Justicia Islamica (Journal)
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The Reconstruction of The Modern Advertising Concept: An Islamic Law Perspective
No full textIslam as a complete religion needs to offer a modern advertising concept to reconstruct the existing advertising concept, which tends to be value-free. It has the potential to hurt the consumer society. The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the concept of modern advertising using the perspective of Islamic law to serve as alternative guidance for more Islamic advertising practices. To achieve this goal, the author uses the methods of normative legal research with the conceptual approach. The results of this research conclude that the Islamic legal concept of advertising requires fulfillment of the elements and requirements of advertising contract (arkân wa syurÅ«th al-i’lân) to ensure that the advertiser (al-mu'lin), the object advertised (al-mu'lân), the advertising media (wasîlah al-i'lân) and the recipient of the advertisement (al-mu'lan lahu) do not conflict with Sharia principles. A producer/ seller can deliver advertising on a product either directly or through advertising media. Advertising media can involve humans and/or other supporting facilities such as writing, posters/ pictures, and musical instruments. The contract underlines the advertising agreement between the sponsor and the advertising service provider to give authority with a wage system (wakâlah bi al-”˜ujrah).Islam sebagai agama paripurna perlu menawarkan konsep periklanan modern untuk merekonstruksi konsep periklanan yang selama ini cendrung bebas nilai sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi masyarakat konsumen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merekonstruksi konsep periklanan modern menggunakan perspektif hukum Islam untuk dijadikan sebagai pedoman alternatif praktik periklanan yang lebih islami. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa suatu konsel hukum periklanan yang islami mensyaratkan terpenuhinya rukun dan syarat-syarat iklan untuk memastikan agar pengiklan (al-mu’lin), objek yang diiklankan (al-mu’lÄn), media iklan (wasîlah al-i’lÄn) dan penerima iklan (al-mu’lin lahu) tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah. Seorang produsen/ penjual dapat menyampaikan iklan suatu produk baik secara langsung atau melalui media periklanan. Penggunaan media iklan dapat melibatkan peran manusia dan/ atau sarana pendukung lainnya seperti tulisan, poster/ gambar, dan instrumen musik. Adapun akad yang mendasari perjanjian periklanan antara sponsor dengan penyedia jasa iklan adalah perjanjian pemberikan kuasa dengan sistem upah (wakÄlah bi al-”˜ujrah). <w:LsdException Locke
The Transformation of DSN-MUI Fatwa in The Unit-Linked Products: A Contemporary Analysis
No full textThis article aims to review more concretely how the fatwa position of DSN-MUI toward Sharia Insurance in Indonesia's legal system and how this fatwa is transformed by insurance companies in the form of Unit Link products. Researchers used library research methods, comparative and correlative approaches, and content analysis techniques to answer this. Based on the analysis, the position of the fatwa of DSN-MUI toward Sharia Insurance is hierarchically equivalent to the position of the laws and regulations based on the provisions stated in Article 1 paragraph 3 of Law No. 40 of 2014 on Insurance. Furthermore, from the aspect of transformation, it is found that there are three patterns of transformation used by insurance companies; there are patterns of adoption, expansion, and narrowing. The narrowing pattern is widely used because of the technical nature of the Unit Link. However, from the aspect of conformity with the fatwa, after the transformation process is carried out, especially in the fatwa of the DSN-MUI regarding wakalah bil ujrah by expanding the meaning of ujrah, it is resulted in deviations from sharia principles, especially considering the types of ujrah as stated in a limited manner in the fatwa. wakalah bil ujrah. This research contributes to providing a way to resolve the implementation of Unit Link
Preferences of Children's Religious Interfaith Marriages: Case Study in The International Conference on Religion and Peace (ICRP)
