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Effectiveness of inter-phrase pausing for sentence intelligibility in the elderly with hard of hearing ― A simulation study using a hearing impairment simulator ―
Get PDFapplication/pdf難聴のある高齢者に話しかける際に，聞き取りを助ける方法の１つとして，文節の間をあけて話すことが推奨されている。こうした文節休止が文の聴取に与える効果について，模擬難聴システムを用いて高齢者の聴力をシミュレーションし，若年健聴者を対象に聴取実験を行なって検討した。その結果，文節休止0.6 秒，文節休止0.1秒，文節休止なしの順に文聴取の正答率が高く，文節休止は聞き取りの向上につながると考えられた。また，ごく短い0.1 秒の休止でも，一定の効果があることが示唆された。When speaking to elderly people with hard of hearing, it is commonly recommended to insert short pauses between phrases of a sentence in order to assist their listening comprehension. In this study, the effectiveness of inter-phrase pausing for listening comprehension of sentences was investigated by simulating elderly people’s hearing utilizing a hearing impairment simulator. Young adults with normal hearing participated in an experiment in which they listened to sentences through the hearing impairment simulator and were asked to repeat the sentences as they heard them. The results showed that the correct answer rate was highest with a 0.6 second pausing, followed by a 0.1 second pausing, and lowest when sentences were presented without pausing. It can be concluded that inter-phrase pausing facilitates listening comprehension of sentences and even a very short pausing of 0.1 second is effective.原著journal articl
The American Working-Class Studies: Its History and Future Prospects
Get PDFapplication/pdfSince the 1990s, some anthologies and critical studies on American working-class literature have been published, including Laura Hapke’s Labor’s Text: The Worker in American Fiction （2001）and Growing Up Poor: A Literary Anthology （2002）edited by Robert Coles and Randy Testa. Nicholas Coles and Janet Zandy also published American Working-Class Literature: An Anthology （2007）.These publications coincide with the rise in the academic fields of American working-class ｓstudies, which can be attributed to the fact that more and more American citizens grew frustrated with the economic inequalities. The people’s longing for a more democratic economic system are reflected into the two bestsellers in the early 2000s, Barbara Ehrenreich’s Nickel and Dimed: On （Not）Getting by in America（2001）and David K. Shipler’s The Working Poor: Invisible in America （2004）. The entire social tendencies paved the way for the active social protests of anti-globalism, including Occupy Wall Street in 2011. In this paper, I will focus on the American working-class studies and the history of its development. In the course of analysis, I will also estimate its future prospect by examining how the studies of working-class and its literature influence and change the course of the modern society.departmental bulletin pape
Endocrinological study of regulatory mechanism of follicular development and ovulation in mammals.
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Learning Contents of Operating Room Nursing Practice in Acute Care Nursing Practice ― An Analysis of Students’ Reports Using Text Mining ―
Get PDFapplication/pdf急性期看護実習における手術室実習の有用性を検討するために，当該実習における学修内容を示す主要語と構成概念を明らかにすることが目的である。急性期看護実習における手術室実習の学修内容について，学生が記述した課題レポートをテキストマイニングで分析した。言及頻度分析で上位20 位以内の名詞は『患者』を筆頭に，以下『手術』『看護師』『手術室』『医師』などであった。主成分分析とクラスター分析による類型化から，【医師の確認下で行われる器械・ガーゼ類の安全管理】【手術を受ける患者の不安軽減】【外回り看護師に求められる知識・技術】【看護ケアをめぐる医療従事者間のコミュニケーションの大切さ】【外回り看護師と器械出し看護師の役割分担】【術中の麻酔管理と術式】【患者の負担軽減に資する医療従事者間の連携】の構成概念が抽出された。一般の急性期・外科病棟では学び難い部分を強化することができるなど，本実習成果が示された。This study examined primary words and constructs representing the learning contents of operating room nursing practice in acute care nursing practice to confirm their usefulness. Reports submitted after operating room nursing practice in acute care nursing practice were analyzed using text mining. “Patients” was the most frequently appearing word, followed by “surgery,” “nurse,” “operating room,” and “doctor,” which were among the top 20. The constructs extracted through typification using principal component and cluster analyses include: “Safety management of equipment / gauze under the supervision of the doctor,” “the alleviation of anxiety in surgical patients,” “knowledge and skills needed by circulating nurses,” “importance of communication among medical professionals in nursing care,” “role-sharing between circulating and scrub nurses,” “intraoperative anesthetic management/ surgical procedure,” and “collaboration among medical professionals to reduce patients’ burdens.” Learning contents of this practice included being able to strengthen the medical team’s skills regarding difficult tasks that cannot be learned in acute and surgical wards.報告journal articl