Learning outcomes from pre-practicum assignments using WebVR teaching materials
Get PDFapplication/pdf学生が自身で操作しながら確認できる環境整備のWebVR 教材を実習前課題として活用した学修成果について明らかにすることを目的として、学生評価アンケートを実施した。学生は興味を持って課題に取組み、環境整備のイメージの明確化ができていた。実習後には、状況に応じた環境整備について判断すること、具体的方法を考えること、対象者への説明や声かけについて考えたことが役立ったと評価しており、実習前課題として用いたWebVR 教材の学修成果が実習で活かされていた。The purpose of this study was to clarify learning outcomes with utilization of WebVR teaching materials as pre-practicum assignments given for training courses. The students engaged themselves to learn about the environment in the patient unit through use of WebVR. Thereafter, results of an evaluation questionnaire showed that the students performed the tasks with interest and gained a clear image of the situation. Furthermore, the students evaluated WebVR as useful for making judgments regarding environmental improvements based on the situation, consideration of specific methods, and communication with the patients. The outcomes gained by use of the WebVR teaching materials by the students for pre-practicum assignments showed them to be useful for their training.departmental bulletin pape
Report on volunteer work at a children's house by students belonging to the Faculty of Health and Welfare
Get PDFapplication/pdf県立広島大学保健福祉学部の学生が、三原市児童館「ラフラフ」でのボランティア活動を実施したため取り組みと成果を報告する。令和4年6月末から活動への参加を希望する学生を募り、令和5年3月末までに73名が参加登録した。動機は「子どもへの支援に興味があった」が最も多く、次に「分野にかかわらずボランティア活動に興味があった」であった。開始当初は児童館で企画されたイベントへの参加や小中学生を対象とした学修支援が中心で、9月以降は学生が主体となり季節のイベントなどを企画運営した。活動の振り返りアンケートの回答者39名のうち1回以上参加者は 29名で、そのうち約9割の学生が「子どもとの関わり方が上手になった」「地域で子育てを支援する仕組みがあることが分かった」と感じていた。三原市子育て支援課及び児童館職員は学生が児童館に対して「とても貢献した」と感じていた。今後は学生・地域、両者の視点から継続的な活動成果を評価する必要がある。Students belonging to the Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, did volunteer work at the children's house "rafu-rafu" in Mihara City. We report their attempts and outcome. Students wishing to do volunteer work were recruited from June 2022. The number of students registered before March 2023 was 73. The most frequent motive was "interests in support for children", followed by "interests in volunteer work regardless of field". After the start of volunteer work, initially, it primarily consisted of participation in events planned by the children's house and study support for elementary/junior high school students. After September, the students mainly planned/managed seasonal events. Of the 39 respondents to a questionnaire on a review of activities, 29 reported ≥1 session of activity participation. Approximately 90% felt that they had become good with children, and found out that there was a regional system for supporting child rearing. The staff belonging to the child rearing support section of Mihara City or children's house felt that the students had contributed to "rafu-rafu". In the future, the results of continuous activities should be evaluated from students'/regional and both perspectives.departmental bulletin pape
Relationship between attitudes toward fortune-telling and spell-casting and styles of information processing and regulatory focus
Get PDF占いやおまじないを信じたり，利用したりすることは，不思議現象信奉や実証的根拠を欠く信念の一種として研究されてきた。本研究では，まず，占いやおまじないに対する態度を多面的に捉えることが可能な尺度を作成し，その妥当性を検討した（研究 1 ～ 3 ）。そして，占い・おまじないに対する態度尺度を用いて，占いやおまじないに興味を抱いたり，それらの効果を信じたり，それらを生活に取り入れたり，また，それらに対して疑義を抱くことに関する信念と個人の情報処理や制御焦点のスタイルとの関連性を検討した（研究 4 ）。その結果，占い・おまじないに対する態度尺度は，「占い・おまじない効果の体験・信奉」，「占い・おまじないの活用」，「占い・おまじないへの興味・関心」，「民族宗教的儀礼の信奉」，そして，「占い・おまじない信奉者への懐疑」の 5 つの下位尺度から構成されることが示された。また，占いやおまじないに対する態度の諸側面によって，情報処理や制御焦点のスタイルが異なった影響を及ぼすことが明らかになった。情報処理スタイルに関しては，例えば，合理性による抑制効果は，占いやおまじないに興味を抱いたり，それらの効果を信じたりすることには認められなかったが，占いやおまじないを日常生活に活用することには認められた。また，制御焦点に関しては，占いやおまじないに興味・関心を抱いたり，それらの効果を信じることに，促進焦点と予防焦点の両方の影響が認められたことから，ポジティブな結果の追求とネガティブな結果の回避が動機となると解釈されたが，占いやおまじないを活用することに対しては予防焦点の影響しか認められなかった。Attitudes toward fortune-telling and the use of spells have been studied as a kind of
paranormal beliefs or empirically suspect beliefs. In this study, we first developed a scale that can capture the multidimensional aspects of attitudes toward fortune-telling and spellcasting,and examined its validity (Studies 1-3). Using the attitudes toward fortune-telling and spell-casting scale, we examined the relationship between beliefs about being interested in fortune-telling and spell-casting, believing in their effects, and incorporating them into one's life and doubts about them, and an individual's information processing and regulatory focus styles (Study 4). The results showed that the attitudes toward fortune-telling and spell-casting scale consisted of five subscales: "experience of and belief in the effects of fortune-telling and spell-casting", "application of fortune-telling and spell-casting", "interest in and concern for fortune-telling and spell-casting", "belief in folk religious rituals", and "skepticism toward fortune-telling and spell-casting adherents". Furthermore, it was also found that the styles of information processing and regulatory focus were affected differently by various aspects of attitudes toward fortune-telling and spell-casting. With regard to information processing style, for example, the inhibitory effect of rationality was not found in interest in fortune-telling and spell-casting or belief in their effects but was found in their application in daily life. As for regulatory focus, the effects of both promotion and prevention focus were found in interest in fortune-telling and spell-casting and belief in their effects,which were interpreted as being motivated by the pursuit of positive outcomes and avoidance of negative outcomes in the future, but not in their application, which were only influenced by prevention focus.departmental bulletin pape