No full textThis research focuses on normative juridical aspects related to religious selection in children due to Interfaith Marriage (PBA). With the sociology of religion and the psychology of child development, this study looks at how the pattern of children’s education influences the tendency of the religious child's selection. Research informants are four PBA pairs taken randomly in the International Conference on Religion and Peace (ICRP) organization. The research findings explain that children's religious preferences follow their parents' path and parenting patterns who have different religions. In this study, there were at least three parenting practices applied by parents of interfaith marriages. First, parents of married couples of different religions teach two religious teachings at once. Secondly, one of the couples from interfaith marriages took over the child's religious education to follow their religion. Third, an agreement to make one child join each parent's religion. The pattern of nurture and religious environment applied by interfaith married couples to their children, related to religion, is very influential in the development of children's religious understanding. Religious education that is tolerant and understands religious plurality is a primary basis so that children are not trapped in psychological conflicts blaming one of their parents’ religions. This research is expected to contribute to family law development, particularly the law on protecting children.Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada aspek yuridis normatif terkait dengan kecenderungan pemilihan agama pada anak hasil Pernikahan Beda Agama (PBA). Dengan pendekatan sosiologi agama dan psikologi perkembangan anak, penelitian ini melihat bagaimana pola pendidikan anak yang berpengaruh terhadap kecenderungan pemilihan agama anak tersebut. Informan penelitian adalah empat pasangan PBA dalam lingkungan organisasi International Conference on Religion and Peace (ICRP) yang dipilih secara random. Temuan penelitian menjelaskan bahwa preferensi agama anak mengikuti alur dan pola pengasuhan kedua orang tua mereka yang berbeda agama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada tiga pola asuh yang diterapkan oleh orang tua pernikahan beda agama. Pertama, orang tua dari pasangan nikah beda agama mengajarkan dua ajaran agama sekaligus. Kedua, salah seorang pasangan dari pernikahan beda agama mengambil alih pendidikan agama anak agar anak-anak mengikuti agamanya. Ketiga, kesepakatan untuk menjadikan salah satu anak ikut agama masing-masing orang tua. Pola pengasuhan dan lingkungan keagamaan yang diterapkan oleh pasangan nikah beda agama kepada anak-anak mereka, terkait dengan agama, sangat berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan pemahaman agama anak-anak. Pendidikan agama yang toleran dan memahami pluralitas agama menjadi basis dasar agar anak-anak tidak terjebak dalam konflik psikologis menyalahkan salah satu agama orang tuanya. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan sumbangsih bagi pengembangan hukum keluarga, khususnya hukum perlindungan terhadap anak
Discourse of Middle Way in Islamic Jurisprudence on Career Women in Achieving The Sakinah Family: Reconstruction of Roles and Women's Identity
No full textThe focus of this paper is on the problems of career women, both historically and juridical. This paper tries to reconcile the longstanding debate about the role of women in the public sphere. The stigma of women being identical to the domestic duties as servants of parents or servants of husbands has begun to change in the millennial era. Women have started going out and getting a profession in various fields. This study examines textually and historically related to women and juridical reviews in classical jurisprudence and related to the Indonesian laws. This paper begins by analyzing women's position historically to analyze the development of women’s role in their life. While the juridical study by analyzing both the Marriage Law and the opinions of some fiqh experts and various other studies by the theme. This study concludes that there are career women who are challenges and at the same time opportunities to create a confident family. Progressive interpretation of career women seeks to produce fiqh in the middle way that women also have the right to do good deeds (work). However, the right given must still be based on the benefit of individuals and collectives (sakinah family)
The Criminal Cases of Children in Conflict With The Law: Litigation and Non-Litigation Resolutions
No full textThe increasing number of child cases in Ponorogo Regency from 2015 to 2019 requires fast, simple handling and can deter children. From this, problems can be formulated related to how the process of resolving child cases is through litigation and non-litigation at the Police, District Courts, KPPA Ponorogo, and LK3 Ponorogo. This research is a qualitative descriptive study, with a sociological juridical approach, and the data are obtained based on field research to related institutions, then analyzed by inductive analysis. The settlement of cases of children in conflict with the Law is conducted by litigation to the Police and the Ponorogo District Court by the relevant Law. Meanwhile, non-litigation, namely diversion, has not been effective because it was found that there was a repetition of crimes, such as theft, raiding, which were carried out by several children, indicating that the non-litigation approach had not provided a deterrent effect on children. Meanwhile, in non-litigation terms, the roles of institutions in Ponorogo Regency, such as the KPPA, LK3 are still lacking even though their handling is by the Child Protection Law and the Child Justice System Law. To see and understand the handling of children dealing with the Law directly, it is also known that law enforcement officers in Ponorogo choose to prioritize human values with non-litigation even though there are not by the Law; this is what contributes to this research.Meningkatnya kasus anak yang terjadi di Kabupaten Ponorogo dari Tahun 2015 sampai dengan Tahun 2019 membutuhkan penanganan yang cepat, sederhana dan dapat memberikan efek jera terhadap anak. Dari hal tersebut, dapat dirumuskan permasalahan terkait bagaimana proses penyelesaian perkara anak secara litigasi dan non litigasi di lembaga Kepolisian, Pengadilan Negeri, KPPA Ponorogo, serta LK3 Ponorogo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian diskriptif kualitatif, dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis, dan data diperoleh berdasarkan penelitian lapangan ke lembaga-lembaga terkait, kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis induktif. Penyelesaian kasus anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum secara litigasi ke lembaga Kepolisian dan Pengadilan Negeri Ponorogo sesuai dengan Undang-Undang terkait. Sedangkan secara non litigasi yaitu dengan diversi belum efektif, karena ditemukan adanya pengulangan pidana yang dilakukan oleh beberapa anak menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan non-litigasi belum memberikan efek jera terhadap anak. Sedangkan secara non litigasi, peran lembaga-lembaga yang ada di Kabupaten Ponorogo, seperti KPPA, LK3 masih sangat kurang walau penanganannya sudah sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak dan Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Anak. Jadi selain melihat dan memahami penanganan anak berhadapan dengan hukum secara langsung, juga diketahui bahwa aparat penegak hukum di Ponorogo memilih mengedepankan nilai-nilai kemanusian dengan non-litigasi walaupun ada hal yang kurang sesuai dengan undang-undang, hal inilah yang menjadi kontribusi dalam penelitian ini
In-Kind Model in Creative Productive Zakat Funds: Case Study on National Zakat Administrator Agency (Baznas) of West Kalimantan Province
No full textThe research results in this paper aim to describe the Small Business Capital Program's implementation, the constraints in implementing it, and the creative, productive zakat model that the Baznas of West Kalimantan Province have implemented in empowering the economy of Mustahiq. Therefore, the type of research used in this paper is field research with an empirical approach. Data collected from the results of interviews and documentation are then analyzed with qualitative data analysis. There are three research results in this paper. First, the Baznas of West Kalimantan Province implements the Small Business Capital Program to distribute zakat funds collected productively in venture capital. The venture capital is then bought the means of production and given to Mustahiq to start or develop a business that he already has. The aim is to change the status of mustahiq to muzakki the following year. Second, there are two obstacles experienced by Baznas of West Kalimantan Province in empowering the poor's economy through the Small Business Capital Program, namely the lack of human resources and the lack of zakat funds that the Baznas of West Kalimantan Province have collected. Third, the Small Business Capital Program at Baznas of West Kalimantan Province is included in the in-kind model to distribute creative, productive zakat funds. It is hoped that this in-kind model can be used as a solution and contribution to the government in reducing poverty, especially in West Kalimantan Province
Istinbath Method of Tablighi Students In Pesantren Temboro: Textual and Contextual Matter