The Meaning of Mirror Image in Lady Clementina Hawarden’s Photographs
Get PDFOne of the greatest photographers in the Victorian Era, Lady Clementina Hawarden’s Photographs are examined and discussed in terms of their unique features, which make them distinct from other Victorian photographers, such as O. G. Rejlander, Julia argaret Cameron and Lewis Carroll. Firstly, this paper summarizes former critics’ points about Hawarden’s photographs to categorize them into four important features: 1) absence of narratives, 2) duality or being a pair, 3) depiction of transition from adolescence to womanhood, 4) confinement and being on the border. Then, this paper focuses on the se of a mirror in the photographs by Hawarden, suggesting that Hawarden’s photographs using mirrors introduced a new type of line of sight to people’s mind and it has strong connections to above mentioned four features.departmental bulletin pape
The effectiveness and challenges of the Baby Program (BP) on parenting: from the perspectives of the facilitators
Get PDFapplication/pdf本研究はファシリテーターが捉えた親子の絆づくりプログラム“赤ちゃんがきた！”（BP）の子育てへの影響と課題を明らかにすることを目的とした。ファシリテーター20名を4グループに分け、フォーカス・グループインタビューを実施した。ファシリテーターはBP 受講した母親への影響として［0歳児の母親とのつながりが育児の助けになる］［親子の絆を育む育児技術を学ぶ］機会となり［地域とのつながりを感じた子育てができる］と捉えていた。ファシリテーターは、BP 開催を継続するには［ファシリテーターの人数が不足］や［ファシリテーターの難しさ］が課題であると述べた。また＜参加希望者を集めたい＞が［ファシリテーターがBPを開催するためのサポート不足］を課題として挙げた。ファシリテーターが地域でBPを開催していくためには、周産期の支援機関である保健センター、産科医療、小児医療等と協力し、0歳児の母親にBP開催を広報する体制づくりが必要である。In the present study, we examined the impact of a Baby Program from the perspectives of the BP facilitators. The 20 facilitators were divided into four groups to conduct focus-group interviews. Facilitators indicated that the BP provided them with the opportunity to 1) connect with other mothers of 0-year-olds, which help them raise their children, and 2) learn parenting skills to foster parent-child bonding, and 3) feel connected to the community while raising their own children.Facilitators realized the effectiveness of the BP program and mentioned the lack of facilitators and difficulties encountered by facilitators in maintaining the BP program. In addition, they "wanted to gather prospective participants," but the "lack of support for facilitators to hold the BP program" was raised as an issue. In terms of implementing the BP, the facilitators indicated that it was challenging for them to provide the information about the BP to the target population of mothers. In order to advertise the BP to mothers of 0-year-old children more broadly, it is necessary to establish a system involving collaboration with perinatal support organizations such as health centers.departmental bulletin pape
Research trends on job stress measures for public assistance caseworkers
Get PDFapplication/pdf本研究は、スコーピングレビューの手法を用いて、生活保護業務に携わるケースワーカーのストレス対策のための職場環境改善に関する研究動向の概況や、その特徴について明らかにすることを目的とした。検索した論文の発行年は、1980年～2023年までとした。検索論文のうち，基準を満たした9件を分析対象とした。分析対象となった論文の研究デザインについては、質問紙等の量的研究が6件、面接調査等の質的研究が2件、混合研究法が1件であった。これらの論文の結果・考察の中から、ストレス対策等について提言されている内容を抽出し、構造化した。その結果、【組織としての管理・運営的対策】【社会的支援関係の構築】【教育的対策】の3つのカテゴリーが得られ、それぞれの観点に着目した取り組みが注目されていたことが明らかとなった。具体的な方策内容については、今後の検討課題であることが伺えた。This study aimed to clarify the general situation and characteristics of research trends regarding stress measures to improve the work environment for caseworkers involved in public assistance work using the scoping review.
Articles published from 1980-2023 were searched for this study. Nine articles that met the criteria were included in the analysis. The research design of the analyzed articles included six quantitative studies (e.g., questionnaires), two qualitative studies (e.g., interviews), and a mixed methods study. From the results and discussions of these articles, we extracted and structured the contents of the recommendations on stress measures and other issues. Thus, three categories were obtained: [management and administrative measures as an organization], [building social support relationships], and [educational measures]. It became clear that efforts focusing on each of these perspectives were crucial. From the findings, it can be deduced that the content of specific measures is an issue for further studies.departmental bulletin pape