No full textThis article discusses istinbath (the way to absorb law from the primary sources) of fiqh (Islamic law) by Tablighi students (santri) at Pesantren Temboro, Magetan, East Java in bahsul al-masa’il forum that is a forum for discussing Islamic law problems. The exciting thing about this study is Temboro Tablighi students as a traditionalist group known as the traditional Islamic community and the followers of Jamaah Tabligh. The questions are: What are the types of Islamic thought and the kinds of istinbath used by Tablighi students? Is the istinbath in the bahsul al-masa’il forum the same as that of other students of traditional Pesantrens in Indonesia or not? This article answers those research questions not only to analyze how Tablighi students apply the istinbath model in their forum but also to analyze the bahsul al-masa’il products. This study is based on scoped library research i.e. the results of bahsul al-masa’il published in Tablighi students’ magazines during 2018, such as Al-Madinah, Al-Maktabah, Humairo, and Tranqil. One of the teachers involved in the forum is interviewed to clarify and get more detailed information. The study results show that the istinbath method of Tablighi students, in general, is the same as other traditional students in other pesantrens that only apply the qauliyyah method (using ulemas’ arguments written in classical books called Kitab Kuning). This study contributes significantly to how Tablighi santri of the Pesantren Temboro remain conserving a traditional scholarship knowledge (turats) with contextualization limitedly on some cases
The Empowerment of The Council of Advisory and Preservation of Marriage (BP4) in Shaping Sakinah Families
No full textDivorce cases in the Religious Courts of Lampung Province increase every year, which shows that the performance of BP4 Lampung has not been optimal. Therefore, it needs to be evaluated scientifically. This study aims to find a form of reconstruction of the work management of BP4 Lampung in building a sakinah family. This study used qualitative research with a descriptive-analytical type. The approach used interviews, documentation, and observation. The work management of the BP4 Lampung in realizing the sakinah family includes: first, the selection of management and organizational members who have spiritual, cultural, and intellectual dimensions; second, giving the honorarium and the social guarantee; third, training and development. Reconstruction that can be carried out is budgeting, where after the issuance of the Law on regional autonomy, then BP4 Lampung, which is a partner of the Ministry of Religion Affairs and related agencies in improving the quality of marriage by developing the sakinah family movement, should get more attention in the whole budgeting problem by the government so that this program can be run optimally. To policymakers in Indonesia, both from the legislative and executive elements, along with the scholars, they should be proactive in paying attention to and following up on very complex Muslim problems, especially in the realm of Islamic family law and at the same time damaging the morals and values of the society in general. In this case, the most critical problem is the prevalence of divorce practices in Lampung, which hurt families' psychological development
The Relationship Between Islam and Traditional Marriage of Siak Malay
No full textThis research focuses on the marriage customs of the Siak Malay Society. The research focuses are three stages of the tradition: they are the stage before, during, and after the wedding ceremony. The traditional wedding procession needs to find common ground between Islamic Law and custom living in the Siak Malay Society. This research uses a qualitative descriptive-analytic approach. The collecting data method combines the library and field research through interviews with related parties. The results of every stage, before, during, and after the wedding ceremony, firstly, shows that it has religious, philosophical meanings come from the teachings of Islam, i.e., Qur’an, Hadith, and Ijtihad using the ”˜urf frame of mind. The rule explains that whatever has been determined by the syara’, absolutely without any definite provisions in religion and language, is returned to ”˜urf. Second, the relationship between Islamic Law and custom in this wedding tradition in the historical context originated from the traditions carried out by the Siak Sri Indrapura Kingdom. This is due to the Sultan’s function as the Head of State and the spiritual guide at that time, including marriage matters. This has implications for the mixing of the wedding procession traditions containing religious values packaged in cultural forms; thus, that the wedding tradition of the Siak Malay society needs to be maintained and preserved as a part of the cultural wealth with Islamic nuances without burdening the economies of both parties in the implementation of the wedding ceremony procession.Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada adat perkawinan Masyarakat Melayu Siak. Ada tiga tahapan tradisi yang menjadi fokus penelitian, yaitu tahap sebelum pesta perkawinan, tahap sedang berlangsung pesta perkawinan, dan tahap setelah pesta perkawinan. Prosesi adat perkawinan tersebut perlu dicari titik temu antara hukum Islam dan adat yang telah hidup di Masyarakat Melayu Siak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitataif deskriptif analitis. Sedangkan metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggabungkan antara Metode kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap pihak-pihak yang terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: Pertama, pada setiap rangkaian tradisi pesta perkawinan mulai dari sebelum pesta perkawinan, sedang pesta perkawinan dan setelah pesta perkawinan ternyata mempunyai makna-makna filosofis keagamaan yang bersumber dari ajaran agama Islam baik Al-Qur’an, Hadist, dan Ijtihad menggunakan kerangka berfikir ”˜urf. Kaidah ini menjelaskan bahwa setiap apapun yang telah ditetapkan oleh syara` secara mutlak tanpa ada ketentuannya secara pasti dalam agama dan dalam bahasa, maka hal tersebut dikembalikan kepada ”˜urf. Kedua, hubungan hukum Islam dan adat pada tradisi perkawinan ini dalam konteks sejarah berawal dari tradisi yang dilakukan oleh Kerajaan Siak Sri Indrapura. Hal ini karena fungsi Sultan sebagai Kepala Negara sekaligus sebagai pembimbing agama waktu itu, termasuk juga dalam hal perkawinan. Ini berimplikasi pada percampuran tradisi prosesi perkawinan mengandung nilai-nilai agama yang dikemas dalam wujud budaya. Sehingga tradisi perkawinan masyarakat Melayu Siak perlu dipertahankan dan dilestarikan sebagai bagian kekayaan budaya yang bernuansa Islami dengan tidak memberatkan ekonomi kedua belah pihak dalam pelaksanaan prosesi perkawinan
COVID-19 and The Implementation of QawÄ’id Fiqhiyyah in E-Commerce
No full textThe COVID-19 Pandemic has implications for all aspects of life, having both positive and negative impacts. The positive impact can be interpreted by finding a maslahat in contemporary studies by considering mafÄsid and maá¹£Äliḥ maps. Meanwhile, the negative impact of one of them is the collapse of economic conditions. By examining the positive impact of COVID-19 and maslahat theory, it can be attributed to the rule of Law (qawÄ'id fiqhiyyah) resulting in changes in the frame of the rule of Law, as well as in efforts to produce a maá¹£laḥah, iá¹£lÄḥ, and istiá¹£lÄḥ. This study aims to examine the benefit of contemporary business development and the implications of qawÄ'id fiqhiyyah on contemporary business development during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The study uses qualitative research to look at every event and then link it with fiqh's study as a library research approach. Patterns and interpretation results are presented in a descriptive form to have more structured and readable. The contemporary study found six basic fiqh rules as a foundation for business implementation through e-commerce, changes in mafâsid maps. It produced maṣâliḥ making business through e-commerce as a platform for business development to realize prosperity. The study has implications on Islamic law studies' expansion and novelty in contemporary issues and brought prosperity to the Islamic economy during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Pandemi COVID-19 berimplikasi pada seluruh aspek kehidupan, yakni aspek yang mendatangkan dampak positif maupun negatif. Dampak positif dapat dimaknai dengan menemukan maslahat dalam kajian kontemporer dengan melakukan pertimbangan terhadap peta mafÄsid dan maá¹£Äliḥ. Sedangkan dampak negatif salah satunya dengan runtuhnya kondisi perekonomian. Dengan mengkaji dampak positif COVID-19 dan teori maslahat dapat dikaitkan dengan kaidah hukum (qawÄ’id fiqhiyyah) sehingga menghasilkan perubahan dalam bingkai kaidah hukum, termasuk juga dalam upaya menghasilkan sebuah maá¹£laḥah, iá¹£lÄḥ dan istiá¹£lÄḥ. Kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji kemaslahatan yang terjadi dalam pengembangan bisnis kontemporer serta implikasi qawÄ’id fiqhiyyah terhadap pengembangan bisnis kontemporer di masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini yaitu riset kualitatif yang melihat setiap kejadian lalu mencoba menghubungkan dengan kajian fiqih sebagai pendekatan kepustakaan (library research), pola dan hasil interpretasi yang dilakukan selanjutnya disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif agar lebih terstruktur dan memiliki tingkat keterbacaan. Kajian kontemporer yang dilakukan menemukan enam dasar kaidah fiqih sebagai landasan dalam pelaksanaan bisnis melalui e-commerce, perubahan peta mafâsid dan maṣâliḥ yang dihasilkan menjadikan bisnis melalui e-commerce sebagai wadah pengembangan bisnis untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan. Kajian yang dilakukan berimplikasi pada perluasan dan kebaruan kajian hukum Islam dalam permasalahan kontemporer dan mendatangkan kesejahteraan dalam perekonomian Islam di masa Pandemi COVID-19